| 词条 | Mossoró | |||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Mossoró | official_name = The Municipality of Mossoró | settlement_type = Municipality | image_skyline = Centro, Mossoró (RN).jpg | imagesize = 250px | image_caption = | image_flag = | image_seal = | nickname = "Capital do Oeste" ("The Capital of the West") and "Cidade do Sal e do Petróleo" ("City of Salt and Petroleum") | motto = Mossoró da gente. Fazendo nossa vida melhorar. (Our Mossoró. Improving our lives.) | image_map = RioGrandedoNorte Municip Mossoro.svg | mapsize = 250px | map_caption = Location in the Rio Grande do Norte | image_map1 = Brazil State RioGrandedoNorte.svg | map_caption1 = Location of State of Rio Grande do Norte in Brazil | coordinates = {{coord|5|11|16|S|37|20|38|W|region:BR|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}} | subdivision_type1 = Region | subdivision_name1 = Northeast | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Rio Grande do Norte | established_title = Founded | established_date = 1852 | leader_party = PP | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Rosalba Ciarlini Rosado | area_total_km2 = 2,110.207 | area_total_sq_mi = 814.755 | elevation_m = 20 | elevation_ft = 66 | population_total = 259,886 | population_as_of = IBGE/2010 | population_density_km2 = 123.17 | population_density_sq_mi = 318.9 | population_note = [1] | timezone = America/Fortaleza | utc_offset = -3 | timezone_DST = DST Not Observed | utc_offset_DST = -3 | postal_code_type = Postal Code | postal_code = 59600 | iso_code = BR-RN | blank_name = HDI (2000) | blank_info = 0.735 – {{color|#fc0|medium}} | website = {{URL|http://www.prefeiturademossoro.com.br/}} }}Mossoró ({{IPA-pt|mosoˈɾɔ}}) is the second most populous city[2] in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, and also the largest municipality of that state. It is equidistant (four hours' drive) from Natal (approximately 277 km or 172 miles), the state capital of Rio Grande do Norte, and from Fortaleza (approximately 260 km or 161.5 miles), the capital of the state of Ceará. It is also in the heart of Brazil's salt production area. Situated in the Oeste Potiguar mesoregion, Mossoró is the country's largest land-based petroleum producer.[3] HistoryTo Brazilians, the main historical distinctions of the city are the driving off an attack by Lampião and his gang of "social bandits" (see Cangaço) that plundered entire towns in the sertão during the 1920s and 1930s; and also the fact that the city freed its slaves five years before the Lei Áurea abolished slavery in the rest of the country in 1888. Mossoró was also the first city to give women the right to vote in Brazil (Professor Celina Guimarães Viana cast the first vote in 1928), sparking a movement among other cities and states in Brazil that culminated in the official recognition of women's suffrage by the national government in 1934. Population Growth{{historical populations|align=none|cols=2|1991| 192,267 |1996| 205,214 |2000| 213,841 |2007| 234,390 |2008| 241,645 |2009| 244,287 |2010*| 259,886 |footnote = *The IBGE population estimate for Mossoró as of 2010 stands at 259,886 people[4] (96th largest municipality in Brazil). }} Culture and RecreationAlthough it does not have beaches within its city limits, there are several magnificent beaches in the surrounding area of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20101108074147/http://www.brasil-natal.com.br/en/destinations_polos_costabranca.php Costa Branca Pole] such as the desert beaches of the city of Areia Branca. World-famous Canoa Quebrada beach is a short drive away in the neighboring state of Ceará. The Resistance Museum tells the story of the city and the city's native sons. However, the most famous attraction is the Mossoró Cidade Junina (Mossoró Junina City Festival), a winter festival (festa junina) that attracts more than a million people during the month of June. The city has a beautiful historic town, a hub of fascinating stories of the region's development. Main attractions include the Museu Municipal Jornalista Lauro da Escóssia (Journalist Lauro da Escóssia Municipal Museum), also known as the Cangaço Museum, the Station Arts old railway station museum, the Oil Museum, St. Vincent Church, and the Cathedral of Santa Luzia. Other attractions include the famous Palace of Resistance, former residence of mayor Rodolfo Fernandes who was the leader of the resistance against the "Lamp band" (Lampião) and served as a rampart against attacks from those notorious bandits. There is also the Bode Market, an ovine and caprine trading center where traders and buyers of sheep and goats continue the long-held rural traditions of the northeast, as well as the famous Central Market and the Railway Bridge. In September, the city stages what could be the largest play in the world, the [https://web.archive.org/web/20110126192751/http://gringoes.com/articles.asp?ID_Noticia=1454 Auto Da Liberdade (The Procession of Liberty)] with an all-paid cast of 2,000 and a 600-member chorus as part of its Festa da Liberdade (Brazilian independence celebrations). Mossoró also has a shopping center, [https://web.archive.org/web/20101211154704/http://www.mossorowestshopping.com.br/ Mossoró West Shopping], which includes a 5-screen multiplex cinema, Wi-Fi internet connectivity, children's recreation and diaper changing area, ATMs, bowling alley, pharmacy, and food court among its many amenities. Mossoró is also home to the Hotel Thermas Resort which is the largest thermal water park in Brazil. The heated water used in the resort arises from a zone of geothermal hot springs located in the vicinity of the city. The city is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mossoró.[5][6] EducationColleges and UniversitiesThe Federal University of the Semi-Arid is located in Mossoró. The following have campuses in the city:
Grade Schools and High SchoolsYou can see a listing of public and private elementary, junior, and senior high schools in Mossoró [https://web.archive.org/web/20110327075917/http://www.estadosecidades.com/mossoro-rn.aspx HERE] (In Portuguese.) UNP universidade Potiguar Regional TransportationAirportsMossoró is served by the following airports:
Highways
Distances to other Brazilian Cities{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
ClimateMossoró is one of the hottest cities in all of Brazil. It is not uncommon for temperatures to exceed {{convert|35|°C|°F|0|abbr=on}} throughout the year, with temperatures approaching {{convert|45|°C|°F|0|abbr=on}} unexceptional. A fairly short wet season spans from January to May, while the scorching dry season spans the remainder of the year. The sultriest temperatures are registered from October to January. It has semi-arid climate with a temperature range of mean lows around {{convert|22.7|°C|°F|abbr=on}} in winter and mean highs around {{convert|33.4|°C|°F|abbr=on}} in summer.[7] {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |width=100% |location=Mossoró |Jan high C = 34.1 |Jan low C = 23.7 |Feb high C = 33.3 |Feb low C = 23.5 |Mar high C = 32.6 |Mar low C = 23.3 |Apr high C = 32.3 |Apr low C = 23.2 |May high C = 32.3 |May low C = 22.8 |Jun high C = 32.3 |Jun low C = 21.9 |Jul high C = 32.5 |Jul low C = 21.6 |Aug high C = 33.8 |Aug low C = 21.3 |Sep high C = 34.4 |Sep low C = 21.9 |Oct high C = 34.6 |Oct low C = 22.8 |Nov high C = 34.6 |Nov low C = 23.2 |Dec high C = 34.4 |Dec low C = 23.6 |year high C = 33.4 |year low C = 22.7 |Jan mean C = 26.8 |Feb mean C = 25 |Mar mean C = 27.3 |Apr mean C = 27.3 |May mean C = 27 |Jun mean C = 26.7 |Jul mean C = 26.5 |Aug mean C = 27.1 |Sep mean C = 27.7 |Oct mean C = 28.1 |Nov mean C = 28.3 |Dec mean C = 28.7 |year mean C = 27.2 |Jan rain mm = 69.3 |Feb rain mm = 130.1 |Mar rain mm = 169.2 |Apr rain mm = 179.6 |May rain mm = 109.5 |Jun rain mm = 49.4 |Jul rain mm = 39.9 |Aug rain mm = 11.1 |Sep rain mm = 5.9 |Oct rain mm = 3.4 |Nov rain mm = 3.2 |Dec rain mm = 17.3 |year rain mm = 787.9 |Jan sun = 231.7 |Feb sun = 194.4 |Mar sun = 186.4 |Apr sun = 190.3 |May sun = 217.1 |Jun sun = 211.3 |Jul sun = 228.3 |Aug sun = 269.1 |Sep sun = 271.7 |Oct sun = 290.3 |Nov sun = 281 |Dec sun = 256.5 |year sun = 2828.1 |Jan humidity = 67 |Feb humidity = 72 |Mar humidity = 78 |Apr humidity = 74 |May humidity = 76 |Jun humidity = 72 |Jul humidity = 69 |Aug humidity = 62 |Sep humidity = 61 |Oct humidity = 62 |Nov humidity = 63 |Dec humidity = 66 |year humidity = 68.5 |source 1=Climate Charts (daily means and humidity);[7] |source 2= Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology - INMET (rainfall and sun: 1961-1990).[8][9] }} ImagesSee also{{Portal|South America|Brazil}}
References1. ^ 2. ^http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/link.php?uf=rn 3. ^http://www.anp.gov.br/brasil-rounds/round4/round4/workshop/restrito/ingles/Potiguar_ing.pdf 4. ^{{cite web |title=Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics |url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/topwindow.htm?1 |year=2010 |quote=IBGE - Cities@ |accessdate=2010 Census - First results |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430164910/http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/topwindow.htm?1 |archivedate=2012-04-30 |df= }} 5. ^http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dmoss.html 6. ^http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/moss2.htm 7. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/b/BZ82591.php|title=Mossoro, Brazil: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data|publisher=Climate Charts|accessdate=September 8, 2014|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20140605151120/http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/b/BZ82591.php|archivedate=June 5, 2014|deadurl=yes|df=}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Precipitacao-Acumulada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Precipitação Acumulada Mensal e Anual (mm)|date=1961–1990|language=Portuguese|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|accessdate=September 8, 2014|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6PKd8wWgW?url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Precipitacao-Acumulada_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archivedate=May 5, 2014|deadurl=yes|df=}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Insolacao-Total_NCB_1961-1990.xls|title=Insolação Total (horas)|publisher=Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology|accessdate=September 8, 2014|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6PKYdNl7l?url=http://www.inmet.gov.br/webcdp/climatologia/normais/imagens/normais/planilhas/Insolacao-Total_NCB_1961-1990.xls|archivedate=May 5, 2014|deadurl=yes|df=}} External links{{Commons category}}{{Wikisource}}
1 : Municipalities in Rio Grande do Norte |
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