“Newkirk Plaza (BMT Brighton Line)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Newkirk Plaza is an express station on the BMT Brighton Line of the New York City Subway in Flatbush, Brooklyn, served by the Q train at all times and the B train on weekdays. It is located on an open-cut at the center of the pedestrian-only Newkirk Plaza shopping mall, which is bounded by Newkirk Avenue on the north, Foster Avenue on the south, Marlborough Road to the west, and East 16th Street to the east.

History

The station opened around 1900 as a two-track surface station named South Midwood, a reference to its location at the southern end of the former Town of Flatbush, which was also historically known as Midwood. Currently, Midwood is considered to be the area south of where the station now stands, so it would now more correctly be described as being in South Flatbush or North Midwood. The station was located along the Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island Railroad line to Brighton Beach, which was built in 1878.^[2]

In 1903, a reconstruction project began to remove grade crossings along the line as part of the "Brighton Beach Improvement," which also rebuilt stations of the Brooklyn, Flatbush and Coney Island Railroad and electrified the line due to increased ridership on the line.^[2] When on the surface, the station was a division point at which short turned elevated trains of the Fulton Street El terminated. After grade crossings on the line were fully eliminated in 1908, the station became a through stop for all services; at this time it was given the name Newkirk Avenue.^[2] On the eastern side of the station entrance building there is a plaque, which reads: "The Depression and Elevation of this railroad to abolish grade crossings was authorized by the Legislature May 9th, 1903. A joint undertaking between the City Of New York and the Brooklyn Heights R.R. Co. under the direction of the Brooklyn Grade Crossing Commission. ..... Work commenced August 1st 1904 - Completed July 1st 1908." This plaque refers to the aforementioned grade crossing project.

During the 1964–1965 fiscal year, the platforms at Newkirk Avenue, along with those at six other stations on the Brighton Line, were lengthened to {{Convert|615|feet|meters|abbr=}} to accommodate a ten-car train of {{Convert|60|feet|meters|abbr=}}-long IND cars, or a nine-car train of {{Convert|67|feet|meters|abbr=}}-long BMT cars.^[3]

In 1981, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority listed the station among the 69 most deteriorated stations in the subway system.^[4] Starting in the late 1980s or early 1990s, business owners in the adjoining shopping area began advocating for the station to be renamed after the mall.^[5] The station and mall underwent reconstruction from 2009 to 2011. This included installation of yellow warning strips on the platform edges and repainting of the columns from red to green.^[6] The renovation cost $30 million.^[7] As part of the renovation of the station, it was renamed Newkirk Plaza in August 2011.^[5]

Station layout

Newkirk Plaza mall

Directly above the station is the Newkirk Plaza shopping area, which is located on either side of a pedestrian walkway above the station.^[7] The mall opened in 1913,^[7] shortly after the current station did.^[9] The shopping area is of an open-air format and all the stores face a passageway that is owned and maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation; however, the stores are privately owned. Many of the stores there are small family-owned businesses,^[9] lending the area a "small-town feel."^[7] Since the late 2000s, there have been efforts to create a business improvement district for the shopping area.^[5]

The Manhattan-bound local track is completely underneath the east side of the mall while the Coney Island-bound one is underneath the west side of the mall except for a section at the north end. The express tracks are in open view except in the center (where the station's only entrance is) and at either ends (where the Newkirk and Foster Avenues overpasses are).

Exit

The station's only entrance and exit is a station house at the center of the plaza. It has a token booth, turnstile bank, and a staircase leading to a short landing above both platforms that separate into two staircases facing the opposite directions going down to the platforms themselves. The station house was renovated in 1988, which included installation of white tiles and a stained-glass artwork titled Transit Skylight by David Wilson. The station house is located on Newkirk Avenue's south side between East 15th and East 16th Streets.^[10]

In popular culture

This station appeared in the Futurama episode "The Luck of the Fryrish" and was portrayed as being in Fry's old neighborhood of Ditmas Park, considering his old home is a detached albeit run-down Victorian house. It also appeared in the films Next Stop, Greenwich Village, and Man Push Cart.^[11]

Gallery

References

1. ^{{NYCS const|riderref}}
2. ^¹²{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofworkofe00broo|title=HISTORY of the work of eliminating grade crossings BY THE Brooklyn Grade Crossing Commission, a joint undertaking between THE CITY OF NEW YORK, THE LONG ISLAND R. R. CO., THE LONG ISLAND R. R. CO. AND THE BROOKLYN HEIGHTS R. R. CO. April 30, 1915 |author=Brooklyn Grade Crossing Commission|date=January 1, 1918|publisher=[New York : s.n]}}
3. ^{{Cite book|title=Annual Report 1964–1965|last=|first=|publisher=New York City Transit Authority|year=1965|isbn=|location=|pages=|via=}}
4. ^{{cite news|last1=Gargan|first1=Edward A.|title=AGENCY LISTS ITS 69 MOST DETERIORATED SUBWAY STATIONS|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/06/11/nyregion/agency-lists-its-69-most-deteriorated-subway-stations.html|accessdate=August 13, 2016|work=The New York Times|date=June 11, 1981}}
5. ^¹²{{Cite web|url=http://www.timesledger.com/stories/2008/12/20080320-archive284.html|title=Newkirk name change - Transit Authority considers merchants’ ‘Plaza’ request|last=Klein|first=Helen|date=March 20, 2008|website=timesledger.com|publisher=Times Ledger|access-date=August 5, 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web | title=Press Release - NYC Transit - Temporary Loss of Brighton Line Express | publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority | date=July 29, 2009 | url=http://www.mta.info/press-release/nyc-transit/temporary-loss-brighton-line-express | access-date=August 11, 2017}}
7. ^¹²³{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/29/nyregion/29metjournal.html|title=Newkirk Plaza in Ditmas Plaza Struggles With Renovation Project|last=Grynbaum|first=Michael M.|date=August 28, 2009|newspaper=The New York Times|issn=0362-4331|access-date=August 5, 2016}}
8. ^{{NYCS const|trackref|trackbook3}}
9. ^¹{{Cite web|url=http://lostnewyorkcity.blogspot.com/2008/11/welcome-to-newkirk-plaza.html|title=Lost City: Welcome to Newkirk Plaza|author=Brooks of Sheffield|date=November 21, 2008|website=lostnewyorkcity.blogspot.com|publisher=Lost City|access-date=August 5, 2016}}
10. ^{{cite web|title=MTA Neighborhood Maps: Flatbush|url=http://web.mta.info/maps/neighborhoods/bkn/B11-Flatbush_2015.pdf|website=mta.info|publisher=Metropolitan Transportation Authority|accessdate=August 2, 2015|date=2015}}
11. ^Films, Documentaries, & Television (NYCSubway.org)