| 词条 | National Air Force of Angola | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| unit_name = National Air Force of Angola Força Aérea Nacional de Angola | image = File:Forca Aerea Angola emblem.svg | image_size = 180 | caption = Angolan Air Force emblem | dates = 21 January 1976 – Present | country = Angola | allegiance = | branch = Air force | type = | role = Aerial warfare | size = 285–348 aircraft | command_structure = Angolan Armed Forces | garrison = Luanda | garrison_label = General command | equipment = | equipment_label = | nickname = FAN or FANA | battles = Angolan Civil War | anniversaries = | decorations = | battle_honours = | current_commander = Francisco Lopes Gonçalves Afonso | current_commander_label = General | notable_commanders = | identification_symbol = | identification_symbol_label = Roundel | identification_symbol_2 = | identification_symbol_2_label = | aircraft_attack = Su-25, Su-22 | aircraft_fighter = Su-27, MiG-23, MiG-21 | aircraft_helicopter = Mi- 8, C.212 | aircraft_helicopter_attack = Mi-24/35 | aircraft_interceptor = | aircraft_recon = | aircraft_patrol = Fokker F27, EMB-110 | aircraft_trainer = Yak-11, PC-7, Embraer EMB 312 Tucano | aircraft_transport = C-130 Hercules, An-12, An-26 }} The National Air Force of Angola or FANA (Portuguese: Força Aérea Nacional de Angola) is the air branch of the Armed Forces of Angola. With an inventory of more than 300 aircraft, FANA is (on paper) one of the largest air forces of Africa. HistoryAngola became independent from Portugal on 11 November 1975. However, the foundations for the establishment of the air force were laid before independence when members of the then Flying Club of Angola (Aeroclube de Angola) were assembled at Luanda in October 1975.[1] These people and aircraft left behind by the Portuguese Air Force formed the basis for the air transport branch of the force. The force was formally established on 21 January 1976 as the People's Air Force of Angola / Air and Antiaircraft Defense or FAPA/DAA (Força Aérea Popular de Angola / Defesa Aérea e Antiaérea). Its first batch of Soviet MiG fighter aircraft was delivered in mid-December 1975.[1] The FAPA/DAA fought several battles with South African Air Force aircraft in November 1981, October 1982, and twice in September 1987.[2] Circa 1983-85, in order to enhance MPLA's combat capacity, Romania sent 150 flight instructors and other aviation personnel, who contributed to the establishment of an Angolan Military Aviation School. The FANA has bases at Luanda, Catumbela, Belas, Luena, Kuito, Lubango and Moçâmedes. The World Factbook, produced by the CIA, reported that by 2007 the name of the force had changed to "National Air Force".[3] Most of the inventory is out of service, and refers to historical equipment delivered along the years. FAN has many bases – most of them, former Portuguese Air Force bases and other courtesy of the cold war – but few airplanes that actually fly. The main body of the active air force is made of transport/cargo planes, used for moving supplies, equipment and personnel between parts of the country. OrganizationThe National Air Force of Angola is headed by the Chief of Staff of the FANA (Chefe do Estado-Maior da FANA). The Chief of Staff of the FANA is a General directly subordinate to the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Angola. FANA follows a Russian/ex-Soviet organizational model, with its air units being aviation regiments (regimentos de aviação), each one including several squadrons (esquadrões). To each of the six aviation regiments corresponds an air base. Besides the aviation regiments, there is also a Pilot Training School. Its order of battle is:
AircraftCurrent inventory
Accidents and incidentsOn 14 September 2011, an Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia, operated by the Angolan Air Force, crashed just after takeoff from Nova Lisboa Airport,[15] killing 11 army officers (including three generals, among them Kalias Pedro) and six civilians.[16][17] The accident occurred at 11:30 am at the airport, with a military delegation on board the flight at Albano Machado Airport.[18] References1. ^1 {{Cite book|author1=Cooper, Tom |author2=Weinert, Peter |lastauthoramp=yes |title= African MiGs: Volume I: Angola to Ivory Coast |publisher= Harpia Publishing LLC |year= 2010 |isbn= 978-0-9825539-5-4|page=17}} 2. ^Cooper and Weinert 2010, 52, 54, 60. 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://fanangola.webnode.pt/news/for%C3%A7a%20aerea%20nacional,%2035%20anos%20%2821-01-1976%20a%2021-01-2011%29/ |publisher=fanangola.webnode.pt |title=Non official site with history of FAN |accessdate=21 August 2011 |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331014339/http://fanangola.webnode.pt/news/for%C3%A7a%20aerea%20nacional,%2035%20anos%20(21-01-1976%20a%2021-01-2011)/ |archive-date=31 March 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 4. ^{{cite web|url = http://forms.flightglobal.com/WorldAirForces2015?product=PREM&mode=DOWNLOAD&DMDcode=FGWC4&fcid=%7B05ceef25-b72e-4bea-9a83-a7ab7d02e55a%7D_FC078_PREM_201412&fcfileext=pdf|title = World Air Forces 2015 pg. 10|work = |publisher = Flightglobal Insight|year = 2015|doi = |accessdate = 18 December 2014|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150324102339/http://forms.flightglobal.com/WorldAirForces2015?product=PREM&mode=DOWNLOAD&DMDcode=FGWC4&fcid=%7B05ceef25-b72e-4bea-9a83-a7ab7d02e55a%7D_FC078_PREM_201412&fcfileext=pdf|archive-date = 24 March 2015|dead-url = no|df = dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203763.html |title=World Air Forces 2001 pg. 35 |publisher=flightglobal.com |date= |accessdate=10 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120925/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203763.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203763.html |title=World Air Forces 2001 pg. 35 |publisher=flightglobal.com |date= |accessdate=10 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402120925/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2001/2001%20-%203763.html |archive-date=2 April 2015 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }} 7. ^{{cite web|last1=Binnie|first1=Jeremy|title=Angola receives first Su-30K fighters|url=http://www.janes.com/article/74238/|website=IHS Jane's 360|accessdate=22 September 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170922191505/http://www.janes.com/article/74238/angola-receives-first-su-30k-fighters|archivedate=22 September 2017|date=20 September 2017|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 {{cite web|last =|first =|url =https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/insight-from-flightglobal-world-air-forces-on-the-r-432247/|title =World Air Forces 2017|work =|publisher =Flightglobal Insight|year =2017|doi =|accessdate =19 March 2017|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20170729020304/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/insight-from-flightglobal-world-air-forces-on-the-r-432247/|archive-date =29 July 2017|dead-url =no|df =dmy-all}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Angola receives maritime surveillance aircraft from Israel|url=http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49594:african-country-receives-maritime-surveillance-aircraft-from-israel&catid=35:Aerospace&Itemid=107|website=Defence Web|accessdate=19 October 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20171019154529/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=49594:african-country-receives-maritime-surveillance-aircraft-from-israel&catid=35:Aerospace&Itemid=107|archivedate=19 October 2017|date=16 October 2017}} 10. ^{{cite magazine|last=Martin|first=Guy|title=Angola acquires Citation MPA|magazine=Air International|date=December 2017|volume=93|issue=6|page=11|issn=0306-5634}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?omni=Home-N-Number&nNumberTxt=54FT|title=FAA Registry: N-Number Inquiry Results: N54FT|publisher=Federal Aviation Authority|accessdate=27 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201043836/http://registry.faa.gov/aircraftinquiry/NNum_Results.aspx?omni=Home-N-Number&nNumberTxt=54FT|archive-date=1 December 2017|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 12. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/angolan-air-force-embraer-transport-crashes-362052/ |title= Angolan Air Force embraer crash |publisher= .flightglobal.com |date= |accessdate= 18 December 2014 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141223031452/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/angolan-air-force-embraer-transport-crashes-362052/ |archive-date= 23 December 2014 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=45642&catid=74&Itemid=30 |title= Angolan Air Force to receive two AW139s |publisher= defenceweb.co.za |date= |accessdate= 19 March 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170322170528/http://www.defenceweb.co.za/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=45642&catid=74&Itemid=30 |archive-date= 22 March 2017 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }} 14. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2002/2002%20-%203463.html |title= World Air Forces 2002 pg. 35 |publisher= flightglobal.com |date= |accessdate= 21 March 2015 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113331/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/2002/2002%20-%203463.html |archive-date= 2 April 2015 |dead-url= no |df= dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite web|title=Accident Description|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20110914-0|accessdate=15 September 2011|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|date=14 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924095237/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20110914-0|archive-date=24 September 2011|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14920966|title=Angola: Huambo air force plane crash kills generals|periodical=BBC News|date=15 September 2011|accessdate=15 March 2012|postscript={{inconsistent citations}}|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915171622/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14920966|archive-date=15 September 2011|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Angola army says 17 killed in air crash|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/09/15/angola-army-says-17-killed-in-air-crash.html|accessdate=15 September 2011|publisher=Dawn.com|date=14 September 2011}} 18. ^{{cite web|title=17 Killed in Wednesday Air Force plane crash|url=http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/en_us/noticias/politica/2011/8/37/Killed-Wednesay-Air-Force-plane-crash,d2a26ba7-a8ee-496a-a10c-1c706e9309f8.html|accessdate=15 September 2011|publisher=Angola Press Agency|date=15 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327132512/http://www.portalangop.co.ao/motix/en_us/noticias/politica/2011/8/37/Killed-Wednesay-Air-Force-plane-crash,d2a26ba7-a8ee-496a-a10c-1c706e9309f8.html|archive-date=27 March 2012|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} Further reading
5 : Military of Angola|Air forces by country|Aviation in Angola|Military units and formations established in 1976|Military aviation in Africa |
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