| 释义 |
- Taxonomy
- Natural hybrids
- References
- Further reading
- External links
{{Speciesbox
|image = Nepenthes singalana2.jpg
|image_caption = Lower pitcher of Nepenthes singalana from Mount Belirang.
|status = VU
|status_system = IUCN2.3
|status_ref = [1]
|genus = Nepenthes
|species = singalana
|authority = Becc. (1886)
|synonyms ={{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=Synonyms
|Nepenthes junghuhnii
Macfarl. ex Ridl. (1917)
|Nepenthes pectinata
Danser (1928)
[=N. gymnamphora/N. singalana]
|N. pectinata × N. singalana
Danser (1928){{collapsible list|bullets = true
|title=Heterochresonyms
|Nepenthes singalana
auct. non Becc.: Macfarl. (1908)[2]
[=N. alba/N. singalana]
|Nepenthes singalana
auct. non Becc.: Macfarl. (1914)[3]
[=N. alba]
|Nepenthes singalana
auct. non Becc.: Tamin & M.Hotta in M.Hotta (1986) [=N. bongso/N. densiflora?/N. gymnamphora/N. lavicola/N. singalana/N. spathulata]
|}}Nepenthes singalana ({{IPAc-en|n|ᵻ|ˈ|p|ɛ|n|θ|iː|z|_|ˌ|s|ɪ|ŋ|ɡ|ə|ˈ|l|eɪ|n|ə}}; after Mount Singgalang, West Sumatra) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the island of Sumatra, where it grows at 2000–2900 m above sea level.[4] It is most closely allied to N. diatas and N. spathulata. TaxonomyIn 2001, Charles Clarke performed a cladistic analysis of the Nepenthes species of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia using 70 morphological characteristics of each taxon. The following is part of the resultant cladogram, showing "Clade 3", which comprises N. singalana and three other related species.[5] {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:80%
|label1=
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=N. densiflora
|label3=unnamed
|3={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=N. diatas
|label2=unnamed
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=N. singalana
|2=N. spathulata }} }} }} }} }}
}}Natural hybridsThe following natural hybrids involving N. singalana have been recorded. - N. aristolochioides × N. singalana[5]
- N. bongso × N. singalana[5]
- N. gymnamphora × N. singalana[5]
- N. inermis × N. singalana[6]
- ? N. singalana × N. spathulata[5]
References1. ^{{cite journal | author1 = Clarke, C.M. | author2 = Cantley, R. | author3 = Nerz, J. | author4 = Rischer, H. | author5 = Witsuba, A. | title = Nepenthes singalana | journal = IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2000 | page = e.T39696A10252340 | year = 2000 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/39696/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2000.RLTS.T39696A10252340.en | accessdate = 11 April 2017}}
2. ^Macfarlane, J.M. 1908. Nepenthaceae. In: A. Engler. Das Pflanzenreich IV, III, Heft 36: 1–91.
3. ^Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ.] [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24.] Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
4. ^McPherson, S.R. & A. Robinson 2012. Field Guide to the Pitcher Plants of Sumatra and Java. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
5. ^1 2 3 4 Clarke, C.M. 2001. Nepenthes of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia. Natural History Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu.
6. ^McPherson, S.R. 2009. Pitcher Plants of the Old World. 2 volumes. Redfern Natural History Productions, Poole.
Further reading{{Refbegin|30em}}- Bauer, U., C.J. Clemente, T. Renner & W. Federle 2012. Form follows function: morphological diversification and alternative trapping strategies in carnivorous Nepenthes pitcher plants. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 25(1): 90–102. {{DOI|10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02406.x}}
- Clarke, C. & C.C. Lee 2012. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131007001859/http://www.sbg.org.sg/Bulletin/166_1295.pdf A revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae) from Gunung Tahan, Peninsular Malaysia.] Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 64(1): 33–49.
- {{id icon}} Desti 2009. Anatomi daun dua jenis kantung semar (Nepenthes ampullaria Jack dan Nepenthes singalana Becc.). Thesis, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract
- Hernawati & P. Akhriadi 2006. A Field Guide to the Nepenthes of Sumatra. PILI-NGO Movement, Bogor.
- Macfarlane, J.M. 1914. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Family XCVI. Nepenthaceæ.] [pp. 279–288] In: J.S. Gamble. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33794727 Materials for a flora of the Malayan Peninsula, No. 24.] Journal & Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal 75(3): 279–391.
- {{id icon}} Mansur, M. 2001. {{cite web |url= http://elib.pdii.lipi.go.id/katalog/index.php/searchkatalog/downloadDatabyId/1286/1286.pdf |title= Koleksi Nepenthes di Herbarium Bogoriense: prospeknya sebagai tanaman hias |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20120319205635/http://elib.pdii.lipi.go.id/katalog/index.php/searchkatalog/downloadDatabyId/1286/1286.pdf |archivedate= 2012-03-19 |df= }} In: Prosiding Seminar Hari Cinta Puspa dan Satwa Nasional. Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, Bogor. pp. 244–253.
- {{de icon}} Meimberg, H. 2002. {{cite web|url= http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/1078/1/Meimberg_Harald.pdf |title=Molekular-systematische Untersuchungen an den Familien Nepenthaceae und Ancistrocladaceae sowie verwandter Taxa aus der Unterklasse Caryophyllidae s. l. }} Ph.D. thesis, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich.
- Meimberg, H. & G. Heubl 2006. Introduction of a nuclear marker for phylogenetic analysis of Nepenthaceae. Plant Biology 8(6): 831–840. {{DOI|10.1055/s-2006-924676}}
- Meimberg, H., S. Thalhammer, A. Brachmann & G. Heubl 2006. Comparative analysis of a translocated copy of the trnK intron in carnivorous family Nepenthaceae. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 39(2): 478–490. {{DOI|10.1016/j.ympev.2005.11.023}}
- Renner, T. & C.D. Specht 2011. A sticky situation: assessing adaptations for plant carnivory in the Caryophyllales by means of stochastic character mapping. International Journal of Plant Sciences 172(7): 889–901. {{DOI|10.1086/660882}}
- Ridley, H.N. 1915. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063599 Nepenthaceæ.] [pp. 168–169] In: [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/19063558 XIII. The botany of Gunong Tahan, Pahang.] Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 6: 127–202.
- Rottloff, S., U. Müller, R. Kilper & A. Mithöfer 2009. Micropreparation of single secretory glands from the carnivorous plant Nepenthes. Analytical Biochemistry 394(1): 135–137. {{DOI|10.1016/j.ab.2009.07.013}}
- Rottloff, S., R. Stieber, H. Maischak, F.G. Turini, G. Heubl & A. Mithöfer 2011. Functional characterization of a class III acid endochitinase from the traps of the carnivorous pitcher plant genus, Nepenthes. Journal of Experimental Botany 62(13): 4639–4647. {{DOI|10.1093/jxb/err173}}
- Shivas, R.G. 1984. {{cite web|url= http://carnivorousplants.org/cpn/articles/CPNv13n1p10_15.pdf |title=Three Nepenthes from the Padang Highlands }} Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 13(1): 10–15.
- {{id icon}} Syamsuardi & R. Tamin 1994. Kajian kekerabatan jenis-jenis Nepenthes di Sumatera Barat. Project report, Andalas University, Padang. Abstract
- {{id icon}} Syamsuardi 1995. Klasifikasi numerik kantong semar (Nepenthes) di Sumatera Barat. [Numerical classification of pitcher plants (Nepenthes) in West Sumatra.] Journal Matematika dan Pengetahuan Alam 4(1): 48–57. Abstract
- Wistuba, A. & H. Rischer 1996. Nepenthes lavicola, a new species of Nepenthaceae from the Aceh Province in the North of Sumatra. Carnivorous Plant Newsletter 25(4): 106-111.
{{Refend}}External links{{Commons|Nepenthes singalana}}- [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9zV4tVVD9s A lower pitcher of N. singalana] imaged using optical projection tomography
- [https://wikis.nbi.ac.uk/InnerWorlds/index.php/Nepenthes_species#.UThsWRyePAk Inner World of Nepenthes singalana from the John Innes Centre]
{{Nepenthes}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q150548}} 6 : Carnivorous plants of Asia|Nepenthes|Endemic flora of Sumatra|Plants described in 1886|Vulnerable flora of Asia|Taxa named by Odoardo Beccari |