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词条 Naum Akhiezer
释义

  1. Biography

  2. Work

  3. Some publications

     Books in analysis  History of mathematics 

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}{{Infobox scientist
| name = Naum Akhiezer
| image = Naum Iljitsch Achijeser.jpg
| image_size = 200px
| caption = Naum Ilyich Akhiezer
| birth_date = {{birth date|1901|03|06|df=y}}
| birth_place = Cherykaw, Russian Empire (present-day Belarus)
| death_date = {{death date and age|1980|06|03|1901|03|06|df=y}}
| death_place = Kharkiv, USSR
| nationality = USSR
| fields = Mathematics
| alma_mater = Kiev Institute of Public Education
| workplaces = Kharkov State University, Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, Kharkiv Aviation Institute
| doctoral_advisor = Dmitry Grave
| doctoral_students = Boris Levitan
| known_for = Akhiezer polynomials, Baker–Akhiezer function, Akhiezer–Krein–Favard theorem, Akhiezer's theorem
| awards =
}}

Naum Ilyich Akhiezer ({{lang-ru|link=no|Нау́м Ильи́ч Ахие́зер}}; 6 March 1901 – 3 June 1980) was a Soviet mathematician of Jewish origin, known for his works in approximation theory and the theory of differential and integral operators.[1][2][3] He is also known as the author of classical books on various subjects in analysis, and for his work on the history of mathematics. He is the brother of the theoretical physicist Aleksander Akhiezer.

Biography

Naum Akhiezer was born in Cherykaw (now in Belarus). He studied in the Kiev Institute of Public Education (now Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv). In 1928, he defended his PhD thesis "Aerodynamical Investigations" under the supervision of Dmitry Grave. From 1928 to 1933, he worked at the Kiev University and at the Kiev Aviation Institute.

In 1933, Naum Akhiezer moved to Kharkiv. From 1933 to his death, except for the years of war and evacuation, he was a professor at Kharkov University and at other institutes in Kharkiv. From 1935 to 1940 and from 1947 to 1950 he was director of the Kharkov Institute of Mathematics and Mechanics. For many years he headed the Kharkov Mathematical Society.

Work

Akhiezer obtained important results in approximation theory (in particular, on extremal problems, constructive function theory, and the problem of moments), where he masterly applied the methods of the geometric theory of functions of a complex variable (especially, conformal mappings and the theory of Riemann surfaces) and of functional analysis.[2][3] He found the fundamental connection between the inverse problem for important classes of differential and finite difference operators of the second order with a finite number of gaps in the spectrum, and the Jacobi inversion problem for Abelian integrals.[3] This connection led to explicit solutions of the inverse problem for the so-called finite-gap operators.

Some publications

Books in analysis

  1. {{Cite book |last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И. |title=Избранные труды по теории функций и математической физике (vol. 1–2)|trans-title=Selected works in function theory and mathematical physics|publisher=Acta |location=Kharkiv |year=2001 }}
  2. {{cite book|last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title=Лекции об интегральных преобразованиях|year=1984|publisher=Vishcha Shkola|location=Kharkov}} English translation: {{Cite book |first=N. I. |last=Akhiezer |title=Lectures on Integral Transforms |publisher=American Mathematical Society |location=Providence, RI |year=1988 |mr=0971981}}
  3. {{Cite book |last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И. |title=Вариационное исчисление |location=Kharkov |publisher=Vishcha Shkola|year=1981}}. English translation: {{Cite book |first=N. I. |last=Akhiezer |title=The calculus of variations. |location=Chur |publisher=Harwood Academic Publishers|year=1988|isbn=3-7186-4805-9|mr=0949441}}
  4. {{cite book|last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title=Теория линейных операторов в Гильбертовом пространстве (vol. 1–2)|edition=3rd|year=1977–1978|publisher=Vishcha Shkola|location=Kharkov}}. English translation: {{Cite book |first=N.I. |last=Akhiezer |first2=I.M. |last2=Glazman |title=Theory of Linear Operators in Hilbert Space (vol. 1 – 2)|publisher=Pitman (Advanced Publishing Program) |location=Boston, Mass. – London |year=1981|mr=0615736|edition=3rd}}
  5. {{Cite book |last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title=Элементы теории эллиптических функций |publisher=Nauka |location=Moscow |year=1970 }} English translation: {{Cite book |first=N. I. |last=Akhiezer |title=Elements of the theory of elliptic functions |publisher=American Mathematical Society |location=Providence, RI |year=1990|isbn=0-8218-4532-2|mr=1054205 }}
  6. {{cite book|last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title=Классическая проблема моментов и некоторые вопросы анализа, связанные с нею|year= 1961|publisher=Gosudarstv. Izdat. Fiz.-Mat. Lit.|location=Moscow}} English translation: {{Cite book |first=N. I. |last=Akhiezer |title=The Classical Moment Problem and Some Related Questions in Analysis |publisher=Oliver & Boyd |year=1965 }}
  7. {{Cite book |last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title= Лекции по теории аппроксимации|edition=2nd|publisher=Nauka |location=Moscow |year=1965 }} English translation (of the 1st edition): {{Cite book |first=N. I. |last=Achiezer |title=Theory of approximation |others=Translated by Charles J. Hyman |publisher=Frederick Ungar Publishing |location=New York |year=1956 }}
  8. {{Cite book|last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|last2=Крейн |first2=М.Г.|title=О некоторых вопросах теории моментов|publisher=GONTI|location=Kharkov|year=1938}} English translation: {{cite book|last=Akhiezer|first=N.I.|last2=Krein|first2=M.G.|author2-link=Mark Krein|title=Some questions in the theory of moments|publisher=American Mathematical Society|location=Providence, R.I.|year = 1962|mr=0167806}}

History of mathematics

  1. {{cite book|last=Ахиезер|first=Н.И.|title=Академик С. Н. Бернштейн и его работы по конструктивноĭ теории функций |trans-title=Academician S. N. Bernstein and his work on the constructive theory of functions|year=1955|publisher=Izdat. Harʹkov. Gosudarstv. Univ |location=Kharkov}} German translation: {{cite journal|last=Akhiezer|first=N.I.|title=Das Akademiemitglied S.N.Bernstein und seine Arbeiten zur konstruktiven Funktionentheorie|journal=Mitt. Math. Sem. Giessen|year=2000|volume=240|mr=1755757}}
  2. {{cite journal|last=Ahiezer|first=N.I.|last2= Petrovskiĭ|first2=I.G.|author2-link=Ivan Petrovsky|title=The contribution of S. N. Bernšteĭn to the theory of partial differential equations|journal=Uspekhi Mat. Nauk|year=1961|volume=16|issue=2 (98)|pages=5–20|mr=0130816|language=Russian}}
  3. {{cite journal|last=Ahiezer|first=N.I.|title=On the spectral theory of Lamé's equation|journal=Istor.-Mat. Issled.|year=1978|pages=77–86|mr=0517631|language=Russian|volume=23}}
  4. {{cite book|last=Akhiezer|first=N.I.|chapter=Function theory according to Chebyshev|title=Mathematics of the 19th century|year=1998|pages=1–81|mr=1634233|publisher=Birkhäuser|location=Basel}}

References

1. ^{{MacTutor Biography|id=Akhiezer}}
2. ^1 NAUM IL’ICH AKHIEZER (ON THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH), by V. A. Marchenko, Yu. A. Mitropol’skii, A. V. Pogorelov, A. M. Samoilenko, I. V. Skrypnik, and E. Ya. Khruslov (restricted access)
3. ^1 2 {{cite journal|last=Lyubich|first=Yu.I.|title=Naum Ilʹich Akhiezer|journal=J. Math. Sci.|year=1995|volume=76|issue=4|pages=2441–2451|doi=10.1007/BF02364901}}

External links

  • {{MathGenealogy|id=83267}}
  • History of Approximation Theory (HAT) page
  • [https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:akhiezer.naum-ilyich Author profile] in the database zbMATH
{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Akhiezer, Naum Ilyich}}

13 : 1901 births|1980 deaths|People from Cherykaw|People from Mogilev Governorate|Belarusian Jews|20th-century Belarusian mathematicians|Soviet mathematicians|Jewish scientists|Functional analysts|Operator theorists|Approximation theorists|Mathematical analysts|Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni
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