| 词条 | Neolamprologus brichardi |
| 释义 |
| image = Neolamprologus brichardi.jpg | image_caption = "Pemba" Race | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [1] | taxon = Neolamprologus brichardi | authority = (Poll, 1974) }}Neolamprologus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to the alkaline waters of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.[2] It is a popular aquarium fish kept in the fishkeeping hobby,[2][3] where it is known under a variety of common names including Princess cichlid, Princess of Burundi, Lyretail cichlid, Fairy cichlid and Brichard's lamprologus.[3][4][5] In addition, the species is also the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour.[6][7][8] It is closely related to N. pulcher from the southern half of Lake Tanganyika (N. brichardi is more widespread) and some have recommended merging the two into a single species.[9] BehaviourN. brichardi is notable in a number of ways. This fish is a substrate spawner (lays eggs on substrate), utilizing the rocky rubble to do so. It is one of the few substrate-spawning cichlid that also schools. It is not unheard of to find a school numbering near 100,000 individuals within a 50 m square area. It is one of the few fish in Africa that utilizes a collective nursery. This means that adults, sub-adults, and even half-grown fry all participate in a multi-generational rearing of the fry. N. brichardi individuals not only care for their own fry but also the fry of those around them{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}, all while keeping vigil over other adults still actively spawning.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}} This is similar to the cooperative breeding system of a related species of cichlid, N. pulcher, in that N. pulcher individuals will care for the offspring of others. N. brichardi specializes on feeding from the rocky biocover, picking at small crustaceans and invertebrates. It will also feed on swarms of plankton when available. EtymologyThe specific name honours Pierre Brichard (1921-1990), an aquarium fish exporter based near Lake Tanganyika.[10] See also
References1. ^{{cite iucn | author = Bigirimana, C. | year = 2006 | title = Neolamprologus brichardi | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2006 | page = e.T60610A12383670 | url = http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60610A12383670.en | accessdate = 29 January 2019}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q134930}}2. ^1 {{FishBase species |genus= Neolamprologus|species= brichardi| month = February | year = 2013}} 3. ^1 {{cite book |last=Riehl |first=Rüdiger. Editor. |author2=Baensch, HA |title=Aquarium Atlas |year=1996|edition=5th |publisher=Tetra Press |location=Germany |isbn=978-3-88244-050-8}} 4. ^Mills D (1993) Aquarium Fish Harper Collins {{ISBN|0-7322-5012-9}} 5. ^Axelrod HR, Vorderwinkler W (1995) Encyclopedia of tropical fishes. 30th edition. Tropical Fish Hobbyist Publications, USA. 6. ^Dierkesa P, Taborskya M, Kohler U (1999)Reproductive parasitism of broodcare helpers in a cooperatively breeding fish Behavioral Ecology 10: 510-515 7. ^Balshine-Earn S, Lotem A (1998) Individual recognition in a cooperatively breeding cichlid : Evidence from video playback experiments Behaviour 135: 369-386 8. ^Wernera NY, Balshineb S, Leachc B, Lotem A (2003) Helping opportunities and space segregation in cooperatively breeding cichlids Behavioral Ecology 6: 749-756 9. ^Duftner; Sefc; Koblmüller; Taborsky; and Sturmbauer (2007). Parallel evolution of facial stripe patterns in the Neolamprologus brichardi/pulcher species complex endemic to Lake Tanganyika. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45: 706–715. 10. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.etyfish.org/cichlidae4/ | title = Order CICHLIFORMES: Family CICHLIDAE: Subfamily PSEUDOCRENILABRINAE (l-o) | accessdate = 29 January 2019 | author1 = Christopher Scharpf | author2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | last-author-amp = yes | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara | date = 4 December 2018}} 4 : Neolamprologus|Fish of Africa|Fish described in 1974|Taxa named by Max Poll |
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