请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 National Astronomical Observatory (Mexico)
释义

  1. History

     Mexico City  Puebla  Baja California 

  2. Telescopes

      Current    {{anchor|San Pedro Martir Telescope}} Under construction  

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Infobox observatory
|name = National Astronomical Observatory (Mexico)
|background =
|image = Observatorio de San Pedro Martir.jpg
|caption = Dome of the 2.1 m telescope on San Pedro Mártir
|organization = National Autonomous University of Mexico
|code =
|location = Sierra San Pedro Mártir,
Baja California state,
Northwestern Mexico.
|coords = {{Coord|31.0439|-115.4637|type:landmark_region:MX|display=inline,title}}
|altitude = {{Convert|2800|m|ft|sp=us}}
|weather =
|established = {{Start date|1878}}
|closed =
|website = {{URL|http://haro.astrossp.unam.mx/oanspm/index.php |OAN SPM}}
|telescope1_name = {{Nobold|unnamed telescope}}
|telescope1_type = 2.1 m reflector
|telescope2_name = {{Nobold|unnamed telescope}}
|telescope2_type = 1.5 m reflector
|telescope3_name = {{Nobold|unnamed telescope}}
|telescope3_type = 0.8 m reflector
|telescope4_name =
|telescope4_type =
}}

The National Astronomical Observatory (Spanish: Observatorio Astronómico Nacional—OAN) is an astronomical observatory in Baja California, Mexico.

History

Mexico City

The observatory was first established on the balcony of Chapultepec Castle in Mexico City in 1878. The observatory has been operated by the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) since 1929.[1]

It was later moved to Palacio del Ex-Arzobispado in Tacubaya, then on the outskirts of the city on the west side of the Federal District. The location is remembered by the name Metro Observatorio, the terminal station of the Line 1 of the Mexico City Metro located nearby.[1][2]

Puebla

In the middle of the 20th century, OAN had to move from the increasingly crowded and polluted Valley of Mexico, to Tonantzintla in Puebla state, Central Mexico.

Baja California

In 1967 excessive air pollution and night light pollution caused another move, from Puebla to atop the Sierra San Pedro Mártir mountain range of Baja California state in Northwestern Mexico. The San Pedro Mártir OAN site has been found to have excellent astronomical seeing.[5] [1]

Telescopes

Current

There are six optical telescopes on the summit of the Sierra San Pedro Mártir at the OAN complex[3]:

  • The {{Convert|2.12|m|in|abbr=on}} telescope was built between 1974 and 1979 and is tied as Mexico's largest optical telescope. It has a Ritchey-Chrétien (RC) design, with secondary mirrors of f/7.5, f/13.5 or f/30. Direct imaging and optical spectroscopy are performed with a number of different charge-couple devices and spectrographs.[8]
  • The {{Convert|1.52|m|in|abbr=on}} telescope was built by the University of Arizona (UA) Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL). It was installed in 1970 with the assistance of LPL.[9] It has an RC design, and direct imaging, optical spectroscopy, and photometry are done with a f/13.5 secondary mirror.[10]
  • The {{Convert|0.84|m|in|abbr=on}} telescope was loaned to UNAM by UA in the late 1960s and was the first to be installed at the site.[11] It has an RC design, and direct imaging, optical spectroscopy, and photometry are done with a f/15 secondary mirror.[12]
  • The {{Convert|0.6|m|in|abbr=on}} Javier Gorosabel Telescope is the fifth telescope in the BOOTES network. It has an f/8 RC design, and began operations in 2015. The BOOTES-5 project is a collaboration between the Institute of Astronomy of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), the Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA), Spain, and the Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) in South Korea.
  • The {{Convert|0.5|m|in|abbr=on}} COATLI telescope is a collaboration between the UNAM Institute of Astronomy and Arizona State University. It began operations in 2016 and has an f/8 RC design.
  • The Deca-Degree Optical Transient Imager (DDOTI) will consist of six {{Convert|28|cm|in|abbr=on}} f/2.2 Celestron Rowe-Ackermann Schmidt Astrographs on a single mount, two of which became operational in 2017. This project is a collaboration between the UNAM Institute of Astronomy, Arizona State University, the University of Maryland, the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, and the Haute-Provence Observatory.

{{anchor|San Pedro Martir Telescope}} Under construction

Construction has begun on the new San Pedro Martir Telescope (SPMT), a large infrared survey telescope at the OAN complex, with first light planned for the 2017-2020 period. Mirror fabrication for the SPMT began in 2009, with a 6.5m aperture optimized for wide angle infrared survey work. The primary instrument would be a 124 x 2k x 2k pixel infrared detector array with a 1 degree FOV prosecuting the Synoptic All-Sky Infrared Survey (SASIR), a four-year, deep all-sky survey.[4][5] As of November 2017, the project is still awaiting funding, but construction is expected to be completed by 2023.[6]

See also

  • {{C|Astronomical observatories in Mexico}}
  • Guillermo Haro Observatory
  • List of observatories

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nosotrosdiario.mx/ampliaran-linea-12-hacia-observatorio-22460|title=Ampliarán Línea 12 hacia Observatorio|date=2013-01-29|accessdate=2013-09-04|work=nosotrosdiario|language=spanish|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220064217/http://www.nosotrosdiario.mx/ampliaran-linea-12-hacia-observatorio-22460|archivedate=2013-12-20|df=}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://historiadelaastronomia.wordpress.com/contribuciones/biro_mexico/|title=La fundación del Observatorio Astronómico Nacional en México|date=2013-01-29|accessdate=2013-09-04|work=Wordpress|language=spanish}}
3. ^Telescopios
4. ^ http://www.iac.es/congreso/10mScience/media/presentations/Jose_Franco-SASIR-10Science.pdf
5. ^[https://38719065-a-62cb3a1a-s-sites.googlegroups.com/site/sasirworkshop/files/bloom_sasir_thursday.pdf?attachauth=ANoY7cooYdFK2fQ42nJXJ23gDOLq94auJCbUOzECWAMHumqVKnfzaUQRD2AOU9cLKeniJ3FcjWNZHWtl7an-9Nj4knEuP4UYe4KDYkqZ0Cd3eQtbZw6i0B_WPuoVVpdkzeb_iqrf2cEbmgGSscwWYFtScSRnqnvKeclzluLIgD3sv0GK2-8UCe19d94P52JcH26aQJdfPqANzpFyGMxk0qEe4hYJrr_RFnF56iik4qzZ9OZZdluczWs%3D&attredirects=0 SASIR Workshop 28 April 2010]
6. ^[https://news.azpm.org/p/news-topical-sci/2017/11/13/119939-universities-in-us-and-mexico-partner-on-telescope-project/ Universities in U.S. and Mexico Partner on Telescope Project]. Arizona Public Media, 13 November 2017.
7. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Bohigas |first=J. |display-authors=2 |author2=Nuñez, J. M. |author3=Guillén, P. F. |author4=Lazo, F. |author5=Hiriart, D. |author6=Calvario, T. |author7=Escoboza, O. |author8=Valdez, J. |author9=Córdova, A. |author10= Sohn, E. |title=Site Prospection at San Pedro Mártir |journal=Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica |date=April 2008 |pages=231–242 |bibcode=2008RMxAA..44..231B }}
8. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=Página del Observatorio Astronómico Nacional |url=http://www.astrossp.unam.mx/indexspm.html |publisher=Instituto de Astronomía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |accessdate=2012-01-11}}
9. ^1 {{cite web |title=Telescopios de 2.1 metros |url=http://www.astrossp.unam.mx/~sectec/web/telescopios/2mt.html |publisher=Instituto de Astronomía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |accessdate=2012-01-11}}
10. ^1 {{cite web |last=Kuiper |first=Gerard P. |title=NO. 172 THE LUNAR AND PLANETARY LABORATORY AND ITS TELESCOPES |url=http://www.lpl.arizona.edu/sic/journal/pdfs/172_Kuiper_CommLPL_1972.pdf |publisher=University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory |date=1972-12-31 |accessdate=2012-01-16 }}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
11. ^1 {{cite web |title=Telescopios de 1.5 metros |url=http://www.astrossp.unam.mx/~sectec/web/telescopios/150cm.html |publisher=Instituto de Astronomía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |accessdate=2012-01-11}}
12. ^1 {{cite journal |last=Wehinger |first=P. |title=El Observatorio de San Pedro Mártir: A World-Class Site for Large Telescopes |journal=Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica (Serie de Conferencias) |date=June 2007 |volume=28 |series=1-8 |bibcode=2007RMxAC..28....1W }}
13. ^1 {{cite web |title=Telescopios de 84 cm |url=http://www.astrossp.unam.mx/~sectec/web/telescopios/84cm.html |publisher=Instituto de Astronomía de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México |accessdate=2012-01-11}}
[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]
}}

External links

{{Commons category|National Astronomical Observatory (Mexico)|position=left}}
  • Astrossp.unam: Official OAN SPM homepage — Observatorio Astronómico Nacional, San Pedro Mártir.
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20120115190611/http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/ia/ Astroscu.unam: UNAM Institute of Astronomy]
  • UNAM—Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México homepage
{{National Autonomous University of Mexico}}

5 : Astronomical observatories in Mexico|Buildings and structures in Baja California|National Autonomous University of Mexico|Education in Baja California|1878 establishments in Mexico
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/13 21:55:58