| 词条 | Nazli Sabri |
| 释义 |
| title = Queen Consort of Egypt | consort = yes | name = Nazli Sabri | image = Nazlicoronation.jpg | alt = | caption =Sultana Nazli's coronation as Queen Nazli | succession = Sultana of Egypt[1] | reign = 26 May 1919 – 15 March 1922 | succession1 = Queen consort of Egypt | reign1 = 15 March 1922 – 28 April 1936 | spouse = {{marriage|Khalil Sabri |1918|1918|reason=div.}} {{marriage|Fuad I of Egypt |1919|1936|reason=d.}} | issue = Farouk I Fawzia, Queen of Iran Princess Faiza Princess Faika Princess Fathia | full name = Nazli Abdurrahim Sabri | house = House of Muhammad Ali (by marriage) | father = Abdul Rahman Sabri Pasha | mother = Tawfika Sharif | birth_date = {{birth date|1894|06|25|df=yes}} | birth_place = Alexandria, Khedivate of Egypt | death_date = {{death date and age|1978|05|29|1894|06|25|df=yes}} | death_place = Los Angeles, California, United States | place of burial = Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, California, United States | signature = | religion = Catholic Church {{small|prev. Sunni Islam}} }} Nazli Sabri ({{lang-ar|نزلي صبري / نازلى صبرى}}; {{lang-tr|Nazlı Sabri}}; 25 June 1894 – 29 May 1978) was the first Queen of Egypt from 1919 to 1936 as the second wife of King Fuad. Early lifeNazli was born on 25 June 1894 into a family of Turkish and French origin.[2][3] Her father was Abdur Rahim Sabri Pasha,[4] minister of agriculture and governor of Cairo, and her mother was Tawfika Khanum Sharif. Nazli had a brother, Sherif Sabri Pasha, and a sister, Amina Sabri.[4] She was the maternal granddaughter of Major General Muhammad Sharif Pasha, prime minister and minister of foreign affairs, who was of Turkish origin.[5] She was also a great-granddaughter of the French-born officer Suleiman Pasha.[6] Nazli first went to the Lycée de la Mère-de-Dieu in Cairo, and later to the Collège Notre-Dame de Sion in Alexandria. Following the death of her mother, she and her sister were sent to a boardingschool in Paris, France, for two years. After returning, Nazli was forced to marry her Turkish cousin, Khalil Sabri.[2] However, the marriage ended in divorce after eleven months.[2] After the separation, she stayed at the house of Safiya Zaghloul where she met Zaghloul's nephew Saeed Zaghloul; the two were engaged until Saeed broke up with her during his exile with his uncle Saad Zaghloul following the 1919 revolution.[2] QueenThe Sultan of Egypt, Fuad I first saw Nazli at an opera performance.[7] On 12 May 1919, Fuad proposed to her, although he was 25 years her senior. On 24 May 1919 Nazli married Sultan Fuad I at Bustan Palace, Cairo. It was the second marriage for both Nazli and Fuad.[7] She later moved to the haramlek in the Abbasiya Palace. She was under pressure from her husband to produce a son, and was warned that she would be confined to the haremlek if she did not do so. After the birth of their only son, Farouk, she was allowed to move into Koubbeh Palace -the official royal residence- with her husband.[8] When Fuad's title was altered to King, she was given the title of Queen. She then had four daughters: Fawzia, Faiza, Faika, and Fathiya. Restricted to the palace throughout most of Fuad's reign, she was permitted to attend opera performances, flower shows, and other ladies-only cultural events. As her upbringing had left her remarkably educated, cultured and emancipated for an Egyptian woman of the time, she found this prescribed existence backward and stifling.[9] It was said that whenever the royal couple fought, she was slapped by the king and confined to her suite for weeks. It was also alleged that she tried to commit suicide by overdosing on aspirin. Nazli accompanied the king during part of his four-month tour of Europe in 1927, and was much fêted in France because of her French ancestry. With the inauguration of Parliament in 1924, she was among the royal attendees at the opening ceremony, seated in a special section of the guest gallery.[2] Later yearsFollowing the death of King Fuad in 1936, her son Farouk became the new King of Egypt, and she became the Queen Mother. Her brother Sherif Sabri Pasha served on the three-member Regency Council that was formed during Farouk's minority. In 1946, Nazli left Egypt and went to the United States for treatment for a kidney ailment. In August 1950, King Farouk deprived the Queen Mother, and her daughter Princess Fathia of their rights and titles. This was due to latter's marriage, which Nazli supported, but was against Farouk's wishes, to Riyad Ghali Effendi, a Coptic Christian. Nazli later converted to Christianity, changing her name to Mary-Elizabeth.[9] In 1955 Nazli purchased, for $63,000, a 28-room mansion in Beverley Hills, where she lived with Fathia, her son-in-law, and their two children, and led an active social life.[10] In 1965, Nazli attended the funeral of Farouk, in Rome.[7] Following Fathia's divorce, Nazli moved to a small apartment in Westwood, Los Angeles, where Fathia eventually joined her after temporarily moving to Hawaii.[11][9] To meet debt demands, in 1975 Nazli sent her principal jewellery to auction at Sothebys, including a magnificent art deco tiara (720 diamonds weighing 274 carats) and matching necklace commissioned in 1938 from Van Cleef & Arpels.[12] They sold for $127,500 and $140,000 respectively. However, Nazli and Fathia still ended up in bankruptcy court. In 1978, Fathia's jewellery was also sold to meet debts.[11] In 1976, Nazli sent a request to the then President of Egypt, Anwar Sadat, that passports be provided to her and Princess Fathia to give them right of return to Egypt. Eventually she settled in the US, due to her painful illness. She died on 29 May 1978 in Los Angeles, California.[13] LegacyQueen Nazli's art deco necklace reappeared at a Sotheby's sale in December 2015. The Queen ordered the necklace with a matching tiara for her daughter's wedding. The necklace is formed by 600 round and baguette diamonds arranged in a sunburst motif.[14] Titles and styles{{Infobox British Royalty styles|own| name =Queen Nazli of Egypt | image = Coat of arms of Egypt (1922–1953).svg | dipstyle = Her Majesty | offstyle = Your Majesty | altstyle = Hanem }}
HonoursNational dynastic honour
Foreign honour
In popular cultureIn 2007, Queen Nazli was played by Egyptian actress Wafaa Amer in the Drama "El-malek Farouk".[22] In 2008, Rawia Rashed published a book about Queen Nazli, titled Nazli, Malika Fi El Manfa (Nazli, A Queen in Exile).[7] Based on this book, an Egyptian TV series provided an account for the life of Queen Nazli, Queen in Exile, starring Egyptian actress Nadia Al Jundi in 2010.[23] References1. ^1 {{cite journal|last=Rizk|first=Yunan Labib|date=13–19 April 2006|title=A palace wedding|journal=Al-Ahram Weekly|issue=790|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2006/790/chrncls.htm|accessdate=27 February 2010|quote=... Britain granted the rulers among the family the title of sultan, a naming that was also applied to their wives.|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100504063720/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2006/790/chrncls.htm|archivedate=4 May 2010|df=dmy-all}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{citation|last=Rosten|first=David B|year=2015|chapter=Queen Nazli Sabri|title=The Last Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative History of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 to 1953|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=149177939X}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Women whose husbands ruled the realm|url=http://www.egyptianeurope.org/history/01-02-09-04-02-06_firstladies.pdf|work=Egyptian Europe Organization|accessdate=6 September 2013|author=Samir Raafat|date=March 2005|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907052644/http://egyptianeurope.org/history/01-02-09-04-02-06_firstladies.pdf|archivedate=7 September 2013|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|author=Hassan Hassan|title=In the House of Muhammad Ali: A Family Album, 1805-1952|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=O0T5Yx6gyUgC&pg=PA46|accessdate=6 September 2013|date=1 January 2000|publisher=American Univ in Cairo Press|isbn=978-977-424-554-1|pages=46}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Goldschmidt|first=Arthur|year=2000|title=Biographical dictionary of modern Egypt|place=|publisher=Lynne Rienner Publishers|page=191|isbn=1-55587-229-8}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Weekend Nostalgia|url=http://mideasti.blogspot.com/2013/05/weekend-nostalgia-when-talaat-harb.html|work=The Middle East Journal|accessdate=6 September 2013|date=31 May 2013}} 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite news|url=http://www.masress.com/en/dailynews/113772|title=Revealing book on Queen Nazli depicts her tragic life in exile|author=Ahmed Maged|date=6 February 2008|newspaper=Daily News Egypt|accessdate=6 September 2013|location=Cairo}} 8. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.tn/books?id=Z7guCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT109&dq=Nazli+Sabri&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Nazli%20Sabri&f=false|title=The Last Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative History of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 to 1953|last=Rosten|first=David B.|date=2015-12-03|publisher=iUniverse|isbn=9781491779392|language=en}} 9. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.dailynewsegypt.com/2008/02/06/revealing-book-on-queen-nazli-depicts-her-tragic-life-in-exile/|title=Revealing book on Queen Nazli depicts her tragic life in exile|date=2008-02-05|website=Daily News Egypt|access-date=2016-08-31}} 10. ^Snapshots of Hollywood Collected at Random The Milwaukee Sentinel, 18 April 1955 11. ^1 Goodkind, Mike "Ex-princess loses last of fortune", The Free Lance Star, 21 September 1976 12. ^Former Queen Selling Jewels, Spokane Daily Chronicle, 28 October 1975 13. ^{{cite web|title=Nazli|url=http://abitofhistory.net/html/rhw/body_files/n_body.htm|work=A Bit of History|accessdate=6 September 2013}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.nationaljeweler.com/fashion/jewelry-auctions/1543-queen-s-necklace-sells-for-43m|title=Queen’s Necklace Sells For $4.3M|website=www.nationaljeweler.com|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-11-15}} 15. ^{{Cite journal|url=http://modernegypt.bibalex.org/DocumentViewer/TextViewer.aspx?w=1344&h=646&type=press&id=1976&s=1|script-title=ar:الملك فؤاد الأول أول أمير مصري يتزوج من الشعب وعلى منواله نسج الملك فاروق الأول|date=20 January 1938|journal=Al Sabah|page=29|language=Arabic |trans-title=King Fuad I, the First Egyptian Prince to Marry a Commoner, and King Farouk I Follows in His Footsteps|format=Reprint|accessdate=6 March 2010}} 16. ^{{Cite journal|date=8 August 1950|title=King Farouk Strips Queen Nazli of Title|journal=Daily Record|volume=41|issue=29|page=4|location=Ellensburg, WA|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=MWkKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=h0oDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4089,5096250|accessdate=7 March 2010}} 17. ^The Muhammad 'Ali Dynasty Royal Ark 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://arabianroyalsagency.tumblr.com/tagged/Queen-Nazli|title=The Arabian Royals Agency,,|author=The Arabian Royals Agency,,|work=The Arabian Royals Agency,}} 19. ^http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-WPufOtqJ8xs/T6dPj02cMYI/AAAAAAAANsM/4Ew6Hc7HWVo/s1600/ThreeConsortsEgypt.jpg 20. ^http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xdd1F7dCcl0/T6dOughnxFI/AAAAAAAANrU/xTsGuOqlpxI/s1600/Farouk_%2526_Farida_Marriage%252C.jpg 21. ^https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/ModernEgypt%2C_Wedding_of_Mohammad_Reza_Pahlavi_%26_Fawzia%2C_DHP13655-20-5_01.jpg 22. ^{{Citation|title=El-malek Farouk|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1400438/|others=Salah Abdallah, Ezzat Abou Aouf, Ezzat Abou-Oat|accessdate=2017-11-14}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.albawaba.com/latest-news/nadia-al-jundi-fails|title=Nadia Al Jundi fails|date=4 September 2010|work=Albawaba|accessdate=6 September 2013}}
Bibliography
External links
|-{{s-vac|last=Melek Tourhan}}{{s-ttl|title=Sultana of Egypt |years=1919–1922}}{{s-non|reason=Became Queen}}{{s-new|reason=Kingdom of Egypt established}}{{s-ttl|title=Queen consort of Egypt |years=1922–1936}}{{s-vac|next=Farida}}{{s-end}}{{Muhammad Ali Dynasty}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sabri, Nazli}} 17 : 1894 births|1978 deaths|Egyptian former Muslims|Egyptian people of Turkish descent|Egyptian queens consort|Egyptian Roman Catholics|Muhammad Ali dynasty|People from Alexandria|Queen mothers|Converts to Roman Catholicism from Islam|Burials at Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City|Egyptian people of French descent|Egyptian emigrants to the United States|20th-century Egyptian people|20th-century Egyptian women|19th-century Egyptian people|19th-century Egyptian women |
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