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词条 Nicknames of Houston
释义

  1. Official nickname

     Space City 

  2. Popular nicknames

      HTX   Bayou City  H-Town   Hustle-Town   Sport Nicknames  Clutch City  Crush City 

  3. Historic nicknames

     Magnolia City  Capital of the Sunbelt  The Big Heart 

  4. Subculture and groups

     Screwston  City of Lean  Ozone City 

  5. Marketing slogan

     The Energy Capital of the World 

  6. See also

  7. References

  8. External links

There are many nicknames for the city of Houston, the largest city in Texas and fourth-largest city in the United States. The city's nicknames reflect its geography, economy, multicultural population, and popular culture, including sports and music. They are often used by the media and in popular culture to reference the city.

Houston currently has one official nickname, "Space City", signifying the city's global importance to space exploration and historical role as a prominent center of activity by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Also another example , H-Town. Cities adopt official nicknames such as this one to establish a civic identity, promote civic pride, and build community unity.[1] Houston has had other nicknames in the past which have faded in common usage, going as far back as the 1870s.

The city has recently accumulated several unofficial nicknames from among sub-groups within the city, including several whose origins are in the local hip-hop subculture. The most recently added nickname is "The Big Heart", which refers to assistance given by Houston and its citizens to the victims of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and 2006.

Official nickname

Space City

Houston received its official nickname of "Space City" in 1967 because it is home to NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center.[2][3]

NASA's center in Houston has its origins in the Space Task Group which directed its first manned spaceflight program, Project Mercury. In 1961, it grew into a bigger organization as the Manned Spacecraft Center, and in 1962 moved into a newly built campus on land donated by Rice University.[4] It was renamed the Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (JSC) in honor of Texas U.S. Senator, Vice President, and President Lyndon B. Johnson in 1973, the year Johnson died. As Senate Majority Leader, Johnson played a decisive role in passage of the legislation which created NASA in 1958. JSC contains the Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center, which coordinates and monitors all human spaceflight for the United States, and directed all Space Shuttle missions and activities aboard the International Space Station.[5] The visitor's center of JSC is Space Center Houston.[6]

Some of the first words transmitted by Neil Armstrong from the moon, "Houston, Tranquility Base here. The Eagle has landed", are written in 15 languages on bronze plaques placed along the main entrance of Tranquility Park in downtown Houston. A replica of one of the footprints left on the moon by Neil Armstrong is also on display inside the park.[7]

Popular nicknames

HTX

Taken from the acronym for Houston, TX. It was popularized after Austin became known as ATX.

Bayou City

{{redirect|Bayou City|the Confederate ship|CS Bayou City}}

Houston is popularly known as "The Bayou City"[8] (and less frequently as "Baghdad on the Bayou")[9] because it is home to ten winding waterways that flow through the surrounding area. Buffalo Bayou is the main waterway flowing through the city and has a significant place in Texas history, not only due to the founding place of the City of Houston, but also because the final battle for Texas Independence was fought along its banks.[10] Other major bayous in the city include White Oak Bayou, Brays Bayou and Sims Bayou.[11]

H-Town

"H-Town" is a widely popular modern nickname for Houston.[12] It is commonly used in reference to the city both locally and internationally, especially within the entertainment community. In addition, the H-Town Blues Festival is a music festival held each year in the city,[13] and the H-Town Arena Theatre has hosted a variety of performing artists from around the country since the 1970s.[14] H-Town (with the "H" standing for Houston) is also the name of an R&B hip hop band from Houston that was formed in 1992.[15]

Hustle-Town

"Hustle-Town", another popular local nickname for Houston, is often proudly used to reference the city's significance as an international center of commerce, trade, and more recently, music, art, and a rapidly growing population center that 'never seems to rest'. Houston is sometimes compared to larger, older cities and pop-cultural centers, sometimes being referred to as the "New York' or 'L.A' of the South", and is actually the fourth largest city in the United States, in terms of population size. The term 'Hustle-Town' was heavily popularized by Houston rapper SPM, following the release of 'Hustle-Town' in 1998, directly utilizing the term in the name of the song, which was followed with a large rise in the usage of the term in hip-hop music and culture in the Houston scene. The term is also often used by sports teams, corporations, slogans, or groups in Houston, such as the Houston Astros, with the phrase 'Welcome to Hustle Town', which can be seen painted on the south side of Minute Maid Park.

Sport Nicknames

Clutch City

{{Main|Clutch City}}

The nickname of "Clutch City" was given to the city of Houston after the Houston Rockets won the 1994 and 1995 NBA championships. The moniker was adopted in response to a front-page headline in the Houston Chronicle declaring Houston to be "Choke City".[16] It was revived in 2005, as the Houston Astros had a late-season rally to win the pennant and clinch their first-ever World Series appearance, and again in 2006, when the Houston Dynamo won the MLS Cup in their inaugural season.[17]

The Rockets' mascot, "Clutch the Bear", was named the 5th-most recognizable mascot in sports by USA Today in February 2005, and was inducted into the Mascot Hall of Fame in 2006.[18]

Crush City

Crush City is a nickname that derived from the 2015 Houston Astros season. "Crush" is a reference to the high amount of home runs delivered by the Houston Astros, as the team ended with the second most home runs in the MLB.

Historic nicknames

Magnolia City

"Magnolia City" is one of the earliest of Houston’s many nicknames. The Texas World, a newspaper first published in 1900, is said to have labeled Houston "the Magnolia City",[19] but the nickname had been in use among the locals since the 1870s.[20] Areas of east Houston, particularly Harrisburg and Magnolia Park, were once natural Magnolia forests that were wiped out by urban sprawl by the 1920s. The nickname is still sometimes used in media stories about the city.[19]

Capital of the Sunbelt

The nickname "Capital of the Sunbelt" (also "Golden Buckle on the Sun Belt")[21] appeared during the boomtown years when the city experienced rapid growth.[22][23][24][25][26] In the late 1970s, Houston was experiencing a population increase, as people from Rust Belt states moved en masse into Texas.[27] The new residents mostly came for the numerous employment opportunities in the petroleum industry, resulting from the Arab Oil Embargo.[28]

The Big Heart

The "Big Heart" is a nickname Houston earned in 2005–06 among many of the storm victims from Louisiana and other affected areas who sought refuge there in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.[29] Angelo Edwards, vice chair of the ACORN Katrina Survivors Association, said, "No other city really provided the resources and assistance Houston has."[29]

Houston housed, fed and mended more than 150,000 survivors in an effort that won acclaim throughout the United States, mounting what is believed to be the biggest shelter operation in the country's history, including Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (MASH)-like mega-clinics that took on problems ranging from emergency care to eyeglass prescriptions.[29]

"This has been a real success story", said Houston Mayor Bill White. "So many Houstonians stepped up to help our neighbors from Louisiana. It was humbling, and it showed the world the big heart and the incredible talent of our city."[30]

Subculture and groups

Slow Mo Texas

Screwston

"Screwston" is a popular modern nickname for the city of Houston.[31] Although it is not an official nickname, it is widely known by fans of local hip-hop artist DJ Screw and his style of music, known as "chopped and screwed".[32]

City of Lean

The "City of Lean" nickname (also "Lean City") refers to the enjoyment of codeine-laced cough syrup, sometimes called purple drank, that has been popular in Houston and is associated with some rap artists.[33][34] Houston rap artist Big Moe used this nickname for the title of his 2000 album City of Syrup, whose cover featured an image of purple ooze being poured over the Houston skyline.[35]

Drip City is another name for City of Lean

Ozone City

"Ozone City" is a more recent nickname used in Punk, Alternative, and art circles. Its exact origins are unknown, but likely in reference to Houston's high Ozone count and air pollution.[36]

Marketing slogan

The Energy Capital of the World

Houston is considered by many to be "The Energy Capital of the World"[37] (also "Oil Capital of the World"), because the city is home to more than 5,000 energy-related firms.[38] The city is a leading domestic and international center for virtually every segment of the oil and gas industry—exploration, production, transmission, marketing, service, supply, offshore drilling, and technology.[39][40]

Houston dominates U.S. oil and gas exploration and production and is unrivaled in the American energy industry.[41] It is home to more than 3,600 energy-related establishments. Houston is also home to 13 of the nation’s 20 largest natural gas transmission companies, 600 exploration and production firms and more than 170 pipeline operators.[39][40] Houston also hosts the annual Offshore Technology Conference which is the world's largest energy-related trade show.

See also

{{Portal|Houston}}
  • List of city nicknames in Texas
  • Culture of Houston

References

1. ^Muench, David "Wisconsin Community Slogans: Their Use and Local Impacts {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609181605/http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/economies/communityindicators/communityslogans.pdf |date=2013-06-09 }} {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130609181605/http://www.uwex.edu/ces/cced/economies/communityindicators/communityslogans.pdf |date=June 9, 2013 }}", December 1993, accessed April 10, 2007.
2. ^{{cite web | title = JSC Celebrates 40 Years of Human Space Flight | publisher= National Aeronautics and Space Administration | url = http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/about/history/jsc40/jsc40_pg4.html | accessdate = February 18, 2007}}
3. ^http://blogs.houstonpress.com/hairballs/2010/03/houston_101_yet_another_new_ni.php Houston Press: Houston 101
4. ^{{cite book | last=Dethloff | first=Henry C. | title=Suddenly Tomorrow Came... A History of the Johnson Space Center| publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration | year=1993 | authorlink= Henry C. Dethloff | chapter=Chapter 3: Houston - Texas - U.S.A.| isbn=978-1502753588 | url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/suddenly_tomorrow/suddenly.htm | ref = harv}}
5. ^{{cite web| title=JSC History| publisher=Space Center Houston| url=http://spacecenter.org/general-info/about/jsc-history/| accessdate=July 31, 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150907224146/http://spacecenter.org/general-info/about/jsc-history/| archive-date=2015-09-07| dead-url=yes| df=}}
6. ^{{cite web | title=About Us | publisher= Space Center Houston | url=http://spacecenter.org/general-info/about/| accessdate=July 31, 2015}}
7. ^{{cite web | title=Tranquility Park | publisher=Parks and Outdoors, What to do, Greater Houston Convention and Visitors Bureau | url=http://www.visithoustontexas.com/visitors/parks_and_outdoors/listing.details.php?category=13683&id=28464 | accessdate=March 27, 2007 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070701235209/http://www.visithoustontexas.com/visitors/parks_and_outdoors/listing.details.php?category=13683&id=28464 | archivedate=July 1, 2007 | df= }}
8. ^{{cite web | title=Houston |publisher=Travel Guide, www.VCarious.com (2007) | url=http://www.vcarious.com/Travel-Guide/UnitedStates/Texas/Houston.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
9. ^{{cite web | title=Bayous and Waterways | publisher=Environmental News, Citizens' Environmental Coalition – Houston | url=http://www.cechouston.org/index.php/?page_id=19 | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
10. ^{{cite web|author=John Perry |title=Born on the bayou: city's murky start |work=Houston Heritage, City Savvy, Vol. 11, No. 3 (Online Ed. 2006) |url=http://www.houstontx.gov/hr/savvypages/sum06/sum06_heritage.htm |accessdate=June 27, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070124195937/http://www.houstontx.gov/hr/savvypages/sum06/sum06_heritage.htm |archivedate=January 24, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
11. ^{{cite web|author=Eric Ruckstuhl |title=Canoeing Houston's Bayous and Creeks |publisher=Bayou Preservation Association |url=http://www.bayoupreservation.org/pages/wateraccess.htm |accessdate=June 27, 2007 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070608154706/http://www.bayoupreservation.org/pages/wateraccess.htm |archivedate=June 8, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
12. ^{{cite web | title=H-Town | publisher=The Big Apple, www.barrypopik.com | url=http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/h_town_houston_nickname/ | accessdate=September 27, 2007}}
13. ^{{cite web | title=The H-Town Blues Festival | author=William Michael Smith | work=Houston Press (February 1, 2007) | url=http://www.houstonpress.com/2007-02-01/music/the-h-town-blues-festival/ | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
14. ^{{cite web | title=Events at H-Town Theatre | publisher=www.GoTickets.com | url=http://www.gotickets.com/venues/tx/h-town_theatre.php#venueEvents | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
15. ^{{cite web | title=H-Town Lead Singer Dies | publisher=MTV | url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1459812/02032003/h_town.jhtml | accessdate=January 22, 2008}}
16. ^{{cite web | title=1994: From Choke City to Clutch City – Looking back | author=Dave Winder | publisher=www.Rockets.com, NBA Media Ventures | url=http://www.nba.com/rockets/history/lookingback_94finals.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225142252/http://www.nba.com/rockets/history/lookingback_94finals.html | archivedate=December 25, 2007 | df= }}
17. ^{{cite web | title=Houston Dynamo Wins MLS Cup, Nobody Outside of RFK Stadium Sees It Happen | author=David J. Warner | publisher=www.sports.aol.com | url=http://sports.aol.com/fanhouse/2007/11/18/houston-dynamo-wins-mls-cup-nobody-outside-of-rfk-stadium-sees/ | accessdate=January 22, 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121184129/http://sports.aol.com/fanhouse/2007/11/18/houston-dynamo-wins-mls-cup-nobody-outside-of-rfk-stadium-sees/# | archive-date=2007-11-21 | dead-url=yes | df= }}
18. ^{{cite web | title=2006 Inductees | publisher=The Official Mascot Hall of Fame (2007) | url=http://www.mascothalloffame.com/virtual/hall/index.html?staff_id=10 | accessdate=January 8, 2008 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://archive.is/20130128171942/http://www.mascothalloffame.com/virtual/hall/index.html?staff_id=10 | archivedate=January 28, 2013 | df= }}
19. ^1 {{cite web | title=Bayou City has a long, full history of print journalism | work=100 Years, Houston Chronicle (Oct. 10, 2001) | url=http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/special/100years4/1084491.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
20. ^{{cite web | title=Magnolia City (Houston nickname) | publisher=The Big Apple, Entry from August 13, 2006 | url=http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/texas/entry/magnolia_city_houston_nickname/ | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
21. ^{{cite news | title= A Hummer Alongside a Horse? The Rodeo Must Be in Houston | work=The New York Times | url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05E1D9163FF932A35750C0A9629C8B63 | accessdate=January 24, 2008 | first=Ralph | last=Blumenthal | date=March 1, 2004}}
22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/03/01/forget-what-the-pundits-tell-you-coastal-cities-are-old-news-it-s-the-sunbelt-that-s-booming.html|title=Forget What the Pundits Tell You, Coastal Cities are Old News - it’s the Sunbelt that’s Booming|last=Kotkin|first=Joel|date=2014-03-01|website=The Daily Beast|access-date=2016-03-25}}
23. ^{{Cite journal|last=Feagin|first=Joe R.|date=1985-01-01|title=The Global Context of Metropolitan Growth: Houston and the Oil Industry|jstor=2779634|journal=American Journal of Sociology|volume=90|issue=6|pages=1204–1230}}
24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.temple.edu/tempress/titles/514_reg.html|title=Beth Anne Shelton, Joe R. Feagin, Robert Bullard, Nestor Rodriguez, Robert D. Thomas: Houston|website=www.temple.edu|access-date=2016-03-25}}
25. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JVAr78xwo7sC|title=The Global Cities Reader|last=Brenner|first=Neil|last2=Keil|first2=Roger|date=2006-01-01|publisher=Psychology Press|isbn=9780415323444|language=en}}
26. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v-74dw0_stAC&pg=PA205&dq=Houston+capital+of+the+sunbelt&hl=en&sa=X&ei=vRyTVfTyMojt-AGr04GgCQ&ved=0CEkQ6AEwCA#v=onepage&q=Houston%2520capital%2520of%2520the%2520sunbelt&f=false|title=Business Elites and Urban Development: Case Studies and Critical Perspectives|last=Cummings|first=Scott|date=1988-01-01|publisher=SUNY Press|isbn=9780887065774|language=en}}
27. ^{{cite web | title=Polish-Texans | publisher=Texas Almanac (2004-2005), www.texasalmanac.com | url=https://texasalmanac.com/topics/culture/polish/polish-texans| accessdate=July 3, 2018}}
28. ^{{cite web | title=The Impact of World Events on the Petroleum Industry of Houston, Texas in the 1970s and 1980s | publisher=University of Houston Mathematics Department | url=http://hti.math.uh.edu/curriculum/units/2001/05/05/01.05.05.pdf | accessdate=January 22, 2008}} {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}
29. ^1 2 {{cite web | title=Katrina's Latest Damage | work=Newsweek on post-Katrina Houston (March 5, 2006) | url=http://houstonstrategies.blogspot.com/2006/03/newsweek-on-post-katrina-houston.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
30. ^{{cite web | title=George R. Brown Convention Center Closes its Doors Having Placed All Residents in Housing or Other Shelters | publisher=Mayor Bill White – Press Releases, City of Houston (September 21, 2005) | url=http://www.houstontx.gov/mayor/press/20050921.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070624153320/http://www.houstontx.gov/mayor/press/20050921.html | archivedate=June 24, 2007 | df= }}
31. ^{{cite web | title=Screwston | publisher=The Big Apple, www.barrypopik.com | url=http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/screwston_houston_nickname/ | accessdate=September 27, 2007}}
32. ^{{cite web | title=Chopped and Screwed, A History | publisher=MTV | url=http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/chopped_screwed/ | accessdate=January 22, 2008 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080111115805/http://www.mtv.com/bands/h/hip_hop_week/chopped_screwed/ | archivedate=January 11, 2008 | df= }}
33. ^{{cite web | title=city of syrup | publisher=The Big Apple, www.barrypopik.com | url=http://www.barrypopik.com/index.php/new_york_city/entry/city_of_syrup_houston_nickname/ | accessdate=September 27, 2007}}
34. ^{{cite web |title=Houston High Intensity Drug Trafficking Area Drug Market Analysis |url=http://0225.0145.01.040/ndic/pubs23/23932/distro.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080213193959/http://149.101.1.32/ndic/pubs23/23932/distro.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=February 13, 2008 |author=National Drug Intelligence Center |year=2007 |accessdate=January 24, 2008 }}
35. ^From Bayou City to "city of syrup" by Kristen Mack, Houston Chronicle, February 10, 2002, 2 Star edition, Section A, Page 37 MetFront
36. ^{{cite web | title=Ozone City | publisher= Ozone City Ourage, www.houstonpunkart.wordpress.com | url=https://houstonpunkart.wordpress.com}}
37. ^{{cite web|title=Publication Website|url=http://www.energycapitalhouston.org/|publisher=Energy Capital Houston|accessdate=January 30, 2008|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819024512/http://www.energycapitalhouston.org/|archivedate=August 19, 2006|df=}}
38. ^{{cite web | title=Facts and Figures | publisher=About Houston, City of Houston (2007) | url=http://www.houstontx.gov/abouthouston/houstonfacts.html | accessdate=June 27, 2007}}
39. ^1 {{cite web|title=Energy Industry Guide |publisher=Greater Houston Partnership |url=http://www.houston.org/industryGuide/energy.asp |accessdate=January 22, 2008 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222051213/http://www.houston.org/industryGuide/energy.asp |archivedate=December 22, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
40. ^1 Greater Houston Partnership, 2005 – 2015 Strategic Plan {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411010805/http://www.houston.org/pdfs/StrategicPlan.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }} {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411010805/http://www.houston.org/pdfs/StrategicPlan.pdf |date=2008-04-11 }}, page 27.
41. ^{{cite news | title=Houston Finds Business Boon After Katrina | author=Simon Romero | work=Business, New York Times (September 6, 2005) | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/06/business/06goldrush.html?ex=1212379200&en=7220360ed029c719&ei=5035&partner=MARKETWATCH | accessdate=June 27, 2007 | date=September 6, 2005}}

External links

  • City of Houston official website
  • Greater Houston Convention & Visitors Bureau
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