| 释义 |
- Description
- Genera
- See also
- Footnotes
- References
- External links
{{Automatic taxobox
| name = Funnel-web tarantulas
| fossil_range = Lower Cretaceous-Recent
| image = Calisoga sp. (Marshal Hedin).jpg
| image_upright = 1.1
| image_caption = Calisoga sp.
| taxon = Nemesiidae
| authority = Simon, 1892
| diversity_link = List of Nemesiidae species
| diversity = 41 genera, > 300 species
| range_map = Distribution.nemesiidae.1.png
| range_map_upright = 1.1
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text.
}}The Nemesiidae are a spider family of the infraorder Mygalomorphae.[1] They were formerly considered part of the Dipluridae family.[2] DescriptionNemesiidae are relatively large and robust spiders with robust legs.[3] Female Atmetochilus can grow over 4 cm in body length. These spiders live in burrows. Some finish these with a hinged door. They often push this door up and wait for passing prey. When they catch it they try not to leave their burrow. Sometimes a burrow has a side tube. It is not certain whether Sinopesa builds burrows.[4] Genera- Acanthogonatus Karsch, 1880 — South America
- Aname L. Koch, 1873 — Australia
- Atmetochilus Simon, 1887 — Burma
- Brachythele Ausserer, 1871 — USA, Europe
- Calisoga Chamberlin, 1937 — USA
- Chaco Tullgren, 1905 — South America
- Chenistonia Hogg, 1901 — Australia
- Chilelopsis Goloboff, 1995 — Chile
- Damarchus Thorell, 1891 — India, Southeast Asia
- Diplothelopsis Tullgren, 1905 — Argentina
- Entypesa Simon, 1902 — Madagascar, South Africa
- Flamencopsis Goloboff, 1995 — South America, South Africa
- Hermacha Simon, 1889 — Brazil
- Hermachura Mello-Leitão, 1923 — Brazil
- Iberesia Decae & Cardoso, 2006 — Majorca, Spain, Portugal
- Ixamatus Simon, 1887 — Australia
- Kwonkan Main, 1983 — Australia
- Lepthercus Purcell, 1902 — South Africa
- Longistylus Indicatti & Lucas, 2005 — Brazil
- Lycinus Thorell, 1894 — Chile, Argentina
- Merredinia Main, 1983 — Australia
- Mexentypesa Raven, 1987 — Mexico
- Namea Raven, 1984 — Australia
- Nemesia Audouin, 1826 — Europe, Africa, Cuba, China
- Neostothis Vellard, 1925 — Brazil
- Pionothele Purcell, 1902 — South Africa
- Prorachias Mello-Leitão, 1924 — Brazil
- Psalistopoides Mello-Leitão, 1934 — Brazil
- Pselligmus Simon, 1892 — Brazil
- Pseudoteyl Main, 1985 — Australia
- Pycnothele Chamberlin, 1917 — South America
- Rachias Simon, 1892 — Brazil, Argentina
- Raveniola Zonstein, 1987 — Turkey to China, Russia
- Sinopesa Raven & Schwendinger, 1995 — China, Ryukyu Islands
- Spiroctenus Simon, 1889 — South Africa
- Stanwellia Rainbow & Pulleine, 1918 — New Zealand, Australia
- Stenoterommata Holmberg, 1881 — South America
- Teyl Main, 1975 — Australia
- Teyloides Main, 1985 — Australia
- Xamiatus Raven, 1981 — Australia
- Yilgarnia Main, 1986 — Australia
See also- List of Nemesiidae species
- Spider families
Footnotes1. ^Raven, R.J. 1985. The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
2. ^Platnick 2009
3. ^Find-a-spider Guide {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060707100613/http://www.usq.edu.au/spider/info/families.htm |date=2006-07-07 }}
4. ^Murphy & Murphy 2000
References- Raven, R.J. (1985): The spider Infraorder Mygalomorphae (Araneae): cladistics and systematics. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 182: 1-180.
- Selden, P.A. (2001): Eocene spiders from the Isle of Wight with preserved respiratory structures. Palaeontology 44: 695-729. {{DOI|10.1111/1475-4983.00199}}
- Raven, R.J. (1987): A new mygalomorph spider genus from Mexico (Nemesiinae, Nemesiidae, Arachnida). J. Arachnol. 14: 357-362. PDF (Mexentypesa)
- Pesarini, C. (1988): Revision of the genus Pycnothele (Araneae, Nemesiidae). J. Arachnol. 16: 281-293. PDF
- Murphy, Frances & Murphy, John (2000): An Introduction to the Spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur.
- Rafael P. Indicatti & Sylvia M. Lucas (2005): Description of a new genus of Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae) from the Brazilian Cerrado. Zootaxa 1088: 11-16. PDF (Longistylus)
- Indicatti, Rafael P.; Lucas, Sylvia M.; Ott, Ricardo & Brescovit, Antonio D. (2008): Litter dwelling mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Microstigmatidae, Nemesiidae) from Araucaria forests in southern Brazil, with the description of five new species. Revista Brasileira de Zoologia 25(3): 529-546.
- Platnick, Norman I. (2009): The world spider catalog, version 10.0. American Museum of Natural History.
- Goloboff, Pablo A. (1995): A revision of the South American spiders of the family Nemesiidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Part 1, Species from Peru, Chile, Argentina, and Uruguay. Bulletin of the AMNH 224.
External links{{Wikispecies|Nemesiidae}}{{commons category|Nemesiidae}}- [https://web.archive.org/web/20050316095109/http://www.usq.edu.au/spider/find/family.htm#Nemesiidae Photographs of three species] (Aname sp., Ixamatus sp. and Namea salanitri)
- Pictures of Acanthogonus francki
{{Araneae}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q10669}} 3 : Nemesiidae|Mygalomorphae families|Extant Early Cretaceous first appearances |