| 词条 | Nguyễn Phú Trọng |
| 释义 |
|name = Nguyễn Phú Trọng |image = Nguyễn Phú Trọng 092916 (cropped).jpg |imagesize = |office1 = General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam |term_start1 = 19 January 2011 |term_end1 = |predecessor1 = Nông Đức Mạnh |successor1 = |office2 = 9th President of Vietnam |primeminister2 = Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |vicepresident2 = Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh |term_start2 = 23 October 2018 |term_end2 = |predecessor2 = Trần Đại Quang Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh {{small|(acting)}} |successor2 = |office3 = Secretary of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party |term_start3 = 19 January 2011 |term_end3 = |deputy3 = Ngô Xuân Lịch |predecessor3 = Nông Đức Mạnh |successor3 = |office4 = Chairman of the National Assembly |term_start4 = 26 June 2006 |term_end4 = 23 July 2011 |predecessor4 = Nguyễn Văn An |successor4 = Nguyễn Sinh Hùng |office5 = Secretary of the Hanoi Party Committee |term_start5 = January 2000 |term_end5 = 26 June 2006 |predecessor5 = Lê Xuân Tùng |successor5 = Phạm Quang Nghị |office6 = Member of the National Assembly |term_start6 = 19 May 2002 |term_end6 = |constituency6 = Hanoi |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1944|4|14|df=y}} |birth_place = Hanoi, French Indochina {{small|(now Vietnam)}} |death_date = |death_place = |party = Communist Party of Vietnam |spouse = Ngô Thị Mẫn |alma_mater = University of Hanoi National Academy of Public Administration Russian Academy of Sciences |signature = President Nguyen Phu Trong signature.png }} Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944) is a Vietnamese politician who is the current General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, in office since 19 January 2011, and President of Vietnam, de jure head of state of Vietnam, in office since 23 October 2018. Nguyễn Phú Trọng was Chairman of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2011, was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam at the party's 11th National Congress in 2011[1][2][3][4] and reelected at the 12th National Congress in 2016. As General Secretary, Nguyễn Phú Trọng heads the party's Secretariat[5][6][7] and is the Secretary of the Central Military Commission[8][9] in addition to being the de facto head of the Politburo, the highest decision-making body in Vietnam, which currently makes him the most powerful person in Vietnam.[10] On 3 October 2018, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam formally nominated Nguyễn Phú Trọng to be the next President of Vietnam to be voted on the next session of the National Assembly where the party holds an overwhelming majority, making him the third person to simultaneously head the party and the state after Ho Chi Minh (in North Vietnam only) and Trường Chinh. On 23 October 2018, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was elected as the 9th President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in a meeting of the sixth session of the National Assembly. Early life and careerNguyễn Phú Trọng was born in Đông Hội Commune, Đông Anh District, Hanoi. His official biography gives his family background only as "poor peasant".[11] He studied philology at Vietnam National University, Hanoi from 1963 to 1968. Trọng officially became a member of the Communist Party of Vietnam in December 1968. He worked for the Tạp chí Cộng Sản (Communist Review), the theoretical and political agency of the Communist Party of Vietnam (formerly the Labor Party) in the periods of 1968–1973, 1976–1981 and 1983–1996. From 1991 to 1996, he served as the editor-in-chief of the Tạp chí Cộng Sản. Nguyễn Phú Trọng went to the Soviet Union in 1981 to study at the Academy of Sciences and received a Candidate of Sciences degree in history in 1983.[12] In 1998, Trọng entered the party section devoted to political work, making him one of the most prominent Vietnamese political theoreticians, heading the party Central Committee's Theoretical Council in charge of the party's theoretical work from 2001 to 2006. Nguyễn Phú Trọng has been member of the party's Central Committee since January 1994, member of the party's Political Bureau since December 1997 and deputy to the National Assembly since May 2002. From January 2000 to June 2006, Trọng was secretary of the party's Executive Committee of Hanoi, the de facto head of the city authority. On 26 June 2006, Trọng was elected as the Chairman of the National Assembly.[13] During this period, he was elected secretary of the party organization in the National Assembly and member of the Council for Defence and Security. On 23 October 2018, Trọng was elected as the 9th President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in a seasonal meeting of National Assembly. Leader of VietnamGeneral Secretary electedNguyễn Phú Trọng was elected General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam in 2011. The 5th plenum of the 11th Central Committee decided to take the Central Steering Committee for Anti-Corruption away from the Prime Minister’s control and Nguyễn Phú Trọng was elected its head.[14][15] On 6 July 2015, General Secretary Nguyễn Phú Trọng arrived in the United States to begin his United States visit to 10 July 2015. This is the first time a leader of the Communist Party of Vietnam has held office in the United States Department of State, but has not held any official post in the Oval Office. This visit coincided with the milestone of twenty years since the United States and Vietnam normalized diplomatic relations. The talks with President Barack Obama was about human rights, security and defense and the Trans-Pacific Partnership.[16][17] General Secretary re-electedOn 27 January 2016, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was re-elected as General Secretary of the 12th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam at the first conference of the committee.[18] At 72 years old, he is the 12th Committee's oldest member. For this term, Trong is ranked number one in the Politburo, marking a return to normality. Nguyễn Phú Trọng hopes under a one party rule, to strengthen Vietnam position in the world, turning it into an industrial country rather than a country that produces on primary products.[19] "A country without discipline would be chaotic and unstable [...]. [W]e need to balance democracy and law and order", said Nguyễn Phú Trọng at the close of a meeting to choose the country’s leadership for the next five years. "I very much hope the new faces in the politburo will push with reforms and bring the country forward, but I don't know whether they can do that", said Tran Thi Tram. "They will also have to really tackle the corruption problem, otherwise the people would be the ones to suffer most".[19] Presidential nominationOn 3 October 2018, Nguyễn Phú Trọng was chosen by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam with nearly 100% support to become the party nominee for the position of the President of Vietnam, becoming the official successor of Trần Đại Quang.[20][21] PresidencyThe National Assembly elected Nguyễn Phú Trọng as state president on 23 October 2018 with 99.79% percent of the vote. His swearing-in ceremony took place at the Grand Hall and was broadcast live on the afternoon on state radio and television systems.[22] Published worksBooks
Awards
References1. ^Vietnam: Foreign Policy and Government Guide International Business Publications, USA. – 2007– Page 8 "General Secretary Nông Ðức Mạnh – President Nguyễn Minh Triết – Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng – National Assembly Chairman Nguyễn Phú Trọng" 2. ^"Nguyen Phu Trong elected Party Chief", Vietnam News Agency, 19 January 2011. 3. ^"Nguyen Phu Trong elected Party General Secretary", Nhan Dan, 19 January 2011. 4. ^"Party Congress announces CPVCC Politburo members", VGP News, 19 January 2011 5. ^"Party leader Trong announces Central Committee Secretariat", Viet Nam News, 10 February 2011. 6. ^"11th CPVCC Secretariat members named", Vietnam News Agency, 9 February 2011. 7. ^{{vi}} "Ban Chấp hành trung ương, Bộ Chính trị, Ban Bí thư {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130044246/http://123.30.190.43:8080/tiengviet/tulieuvankien/banchaphanh/details.asp?topic=105&subtopic=211&leader_topic=505&id=BT2711158250 |date=2013-01-30 }}, Báo điện tử Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam, 25 January 2011. 8. ^{{vi}} "Tổ chức trọng thể lễ tang Thượng tướng Nguyễn Trọng Xuyên", VOV Online, 27 June 2012. 9. ^"Tổng Bí thư dự Hội nghị quân chính toàn quân", VOV Online, 16 December 2011. 10. ^{{vi}} "[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-35418284 BBC News]". 11. ^"Biography of Party General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong", Vietnam News Agency, 19 January 2011 12. ^{{Cite web|url=https://search.rsl.ru/ru/record/01008801621|title=Нгуен Фу Чонг - Деятельность Коммунистической партии Вьетнама по укреплению ее связи с массами на современном этапе : с учетом опыта КПСС : диссертация ... кандидата исторических наук : 07.00.14 - Search RSL|website=search.rsl.ru|language=ru-RU|access-date=2018-05-18}} 13. ^"Vietnam confirms new leadership", BBC, 27 June 2006. 14. ^{{vi}} "Tổng Bí thư sẽ làm Trưởng Ban Chỉ đạo phòng, chống tham nhũng", Pháp luật & Xã hội, 16 May 2012. 15. ^"Party Central Committee's conference concludes", VOV Online, 15 May 2012. 16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.rfa.org/vietnamese/news/vietnamnews/vn-commu-party-visi-oval-office-07072015091352.html|title=Tổng thống Obama tiếp TBT Nguyễn Phú Trọng tại phòng Bầu dục ở Nhà trắng|website=Radio Free Asia|language=vi|access-date=2018-05-18}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/jul/04/vietnam-communist-party-chief-to-make-first-us-trip|title=Vietnam Communist party chief to make first US trip|last=Press|first=Associated|date=4 July 2015|work=US news|access-date=}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-01/27/c_135051012.htm|title=Nguyen Phu Trong re-elected as Vietnam's communist party chief|editor=Xuxin|date=27 January 2016|accessdate=2016-01-28|publisher=Xinhua News Agency}} 19. ^1 {{Cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jan/28/vietnam-nguyen-phu-trong-one-party-rule-leader|title=One-party rule best for Vietnam, says leader|last=Press|first=Associated|date=2016-01-28|work=The Guardian|access-date=2017-11-05|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}} 20. ^Trung ương giới thiệu Tổng bí thư để bầu làm Chủ tịch nước, translation: Central Committee introduce the General secretary to become new President 21. ^[https://www.reuters.com/article/us-vietnam-politics/vietnam-nominates-party-chief-as-new-president-idUSKCN1MD1JT Vietnam nominates party chief as new president], Reuters, 3 Oct 2018 22. ^{{Cite web|url=https://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/it-s-official-party-chief-trong-is-vietnam-s-new-president-3828227.html|title=It’s official: Party chief Trong is Vietnam’s new president|last=Phan|first=Anh|date=2018-10-23|website=VnExpress International|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-10-23}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegioipublishers.vn/en/books/detail.php?idbooks=88|title=Vietnam On The Path Of Renewal|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thegioipublishers.vn/en/books/detail.php?idbooks=839|title=Renewal in Viet Nam - Theory and Reality|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 25. ^{{Cite web|url=https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/977599|title=Vietnam from 1986 / Nguyen Phu Trong, Tran Dinh Nghiem, Vu Hien|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 26. ^{{Cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130801084504/http://www.radiohc.cu/ing/news/cuba/6467-vietnamas-communist-leader-wound-up-official-visit-to-cuba.html|title=Trong received Order of Jose Martí|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} External links{{commons category|Nguyễn Phú Trọng}}
|-{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party|years=2011–present}} |-{{s-off}}{{s-bef|before=Nguyễn Văn An}}{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the National Assembly|years=2006–2011}}{{s-aft|after=Nguyễn Sinh Hùng}}{{s-bef|before=Trần Đại Quang Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh Acting}}{{s-ttl|title=President of Vietnam|years=2018–present}}{{s-inc}}{{s-end}}{{VietnamFirstSecs}}{{CPVPolitburo}}{{CPVSecretariat}}{{Currentcommunistrulers}}{{VietnamPres}}{{Current APEC Leaders}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Nguyen Phu Trong}} 8 : 1944 births|Communist Party of Vietnam politicians|Chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National Assembly (Vietnam)|General Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam|Living people|Members of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Vietnam|People from Hanoi|Presidents of Vietnam |
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