“Mudurnu”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Mudurnu is a small town and a district of Bolu Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey, 52 km south-west of the city of Bolu. It covers an area of 1,349 km², and the population (2011) is 20,528 of which 4,936 live in the town of Mudurnu.^[1] {{As of|2010}}, the mayor was Mehmet İnegöl (CHP).

History

The town has a long history and the name Mudurnu comes from the Byzantine princess Modrene (Μωδρηνή in Byzantine Greek), and the ruins of the Byzantine castle can still be seen above the town. In the 8th century AD, the forces of the Byzantine usurper Artabasdos, commanded by his son Niketas, were defeated at or near this location by the army of the legitimate emperor Constantine V, before being defeated again at Chrysopolis, the same location where Constantine the Great defeated his Eastern rival Licinius.

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Mudurnu was part of the Kastamonu Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.

This is an attractive district of forest and mountain. Mudurnu itself is a historical town with a number of well-preserved Ottoman Empire period houses. A portion of the centre of town has been declared an Historic Preservation District ("Kentsel Sit Alanı").^[2]

In 1920, during the Nationalists' push to gain control over the country, İbrahim Çolak with the Kuva-yi Milliye besieged forces loyal to the Porte for three days, May 13 to 15, before taking the town.

Economy

Until 2002 when it went bankrupt, the local economy was heavily dependent on the "Mudurnu Chicken" (Mudurnu Tavuk) company, one of Turkey's largest poultry producers and fast-food chains. There is a large statue of a chicken at the edge of town.^[3] After the chicken processing plant closed in 2002, significant numbers of people left the town for jobs elsewhere^[4] and the remaining populous began to invest in tidying up and restoring the old town in order to attract tourists and weekend visitors. Many of the old houses are now restaurants serving local cuisine.

In 2007 as part of the dissolution of Mudurnu Chicken the brand name was sold to Pak Chicken (Pak Tavuk), who produced chicken under that brand name, but not in Mudurnu.^[4] Beginning in 2010 Pak Chicken opened a chicken packing plant in Mudurnu, employing 350 people by mid 2010.^[4]

Places of interest

Notes

1. ^{{Cite web|title=Adrese Dayali Nüfus Kayit Sİstemİ (ADNKS) Verİ Tabani: İlçelere göre il/ilçe merkezi ve belde/köy nüfusu - 2011 (Bolu il) (Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Data Base: By districts by province / district centers and towns / rural population – 2011 (Bolu Province))|year=2012|publisher=Turkish Statistical Institute|url=http://rapor.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2&ENVID=adnksdb2Env&report=wa_turkiye_ilce_koy_sehir.RDF&p_il1=14&p_kod=1&p_yil=2011&p_dil=1&desformat=html|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027171125/http://rapor.tuik.gov.tr/reports/rwservlet?adnksdb2&ENVID=adnksdb2Env&report=wa_turkiye_ilce_koy_sehir.RDF&p_il1=14&p_kod=1&p_yil=2011&p_dil=1&desformat=html|archivedate=2012-10-27|df=}}
2. ^{{Cite journal |author=Koçan, Nurhan |year=2011 |title= Mudurnu (Bolu) Kentsel Sit Alanı Üzerine Bir Araştırma (Research on the Urban Conservation Area for Mudurnu (Bolu)) |language=Turkish |journal= Orman Fakültesi Dergisi (Journal of Forestry Faculty)|volume= 11|issue= 1|pages= 44–51|publisher= Kastamonu University|url= http://www.kastamonu.edu.tr/Files/File/ormanDergi/2011May%C4%B1s11_1/44-51.pdf|accessdate=5 October 2012}}
3. ^{{Cite news|author=Şahin, Şükran|title=Mudurnu’ya: Doğa, Kültür ve Tarihin Kucaklaştığı Yer (Mudurnu: Where Nature, Culture and History meet)|language=Turkish|date=21 July 2012|newspaper=Gezi Alemi|url=http://www.gezialemi.com/GeziAyrinti.asp?ID=433&SAYFA=1|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005155139/http://www.gezialemi.com/Yazdir.asp?ID=433&SAYFA=2|archivedate=5 October 2012|deadurl=no}}
4. ^¹²{{Cite news|author=Güler, Eren|title=Mudurnu Piliç hayata dönüyor (Chicken Mudurnu coming to life)|newspaper=Hürriyet Ekonomi|date=10 May 2010|url=http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/14668884.asp|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100513023512/http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/ekonomi/14668884.asp|archivedate=13 May 2010|deadurl=no}}
5. ^{{Cite web|title=Mudurnu'nun Şifa Kaynakları (Mudurnu Healing Resources)|language=Turkish|publisher=Mudurnu District of Bolu Province|url=http://www.mudurnu.com/sifakaynaklari.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100616160804/http://www.mudurnu.com/sifakaynaklari.html|archivedate=16 June 2010|deadurl=no}}
6. ^{{Cite news|title=Babas Kaplıcası onarımdan sonra hizmete açılacak (Thermal Baths will be opened after repairs)|language=Turkish|date=29 March 2010|newspaper=BolununSesi Gazetesi (BolununSesi Gazette)|url=http://www.bolununsesi.com/icerik/haber.asp?id=16648|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401235902/http://www.bolununsesi.com/icerik/haber.asp?id=16648|archivedate=1 April 2010}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/turkey-abandoned-disney-castles-villas-2019-1|title=There's a $200 million abandoned village of Disney-like castles in Turkey. Take a look inside.|first1=Aria|last1=Bendix|first2=2019|last2=Jan 21|date=|website=Business Insider|accessdate=28 January 2019}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.dezeen.com/2019/01/18/drone-abandoned-turkish-chateau-burj-al-babas/|title=Drone footage reveals hundreds of abandoned Turkish chateaux|date=2019-01-18|website=Dezeen|language=en|access-date=2019-01-26}}