“NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour (NWMT) (previously the NASCAR Winston Modified Tour and NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series from 1985 until 2005)^[1] is a stock car racing series owned and operated by NASCAR in the Modified Division. The Modified Division is NASCAR's oldest division, and is the only open-wheeled division that NASCAR sanctions. NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour events are mainly held in the northeastern United States, but the 2007 and 2008 tours expanded to the Midwest with the addition of a race in Mansfield, Ohio. The tour races primarily on short oval paved tracks, but the NWMT also has made appearances at larger ovals and road courses.

The cars

NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour cars are substantially different from their Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series counterparts. Today's cars are based on tubular chassis built by fabricators such as Troyer Engineering, Chassis Dynamics, Spafco, Raceworks and Fury Race Cars / LFR Chassis. Bodies are related to their passenger car counterparts in only two ways. There is a "manufacturers" logo placed on the car, and a logo indicating the type of road car it is alleged to be. Neither logo is actually associated with the actual manufacturer of the race vehicle. Whelen Modified cars are also largely fabricated from sheetmetal, with the front wheels and much of the front suspension exposed. A NASCAR Whelen Modified car is eleven inches shorter in height and over twenty-three inches wider than a Cup car. By rule, tour-type modifieds weigh at least 2610 pounds (with additional weight for engines 358 cubic inches and larger) and have a wheelbase of {{convert|107|in|mm}}. They are powered by small-block V-8 engines, usually of 355 to 368 cubic inches of displacement, although larger or smaller engines can be used. Engine components are largely similar to those used in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, but Whelen Modified Tour engines use a small four-barrel carburetor (rated at 390 cubic feet per minute, about half the airflow of previous modified carburetors), which limits their output to 625 to 700 horsepower. On large tracks such as New Hampshire Motor Speedway, the engines must have a restrictor plate between the carburetor and intake manifold, reducing engine power and car speed for safety reasons. Approved "body styles" for 2006 include the Chevrolet Cavalier and Monte Carlo, the Dodge Avenger and Stealth, the Ford Mustang and Escort, the Plymouth Laser and Sundance, and the Pontiac Sunbird, J2000, and Grand Prix.^[2]

History of the NASCAR Modified Division

The NASCAR Modified Division was formed as part of NASCAR's creation in December 1947. NASCAR held a modified race as its first sanctioned event, on February 15, 1948, on the beach course at Daytona Beach, Florida. Red Byron won the event and 11 more races that year, and won the first NASCAR Modified Championship.^[3]

(The Strictly Stock Division, which evolved into today's premier Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series, did not race until 1949.) Post-World War II modifieds were a form of "stock car" (contrasted against purpose-built AAA championship cars, sprints, and midgets) which allowed some modification, typically substitution of stronger truck parts. Most cars were pre-WWII coupes and coaches. This pattern continued through the 1960s, with aftermarket performance parts and later-model chassis (such as the 1955–57 Chevrolet's frame) becoming more common. Modifieds became known for technical innovation, both in homebuilt parts and in adapting components from other types of vehicles. By 1970, many modifieds featured big-block engines, fuel injection, eighteen-inch-wide rear tires, radically offset engine locations, and other technologies that made them faster on short tracks than any full-bodied race cars including Grand National cars.^[4]

The predecessor to the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour was NASCAR's National Modified Championship, which was determined by total points from weekly NASCAR-sanctioned races as well as a schedule of national championship races. Parts of the northeastern and southeastern US were hotbeds of modified racing in the 1950s and 1960s; some racers competed five nights per week or more.^[5] Often the same car was raced on both dirt and paved tracks, changing only tires and perhaps springs and shock absorbers.^[4] In the late 1960s and early 1970s, the technology of dirt and pavement modifieds diverged to make them separate types of race car. NASCAR was no longer sanctioning dirt tracks which held modified races, so the NASCAR modified rules became the standard for asphalt Modifieds. (Starting in the early 1970s, northeastern US dirt modified racetracks began to join the DIRT organization founded by Glenn Donnelly.) Most unsanctioned tracks used similar modified rules to NASCAR's, or specified the same cars with cost-limiting rules such as smaller engines or narrow tires.

In the 1980s, it became prohibitively expensive for modified teams to tow long distances to sixty or more races per year, including Watkins Glen International and Daytona International Speedway, Bowman Gray Stadium in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, North Wilkesboro Speedway, and Martinsville Speedway, with the North Wilkesboro races part of the Cup weekend.

Richie Evans ran 66 NASCAR modified features (and several unsanctioned events such as the Race of Champions) in 1984, the final year of the old system.^[5] To enable more than a few teams to contend seriously for the championship, it was decided to reformat the Modified Division's championship to a limited schedule of races not conflicting with one another. This change mirrored similar format changes to the Grand National (now Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series) Division starting in 1972 and the Late Model Sportsman Division (now Xfinity Series) starting in 1982.

Safety

Richie Evans' 1985 death at Martinsville, along with other asphalt modified fatalities such as Charlie Jarzombek (in 1987), Corky Cookman (1987), Tommy Druar (1989), Don Pratt (1989), and Tony Jankowiak (1990), led to questions about car rigidity with tour modifieds, and safety changes.^[5] In particular, straight frame rails were phased out, with new chassis required to have a step which could bend in hard impacts rather than passing the force to the driver. The death of Tom Baldwin, Sr. in 2004 led to more safety modifications, with HANS devices (or equivalents) and left side headrests becoming mandatory. For the 2008 season, rear bumpers were shortened in response to the 2007 death of John Blewett III.

After a severed wheel caused a fatality at an Indy Racing League event, NASCAR, in July 1999, required the Featherlite Modified Series teams (and eventually all NASCAR teams) to add steel cables as tethers linking each front spindle to the chassis, the steel cables were later replaced with marine rope which is stronger and weighs less.^[6]

History of the Modified Tour

The modern-day NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour was first held in 1985 with 29 races, named the "NASCAR Winston Modified Tour".^[5] It switched sponsorship to the Featherlite Trailers brand in 1994, and was renamed the "NASCAR Featherlite Modified Series".

In 2005, Whelen Engineering took over sponsorship of the series, which was renamed the "NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour".

Beginning in 2005 NASCAR sanctioned a new modified division in the southeastern United States known as the Whelen Southern Modified Tour. The two tours agreed to run a combined race at Martinsville Speedway.

1985

2017

With the 2017 Season The Nascar Whelen Southern Modified Tour ceased operation^[7] With it Bristol and Charlotte brought over as the merger with Myrtle Beach added to start the season. During the 2017 one of the Tour legend Ted Christopher died in a plane crash near North Branford on September 16. He was heading to race at a tour event that night at Riverhead Raceway^[8]. The car owner dropped out of the event. The next race they held at New Hampshire they honored him with a decal on the car.^[9] With Woody Pitkat driving Ted Christopher Modified at NHMS^[10]. With it Stafford Motor Speedway retired his number 13 from its weekly modified racing^[11]

2018

With NASCAR top tour (Cup Series and Truck Series) leaving to go to Las Vegas^[12] New Hampshire Motor Speedway replace it with what they called Full Throttle Weekend with NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour Musket 250. Becoming the longest race per distance 264.5 Miles(425.67KM) around a 1.058 Mile(1.70KM) track. Also NASCAR K&N Pro Series East with the Apple Barrel 125 being a global event with one driver coming from the Euro series and Mexico Series. And for the first time NASCAR Pinty's Series up in Canada race outside of Canada since its formations in 2007 with the Granite 100.

2019

With the 2019 season the tour went back to South Boston for the first time since the merger of the northern tour and the southern tour.^[13]

Also starting with 2019 all NASCAR modified events will be live on [https://www.fanschoice.tv Fanschoice.tv] ^[14]

Public stature

The series has been a minor league with a strong and loyal regional following. Most national media attention has appeared in racing-centered publications (magazines such as Stock Car Racing Magazine and Speedway Illustrated, and newspapers such as National Speed Sport News and Speedway Scene) rather than general mass media. In the 21st century, several books about historical modified drivers have been published. The series was featured in the EA Sports NASCAR series starting in 2004, though after 2006, the series became exclusive to PlayStation 2 releases.

No full-time Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series driver competed regularly in Whelen Modified Tour events until 2010, when Ryan Newman won at Bristol and won twice at New Hampshire driving for Kevin Manion. However, Ron Bouchard, Geoff Bodine, Brett Bodine, Steve Park, and Jimmy Spencer went on from WMT competition to become race winners at the Cup level. Other WMT veterans such as Mike McLaughlin, and Jeff Fuller have advanced to become race winners and championship contenders in the Xfinity Series, the top minor league under Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series. Two-time Xfinity Series champion Randy Lajoie also began racing modifieds in Connecticut before moving on the NASCAR. Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series crew chiefs that started in WMT include Tommy Baldwin Jr. and Greg Zipadelli.

In recent years, small numbers of races in the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour have aired on network television, with none appearing on prime-time television. Since 2015, several races air on NBCSN on tape delay as part of NBC’s NASCAR contract that began that same year. with select events being live stream online on [https://www.fanschoice.tv fanschoice.tv]

Traditionally, there are three weekends when the modifieds run as part of the undercard for the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series: the July and September (discontinued as of 2018) races at New Hampshire Motor Speedway, and the Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race at Bristol Motor Speedway. In the past, modifieds ran with the Cup cars at Martinsville, and the old SMART tour (which today is the NASCAR Whelen Southern Modified Tour) at North Wilkesboro with Cup cars. Typically, a name driver is recruited to participate in the race to pique the interest of casual fans. For example, Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series driver Carl Edwards and defending Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series champion Tony Stewart raced in the July 2006 race. On August 19, 2009, the NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour made its debut at Bristol Motor Speedway as part of a four-series meet (with the three national series) that week. This was a combination event for the Whelen Modifieds and the Southern Whelen Modifieds, and part of the Camping World Truck Series race meet that evening. The modifieds have also historically run with IndyCars when the IndyCar Series raced at Richmond International Raceway and New Hampshire Motor Speedway.

Results

Champions

Click here for a list of all champions including 1948–84 National Modified champions.

Rookie of the Year

Most Popular Driver Award

Pre-tour Most Popular Driver Award

All-time top 10 drivers

The following drivers were named to the NASCAR Modified all-time top 10 list in 2003 :

Notes and references

1. ^{{cite web|last=Jeremy|first=Davidson|title=NASCAR Featherlight Modified Series - Turning 20|url=http://stockcarracing.automotive.com/83290/scrp-0412-nascar-featherlite-modified-series/index.html|publisher=Automotive.com|accessdate=28 September 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412121210/http://stockcarracing.automotive.com/83290/scrp-0412-nascar-featherlite-modified-series/index.html|archivedate=12 April 2010|df=}}
2. ^2006 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour Media Guide. NASCAR, Daytona Beach, Florida, USA.
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.livinglegendsofautoracing.com/drivers_pages/drivers_red_by.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2006-05-18 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20061105121024/http://www.livinglegendsofautoracing.com/drivers_pages/drivers_red_by.html |archivedate=2006-11-05 |df= }}
4. ^¹"Through the Years at Shangri-La: The Final Chapter". Monnat, Michael E. Gater Racing News, August 26, 2005.
5. ^¹²³⁴⁵⁶Bourcier, Bones. RICHIE!: The Fast Life and Times of NASCAR's Greatest Modified Driver (1st ed., 2004). Newburyport, Massachusetts, USA: Coastal 181. {{ISBN|0-9709854-6-0}}
6. ^Jewett, Larry: "Innovations in Safety", Stock Car Racing ({{ISSN|0734-7340}}), Vol. 35, No. 5 (May 2000), pp. 62–63.
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://racedayct.com/2016/10/come-together-whelen-modified-tour-and-whelen-southern-mod-tour-to-merge-for-2017/|title=Come Together: Whelen Modified Tour And Whelen Southern Mod Tour To Merge For 2017|website=racedayct.com|access-date=2019-02-02}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.motorsport.com/nascar/news/nascar-ted-christopher-killed-plane-crash-954185/3046812/|title=NASCAR Modified legend Ted Christopher killed in plane crash|website=www.motorsport.com|language=en|access-date=2019-02-02}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/NASCARHomeTrack/status/910159135353839617|title=#NASCAR have this decal at @NHMS in remembrance of Ted Christopher this weekendpic.twitter.com/xDzWe8Qhd2|last=Tracks|first=NASCAR Home|date=2017-09-19|website=@NASCARHomeTrack|language=en|access-date=2019-02-02}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=https://speed51.com/pitkat-tabbed-to-drive-no-82-modified-at-new-hampshire/|title=Pitkat to Drive No. 82 Modified in TC’s Honor at NHMS {{!}} Speed 51 {{!}} 100% Short Track Racing|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}
11. ^{{Cite web|url=https://speed51.com/stafford-to-retire-ted-christophers-number-13/|title=Stafford to Retire Ted Christopher’s Number 13 {{!}} Speed 51 {{!}} 100% Short Track Racing|language=en-US|access-date=2019-02-02}}
12. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.sbnation.com/nascar/2017/3/8/14851320/las-vegas-motor-speedway-2nd-nascar-cup-series-race-new-hampshire-motor-speedway-2018-schedule|title=Las Vegas to get 2nd NASCAR Cup Series race in 2018|last=Bianchi|first=Jordan|date=2017-03-08|website=SBNation.com|access-date=2019-02-02}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hometracks.nascar.com/2018/10/31/south-boston-added-to-2019-whelen-modified-tour-schedule/|title=South Boston Added To 2019 Whelen Modified Tour Schedule – NASCAR Home Tracks|website=hometracks.nascar.com|access-date=2019-02-02}}
14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hometracks.nascar.com/2019/02/22/fanschoice-tv-to-live-stream-entire-regional-series-schedule/|title=FansChoice.TV To Live Stream Entire Regional Series Schedule – NASCAR Home Tracks|website=hometracks.nascar.com|access-date=2019-03-10}}