| 词条 | NIFL Premiership | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| image = Danske-bank-premiership (2014–).svg | pixels = 250 | country = {{NIR}} | confed = UEFA | founded = 2008 (as IFA Premiership) | teams = 12 | relegation = NIFL Championship | levels = 1 | domest_cup = Irish Cup NIFL Charity Shield | league_cup = NI Football League Cup | confed_cup = UEFA Champions League UEFA Europa League | champions = Crusaders {{nowrap|(3rd Premiership title; 7th Irish title overall)}} | season = 2017–18 | most successful club = Linfield (4 Premiership titles; 52 Irish titles overall) | tv = BBC NI (10 live games per season and highlights via BBC iPlayer)[1] Bwin.Party[2] Sky Sports (5 Premiership games per season and the League Cup final)[3] | website = NI Football League official site | current = 2018–19 }} The NIFL Premiership, known as the Danske Bank Premiership for sponsorship purposes,[4] is a professional association football league which operates as the highest division of the Northern Ireland Football League – the national league in Northern Ireland. It was formerly called the IFA Premiership until 2013, and is the successor to previous competition formats called the Irish Premier League, Irish Football League Premier Division, and before that simply the Irish Football League. Still known in popular parlance simply as the Irish League, the Premiership was established in 2008 under the auspices of the Irish Football Association before the Northern Ireland Football League was created for the start of the 2013–14 season. At the end of the season, the champion club is presented with the Gibson Cup. Crusaders are the current champions, securing their 7th league title by beating Ballymena United 2–1 at the Ballymena Showgrounds. OriginThe current Premiership format was introduced for the 2008–09 season after the League system for Northern Ireland was re-organised. The top flight was reduced in size from 16 to 12 clubs, included on the basis not only of their performance in the 2007–08 season, but in the previous two seasons, and other off-the-field criteria. Each applicant club was assessed by an independent panel and awarded points against the following criteria:
Portadown were the highest-profile casualty of the new system, suffering relegation to the newly formed IFA Championship as a result of submitting their application for inclusion in the Premiership 29 minutes past the deadline for consideration.[5] The Premiership remained under IFA control for five seasons until the creation of the Northern Ireland Football League in 2013, when it became the NIFL Premiership. League formatFixturesEach team plays a total of 38 fixtures during the season. Each team initially plays every other team three times (either twice at home and once away, or once at home and twice away) for a total of 33 fixtures per team. The league then splits into Section A and Section B, the top six teams in Section A playing each other for a fourth and final time to settle championship and European qualification issues, and the bottom six teams in Section B playing each other to settle relegation issues.[6] The post-split fixtures are usually arranged in such a way as to result in the teams in each half playing each other twice at home and twice away. After the split, teams in the top six cannot finish lower than 6th place, and teams in the bottom six cannot finish higher than 7th place, regardless of the results in the final 5 games. The League campaign begins in August and continues until late April or early May. Most fixtures are played on Saturday afternoons, with occasional fixtures on Friday evenings, and some mid-week games, usually on Tuesday or Wednesday evenings. Traditionally, there are Bank Holiday afternoon fixtures on Boxing Day, New Year's Day and Easter Tuesday. Three points are awarded for a win, and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Points can be deducted for breaches of rules e.g. fielding an ineligible player. The teams are first and foremost ranked by number of points. The team with the most points at the end of the season wins the championship. If two or more teams finish level on points, four tiebreakers are used to separate them: highest overall goal difference, most goals scored, most points gained in the head-to-head meetings, and finally, highest goal difference in the head-to-head meetings. In the highly unlikely event that teams are still tied in a key position after these tiebreakers e.g. determining the league champions, European qualification, or relegation, lots will be drawn by the Management Committee.[6] European qualification
The league champions qualify for the following season's UEFA Champions League. The league runners-up and Irish Cup winners qualify for the UEFA Europa League, with the Irish Cup winners being the highest-ranked of the three Europa League qualifiers. This can mean they enter the Europa League at a later qualifying round than the other two qualifiers. If, however, the Irish Cup winners have already qualified for the Champions League as league champions, the Irish Cup's berth as the highest-ranked qualifiers is redistributed to the league runners-up, with the third-placed team awarded the original berth reserved for the runners-up. If the Irish Cup winners have already qualified for the Europa League as league runners-up, their original berth is upgraded to the Irish Cup's berth as the highest-ranked qualifiers, with the third-placed team again being awarded the original berth reserved for the runners-up. In order to compete in any of these European competitions, however, clubs must possess a UEFA licence. In the event that a team qualifies without such a licence, lower-placed teams may take their place. Unlike the Irish Cup, and the League Cups in England and France, the Northern Ireland Football League Cup winners are not awarded a Europa League berth. However, since the 2016–17 season, the league champions and runners-up have participated in the Scottish Challenge Cup.[7] Play-offs for the final Europa League qualification berth were introduced for the 2015–16 season. If the Irish Cup winners finish seventh or higher in the league, which historically has been the case in the majority of seasons, the four remaining teams from the top seven that have not already qualified for a UEFA competition (the teams in 3rd–7th, excluding either the Irish Cup winners, or the third-placed team if they are awarded the berth as explained above) compete in a series of play-offs for the final place in the Europa League.[6] If, however, the Irish Cup winners finish outside the top seven in the Premiership or play in a lower division, and they possess a UEFA licence, all five teams finishing 3rd–7th will qualify for the play-offs. This will require an additional quarter-final match to be played by the sixth and seventh-placed teams, with the winner joining the other three clubs in the semi-finals.[6] The play-offs are single knockout matches played at the home of the higher-ranked team, with extra time and penalties used to determine the winner if the match ends level after 90 minutes. Seeding is used during all rounds to reward the higher-placed qualifiers, with the sixth-placed team given home advantage against the seventh-placed team in the quarter-final match if it is required. The two higher-ranked semi-finalists are then given home advantage when facing the two lower-ranked semi-finalists, and the highest-ranked finalist is again given home advantage against the lowest-ranked finalist.[6] Promotion and relegationThere is no promotion from the league, as it is the highest division of the league system. At the end of the season, the 12th-placed club is relegated to the NIFL Championship and the 11th-placed club must take part in an aggregate two-legged play-off against the winners of the pre-play-off match between the runners-up and third-placed Championship teams.[6] The away goals rule is applied after 90 minutes of the second leg, with extra time and penalties also used to determine the winner in the second leg if necessary. The Premiership club gets home advantage in the second leg, and is relegated to the Championship if it loses the tie. In the event that the Championship winners do not possess the Promotion licence required to be eligible for the top flight, there is no automatic relegation. Instead, the play-off is passed down to the 12th-placed Premiership club and the 11th-placed club is safe from relegation. In the event that there are no Championship clubs eligible for promotion, there is no relegation.[6] Restructuring and rebrandingThe Northern Ireland Football League assumed responsibility for the top three divisions of national domestic football from the IFA in 2014, putting forward plans to improve the scene of football in Northern Ireland. The plans include improving stadiums, status in European competitions, league structure, commercial image of the competitions, as well as spreading out match kick-off times to be more variable and reintroducing previously abandoned competitions for clubs to compete in, such as the Charity Shield, Floodlit Cup, Ulster Cup and Gold Cup. Media coverageHighlights of individual Premiership matches are available online via the BBC Sport website.[8] BBC NI also produces The Irish League Show, a weekly highlights show available to watch via BBC iPlayer.[1] Live online streams of matches are also broadcast by Bwin.{{fact|date=March 2018}} Since February 2017 Sky Sports have been broadcasting NIFL Premiership games Live.[2] StatisticsThese statistics cover the Premiership from 2008 onwards. For more detailed statistics covering the Irish League since 1890, see Northern Ireland Football LeagueChampions
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