| 词条 | Nakajima A1N | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Nakajima A1N, or Navy Type 3 Carrier Fighter was a Japanese carrier-based fighter of the late-1920s and early-'30s. It was a licensed copy of the British Gloster Gambet fighter, built by the Nakajima Aircraft Company for the Imperial Japanese Navy. Approximately 150 were built in total. There were two versions, the A1N1 and A1N2. DevelopmentBy 1926, the Imperial Japanese Navy's Mitsubishi 1MF fighters (also known as Type 10 Carrier Fighters) were in need of replacement and so it asked three of the leading Japanese aircraft manufacturers, Nakajima, Mitsubishi and Aichi for proposals for a new carrier-based fighter.[1] Nakajima purchased a licence from the British Gloster Aircraft Company for production of the Gloster Gambet. It was a private venture design for a carrier-based derivative of their earlier Gloster Gamecock fighter. The prototype Gambet was built by Gloster and first flew on 12 December 1927.[2] The prototype Gambet was shipped to Japan early in 1928. After modifications were made and it was fitted with a Nakajima-built Bristol Jupiter engine, the Gambet was evaluated by the Japanese navy against competitors from Aichi and Mitsubishi. It proved to be more manoeuvrable while still being a stable gun platform[1] and was selected in April 1929 for production as the Navy Type 3 Carrier Fighter, with the short designation A1N1.[3] 50 A1N1s were built. The A1N2 used the 336 kW (450 hp) Nakajima Kotobuki 2 engine, and was introduced in 1930. Production of approximately 100 was completed by 1932. DesignThe Gambet was a single-seat, single-bay biplane, of all-wooden construction and powered by an air-cooled Bristol Jupiter radial engine. While similar to the Gamecock, it was fitted with longer-span wings, internal flotation bags and arrestor hooks for carrier operations. Operational historyThe A1N1 entered service in 1929, replacing the Mitsubishi 1-MF. It served on the carriers {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Hōshō||2}}, {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Akagi||2}}, {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Kaga||2}} and {{Ship|Japanese aircraft carrier|Ryūjō||2}}.[4] The improved A1N2 entered service in 1930, with production continuing until 1932.[1] The A1N flew from the carriers Hōshō and Kaga during the Shanghai Incident in 1932 between Japan and China. A1Ns from Kaga scored the Imperial Japanese Navy's first air-to-air combat victory on 22 February 1932 when they shot down a Boeing P-12 (specifically a Model 218, Prototype of the P-12E/F4B-3 variant, after evaluation sold to the Chinese Air Force.) flown by the American volunteer pilot Robert Short.[4] A1Ns continued in service until 1935,[5] being replaced in service by the Nakajima A2N or Navy Type 90 Carrier Fighter. Variants
Prototype carrier-based fighter designed and built by Gloster Aircraft Company in the United Kingdom. Powered by one 313 kW (420 hp) Bristol Jupiter VI radial engine, one built.
Initial licensed production version. Powered by Nakajima built Jupiter VI engine, 50 built between 1928 and 1930.
Improved production version, powered by 336 kW (450 hp) Nakajima Kotobuki 2 engine. Approximately 100 built between 1930 and 1932. Operators
Specifications (A1N2){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref= Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941 [1] |crew=one |capacity= |length main= 6.50 m |length alt= 21 ft 3¾ in |span main= 9.70 m |span alt= 31 ft 10 in |height main= 3.30 m |height alt= 10 ft 10 in |area main= 26.3 m² |area alt= 283 ft² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 882 kg |empty weight alt= 1,944 lb |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= 1,375 kg |max takeoff weight alt= 3,031 lb |more general= |engine (prop)=Nakajima Kotobuki 2 |type of prop=9 cylinder radial engine |number of props=1 |power main= 336 kW |power alt= 450 hp |power original= |max speed main= 241 km/h |max speed alt= 130 kn, 150 mph |cruise speed main= 148 km/h |cruise speed alt= 80 kn, 92 mph |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main= 370 km |range alt= 200 nmi, 230 mi |ceiling main= 7,000 m |ceiling alt= 23,000 ft |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= 3.05 kg/m² |loading alt= 6.7 lb/ft² |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= 0.24 kW/kg |power/mass alt= 0.15 hp/lb |more performance=*Climb to 3,000 m (9,843ft): 6 min 10 sec |guns=2 × fixed, forward-firing 7.7 mm (.303 in) machine guns |bombs= 2 × 30 kg (66 lb) bombs |avionics= }} See also{{aircontent|related=*Gloster Gamecock |similar aircraft= |lists= |see also= }} References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book |last= Mikesh|first= Robert C|author2=Abe, Shorzoe |title= Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941|year= 1990|publisher= Putnam Aeronautical Books|location=London |isbn= 0-85177-840-2}} 2. ^{{Cite book|author=Mason, Francis K|title=The British Fighter since 1912|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=1992|isbn= 1-55750-082-7}} 3. ^{{cite book |last= Green|first= W |author2=Swanborough, G |title= The Complete Book of Fighters |edition= |year= 1994|publisher= Smithmark |isbn= 0-8317-3939-8}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url= http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/a1n.htm Nakajima (A1N) Type 3|title= Håkans Aviation page - Nakajima (A1N) Type 3|accessdate=2007-07-10 |format= |work= }} 5. ^{{cite book|author=Donald, David (Editor)|title = The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft|year = 1997|publisher = Aerospace Publishing|isbn =1-85605-375-X}} External links{{commons category|Nakajima A1N}}
6 : Nakajima aircraft|Japanese fighter aircraft 1920–1929|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Biplanes|Carrier-based aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1927 |
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