| 词条 | Nike (mythology) |
| 释义 |
| type = Greek | name = Nike | image = Goddess_Nike_at_Ephesus,_Turkey.JPG | alt = | caption = Stone carving of the goddess Nike at the ruins of the ancient city of Ephesus | god_of = Goddess of victory | abode = Mount Olympus | symbol = golden sandals, wings, wreaths | consort = | parents = Pallas and Styx | siblings = Kratos, Bia, Zelus | children = | mount = | Roman_equivalent = Victoria }} In ancient Greek religion, Nike ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|aɪ|k|i}}; {{lang-grc|Νίκη}}, "Victory" {{IPA-el|nǐːkɛː|}}) was a goddess who personified victory. Her Roman equivalent was Victoria. EtymologyThe word νίκη nikē is of uncertain etymology. R. S. P. Beekes has suggested a Pre-Greek origin.[1] Others have connected it to Proto-Indo-European *neik- (“to attack, start vehemently”), making it cognate with Greek νεῖκος (neikos, "strife") and Lithuanian ap-ni̇̀kti ("to attack").[2][3] {{Greek myth (personified)}}FamilyNike was variously described as the daughter of the Titan Pallas and the goddess Styx, and the sister of Kratos (Strength), Bia (Force), and Zelus (Zeal).[4] And Styx the daughter of Ocean was joined to Pallas and bore Zelus (Emulation) and trim-ankled Nike (Victory) in the house. Also she brought forth Cratos (Strength) and Bia (Force), wonderful children. In other sources, Nike was described as the daughter of Ares, the god of war. Ares ... O defender of Olympos, father of warlike Nike (Victory). MythologyNike and her siblings were close companions of Zeus, the dominant deity of the Greek pantheon. According to classical (later) myth, Styx brought them to Zeus when the god was assembling allies for the Titanomachy against the older deities. Nike assumed the role of the divine charioteer, a role in which she often is portrayed in Classical Greek art. Nike flew around battlefields rewarding the victors with glory and fame, symbolized by a wreath of laurel leaves (bay leaves).{{citation needed|date=November 2018}} DepictionNike is seen with wings in most statues and paintings, with one of the most famous being the Winged Victory of Samothrace. Most other winged deities in the Greek pantheon had shed their wings by Classical times. Nike is the goddess of strength, speed, and victory. Nike was a very close acquaintance of Athena, and is thought to have stood in Athena's outstretched hand in the statue of Athena located in the Parthenon.[5] Nike is also one of the most commonly portrayed figures on Greek coins.[6] After victory at the Battle of Marathon, Athenians erected the Nike of Callimachus.[7] Names stemming from Nike include among others: Nikolaos, Nicholas, Nicola, Nick, Nicolai, Niccolò, Nikolai, Nicolae, Nils, Klaas, Nicole, Ike, Niki, Nikita, Nikitas, Nika, Nieke, Naike, Niketas, Nikki, Nico, and Veronica. Contemporary usage
Family tree{{Eurybia and Crius}}See also
Notes1. ^R. S. P. Beekes, Etymological Dictionary of Greek, Brill, 2009, pp. 1021–2. 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=dE5ZAAAAMAAJ&q=%22ap-nikti%22&dq=%22ap-nikti%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGo-7m7IXdAhUkIcAKHQ0ECeQQ6AEILjAB|title=Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen: Ergänzungshefte|first=Wolfgang|last=Blümel|date=24 August 1982|publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht|via=Google Books}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.ie/books?id=PmZgAAAAMAAJ&q=%22ap-nikti%22&dq=%22ap-nikti%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiGo-7m7IXdAhUkIcAKHQ0ECeQQ6AEIODAD|title=Common Slavic: Progress and Problems in Its Reconstruction|first=Henrik|last=Birnbaum|date=24 August 1975|publisher=Slavica Publishers|via=Google Books}} 4. ^Smith, Nice. 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.theoi.com/Daimon/Nike.html |title=Nike: Greek goddess of victory |publisher=Theoi.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-15}} 6. ^{{cite book |title= Ancient Coin Collecting II|last= Sayles|first= Wayne G.|year= 2007|publisher= Krause Publications|isbn= 978-0-89689-516-4|page= 149|url= https://books.google.com/?id=iAnweepmTSMC&pg=PA149&dq=Nike+greek}} 7. ^{{cite web| url= http://www.snf.org/media/2988270/2012-08-27-Pantermalis%20ENG.pdf| title=Nike of Callimachus | last= Pantermalis| first= Dimitris| website= www.snf.org| publisher= Dimitris Pantermalis President of the Acropolis Museum}} 8. ^{{Cite web| last = Levinson| first = Philip| title = How Nike almost ended up with a very different name| work = Business Insider| accessdate = 2017-06-07| url = http://www.businessinsider.com/how-nike-got-its-name-2016-1}} 9. ^{{Cite book| publisher = Hole In The Head Press| isbn = 978-0-615-12012-6| last1 = Morgan| first1 = Mark L.| last2 = Berhow| first2 = Mark A.| title = Rings of Supersonic Steel: Air Defenses of the United States Army 1950-1979 : an Introductory History and Site Guide| date = 2002}} 10. ^Winner's medal for the 1948 Olympic Games in London, Olympic.org. Accessed 5 August 2011. 11. ^{{cite web|title=Picture of 2004 Athens Games Medal|url=http://www.livingroom.org.au/olympics/archives/images/thumbnails/athens_medal.jpg|accessdate=2010-01-28}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.onlytrial.com/1/the_honda_logotype_120282.html|title=The Honda logotype {{!}} The Honda Trials History|last=|first=|date=|website=www.onlytrial.com|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-05-19}} References
External links
7 : Personifications in Greek mythology|Greek goddesses|War goddesses|Greek war deities|Victory|Greek Antiquity in art and culture|Offspring of Ares |
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