| 词条 | Nannophryne cophotis |
| 释义 |
|image= | status = PE | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = | taxon = Nannophryne cophotis | authority=Boulenger, 1900 |synonyms=
}}Nannophryne cophotis, or the Paramo toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae[1][1] that is endemic to northern Peru.[2] Its natural habitats are puna grassland, high-altitude plateaus, and dry scrubland; it also occurs agricultural land (e.g., potato and maize fields). It breeds in temporary small ponds and permanent shallow streams at altitudes of 2000-4100 meters asl. Individuals have not been recorded since 2005, after what was believed to be a severe decline in its population. It was last known from: Granja Porcón & El Empalme (1999-2000); La Libertad (2003); Ancash (2004); and Cajamarca (2005). If a population exists it is believed to have 0-49 individuals remaining threatened from loss of habitat, pollution, conversion of land for farming, small and large-scale mining concessions, and the modification of waterways[3]. References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Bufonidae.shtml|title=Bufonidae |year=2015 |work=AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application] |publisher=Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb |accessdate=7 March 2015}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q2212885}}{{Bufonidae-stub}}2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Bufonidae/Nannophryne/Nannophryne-cophotis |title=Nannophryne cophotis (Boulenger, 1900) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2014 |work=Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0 |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |accessdate=7 March 2015}} 3. ^IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group. 2018. Nannophryne cophotis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T54615A89196913. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T54615A89196913.en. Downloaded on 22 December 2018. 7 : Nannophryne|Amphibians described in 1900|Amphibians of the Andes|Amphibians of Peru|Endemic fauna of Peru|Páramo fauna|Taxonomy articles created by Polbot |
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