| 词条 | Namcha Barwa |
| 释义 |
| name = Namcha Barwa | photo = Namcha Barwa from the west.jpg | photo_caption = Namcha Barwa from the west, from Zhibai observation platform | elevation_m = 7782 | elevation_ref = [1] Ranked 28th | prominence_m = 4106 | prominence_ref = [1] Ranked 19th | map = China Tibet topography | map_caption = Location in eastern Tibet Autonomous Region | map_size = | label_position = | listing = Ultra | location = Tibet Autonomous Region Nyingchi Prefecture Mêdog County north of McMahon Line | range = Himalayas Namcha Barwa Himal | coordinates = {{coord|29|37|45|N|95|03|21|E|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_ref = [1] | first_ascent = 1992, China–Japan expedition | easiest_route = SSW ridge on rock, snow and ice }}Namcha Barwa or Namchabarwa ({{Bo|t=གནམས་ལྕགས་འབར་བ།|w=Gnams lcags 'bar ba|z=Namjagbarwa}}; Chinese: 南迦巴瓦峰, Pinyin: Nánjiābāwǎ Fēng) is a mountain in the Tibetan Himalaya. The traditional definition of the Himalaya extending from the Indus River to the Brahmaputra would make it the eastern anchor of the entire mountain chain, and it is the highest peak of its own section as well as Earth's easternmost peak over {{convert|7600|m|ft||}}.[2] LocationNamcha Barwa is in an isolated part of southeastern Tibet rarely visited by outsiders. It stands inside the Great Bend of the Yarlung Tsangpo River as the river enters its notable gorge across the Himalaya,[3] emerging as the Siang and becoming the Brahmaputra. Namcha Barwa's sister peak Gyala Peri at {{convert|7294|m|||}} rises across the gorge {{convert|22|km|||}} to the NNW. Notable featuresNamcha rises {{convert|5000-6800|m|||}} above the Yarlung Tsangpo.[4][5] After {{convert|7795|m|adj=on||}} Batura Sar in the Karakoram was climbed in 1976, Namcha Barwa became the highest unclimbed independent mountain in the world,[6] until it was finally climbed in 1992. In addition to being one of the highest mountains in the world, Namcha Barwa is also the third most prominent peak in the Himalayas after Mount Everest and Nanga Parbat.[1][7] Frank Kingdon-Ward described in the 1920s "a quaint prophecy among the Kongbo Tibetans that Namche Barwa will one day fall into the Tsangpo gorge and block the river, which will then turn aside and flow over the Doshong La [pass]. This is recorded in a book by some fabulous person whose image may be seen in the little gompa [monastery] at Payi, in Pome."(126-7){{cn|we have the author and page number, but not the publication title!|date=March 2019}} Climbing historyNamcha Barwa was located in 1912 by British surveyors but the area remained virtually unvisited until Chinese alpinists began attempting the peak in the 1980s. Although they scouted multiple routes, they did not reach the summit.[8] In 1990 a Chinese-Japanese expedition reconnoitered the peak.[9] Another joint expedition reached {{convert|7460|m|||}} in 1991 but lost member Hiroshi Onishi in an avalanche.[10] The next year a third Chinese-Japanese expedition established six camps on the South Ridge over intermediate Nai Peng ({{convert|7043|m|disp=or||}}) reaching the summit October 30.[11] Eleven climbers climbed to the summit. U.K. Alpine Club's Himalayan Index lists no further ascents.[12] Footnotes1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/everest.html|title=High Asia II: Himalaya of Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim and adjoining region of Tibet|publisher=Peaklist.org|accessdate=2014-06-01}} 2. ^{{Cite book | last = Neate | first = Jill | title = High Asia: An Illustrated History of the 7,000 Metre Peaks | publisher = Mountaineers Books | year = 1990 | location = Seattle | pages = 1–4;14–15 | language = | url = | isbn = 0-89886-238-8}} 3. ^{{Cite web| title = A river´s bend -- Trip to Yarlung Zangpo Canyon| work = CCTV-International| accessdate = 2013-10-19| url = http://english.cctv.com/20100129/101800.shtml}} 4. ^Namjagbarwa Mountaineering Map (1:50,000), Chinese Research Institute of Surveying and Mapping, China Mountaineering Association, 1990, {{ISBN|7-5031-0538-0}}. 5. ^High Asia digital elevation models 6. ^American Alpine Journal 1993, pp. 279-280. 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/karakoram.html|title=HIGH ASIA I: The Karakoram, Pakistan Himalaya and India Himalaya (north of Nepal)|publisher= Peaklist.org | accessdate=2016-03-28}} 8. ^{{Cite book | title = Neate, 1990, op. cit.}} 9. ^{{Cite journal | title = Namcha Barwa | journal = American Alpine Journal | volume = 33 | issue = 65 | year = 1991 | page = 285 | publisher = American Alpine Club | location = Boulder, Colorado | url = http://c498469.r69.cf2.rackcdn.com/1991/285_china_tibet_aaj1991.pdf | accessdate = May 19, 2011}} 10. ^{{Cite web | title = China Japan joint expedition to Namcha Barwa 1992 | author = Tsuneo Shigehiro | url = http://www.jac.or.jp/english/kiroku/1992/namc92_e.htm | accessdate = May 19, 2011}} 11. ^{{Cite web | title = Shigehiro, 1992, op. cit. | url = http://www.jac.or.jp/english/kiroku/1992/namc92_e.htm}} 12. ^{{Cite web | title = Himalayan Index | publisher = Alpine Club | location = London | url = http://www.alpine-club.org.uk/hi/screen1.php | accessdate = May 18, 2011}} External links
|publisher = U.S. Army Map Service |title = Namcha Barwa, NH 46-12 |url = http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/china/txu-oclc-10552568-nh46-12.jpg |year = 1955 |scale = 1:250,000 |accessdate = 2011-06-08 }}{{Authority control}} 2 : Mountains of the Tibet Autonomous Region|Seven-thousanders of the Himalayas |
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