“National Wildfire Coordinating Group”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

National Wildfire Coordinating Group

释义

SmoC
Impact
National Incident Management Organization
References
External links

{{multiple issues|{{cleanup|reason=poorly formatted|date=January 2014}}{{cleanup reorganize|date=January 2014}}{{close paraphrasing|date=January 2014}}{{lead rewrite|date=January 2014}}
}}

The National Wildfire Coordinating Group (NWCG) was formed in the United States as a result of the aftermath of a major wildfire season in 1970.

The 1970 fire season underscored the need for a national set of training and equipment standards which would be standardized across the different agencies. NWCG included representatives from the United States Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Association of State Foresters.

After a series of meetings in the early 1970s, the NWCG was officially chartered by the Secretaries of the Interior and Agriculture in 1976.

Among the notable results of the NWCG has been the adoption of the Interagency Fire Qualifications Rating system, more commonly known among firefighters as the "red card" qualification system; the establishment of the series of training classes associated with the red card system (such as the basic wildland fire course, S-130/S-190); the establishment of an interagency fire training center at Marana, Arizona; the publication of training manuals such as the Fireline Handbook; and the Resource Ordering Status System.

NWCG was formed independently of two other programs which also formed in the 1970s out of the need for greater interagency coordination: the Boise Interagency Fire Center (now the National Interagency Fire Center), and the FIRESCOPE program in southern California.

SmoC

The NWCG oversees the Smoke Committee (SmoC), an advisory group that addresses strategies and guidance for addressing smoke within fire and fuels programs nationwide.

The Committee's web page describes itself as a forum where air resource and wildland fire management programs and member agencies will discuss and attempt to resolve technical, regulatory and policy matters of joint interest concerning fire emissions and air quality impacts on firefighter and public safety and health from planned and unplanned fires.^[1]

Impact

The NWCG has a list of accomplishments they have had a hand in since its creation

Development of interagency fire training programs; State and Federal fire personnel have the same training background.
Development of fire chemical standards reduce environmental impact and increase cost effectiveness.
Implementation of the National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) including a common on incident organizational management system, a National Interagency Wildland Fire Qualifications Guide, associated training, and supporting technologies.
Standardization of Federal air tanker and helicopter contracts.
Standardization of radio frequency agreement format for sharing specific radio frequencies at the local level.
Development of fire prevention training materials and guides.
Standardization of fire cache equipment leading to equipment compatibility and use by all fire organizations.
The step test and/or one and a half mile run was adopted as the standard measure of physical fitness.
The National Interagency Incident Management System was developed; along with its operational organization, the Incident Command System.
Prescribed fire qualifications, monitoring, and smoke management guides were published.
A new generation of training packages evolved for the Incident Command System.
A performance based qualification system the Incident Command System and Suppression fire training and qualification curricula were refined and revised.
Publication of the ICS National training curriculum for All-Risk users.
Computer study to better link all wildland fire agencies to a common system.
Expanding use of typical wildland resources into all-risk applications in support of the Federal Emergency Management Agency.
Prescribed fire and qualification and training system approved and courses developed.

National Incident Management Organization

In 2003, an Interagency Team identified strategies to improve incident management. The NWCG accepted the conclusions of the study in 2005 and the National Incident Management Organization (NIMO) was formed. The NIMO is a seven-member team of professional incident managers with complex incident management as their primary focus. In addition to incident management NIMO provides training, leadership development and other support activities.^[2]

References

1. ^{{cite web |title=SmoC |url=http://www.nwcg.gov/branches/ppm/smoc/index.htm |publisher=National Wildfire Coordination Group |accessdate=18 October 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527091117/http://www.nwcg.gov/branches/ppm/smoc/index.htm |archivedate=27 May 2010 |df= }}
2. ^"What is the National Incident Management Organization?"

Pyne, Stephen J., Fire In America, 1982 University of Washington Press.

External links

{{official website|http://www.nwcg.gov}}

4 : Wildland fire suppression agencies|United States Forest Service|United States Department of the Interior|Firefighting in the United States

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。