| 词条 | NASA Astronaut Group 4 |
| 释义 |
Astronaut Group 4 (The Scientists) was a group of six astronauts selected by NASA in June 1965. While the astronauts of the first two groups were required to have an undergraduate degree or the professional equivalent in engineering or the sciences (with several holding advanced degrees), they were chosen for their experience as test pilots. Test pilot experience was waived as a requirement for the third group, and military jet fighter aircraft experience could be substituted. Group 4 was the first chosen on the basis of research and academic experience (an M.D. or Ph.D. in the natural sciences or engineering was a prerequisite for selection), with NASA providing pilot training as necessary. Initial screening of applicants was conducted by the National Academy of Sciences, which characterized the pool as "disappointing." Of the six ultimately chosen, four had military experience, with Garriott having previously completed the USAF Pilot Training Program. Schmitt, a geologist, walked on the Moon, while Garriott, Gibson and Kerwin all flew to Skylab. Garriott also flew on the Space Shuttle. Graveline and Michel left NASA without flying in space. Group members
Skylab 3 — July–September 1973 — Science Pilot — Second crew of the Skylab space station[1] STS-9 {{OV|102|full=no}} — November 1983 — Mission specialist — Spacelab mission[1]
Skylab 4 — November 1973–February 1974 — Science Pilot — Third crew of the Skylab space station[2]
Resigned from NASA before being assigned to a crew[3]
Skylab 2 — May–June 1973 — Science Pilot — First crew of the Skylab space station[4]
Resigned from NASA before being assigned to a crew[5]
Apollo 17 — December 1972 — Lunar Module Pilot — Last manned lunar landing, twelfth person to walk on the Moon[6] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/garriott-ok.html |title=Astronaut Bio: Owen K. Garriott |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=August 2008}} 2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/gibson-eg.html |title=Astronaut Bio: Edward G. Gibson |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=December 1993}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/graveline-de.html |title=Astronaut Bio: D. Graveline |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=September 1999}} 4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/kerwin-jp.html |title=Astronaut Bio: Joseph P. Kerwin |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=February 2008}} 5. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/michel-fc.html |title=Astronaut Bio: F. Curtis Michel |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=December 1975}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/Bios/htmlbios/schmitt-hh.html |title=Astronaut Bio: Harrison Schmitt |accessdate=2008-10-20 |author=NASA |date=December 1994}} External links
2 : NASA Astronaut Corps|Lists of astronauts |
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