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词条 Niki Tsongas
释义

  1. Family, education, and career

  2. U.S. House of Representatives

     Elections  Tenure 

  3. See also

  4. References

  5. External links

{{Good article}}{{use mdy dates|date=May 2013}}{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Niki Tsongas
|image = Niki Tsongas official portrait - 112th Congress (2012).jpg
|state = Massachusetts
|district = {{ushr|MA|3|3rd}}
|term_start = January 3, 2013
|term_end = January 3, 2019
|predecessor = Jim McGovern
|successor = Lori Trahan
|state1 = Massachusetts
|district1 = {{ushr|MA|5|5th}}
|term_start1 = October 16, 2007
|term_end1 = January 3, 2013
|predecessor1 = Marty Meehan
|successor1 = Ed Markey
|birth_name = Nicola Dickson Sauvage
|birth_date = {{birth date and age|1946|4|26}}
|birth_place = Chico, California, U.S.
|death_date =
|death_place =
|party = Democratic
|spouse = {{marriage|Paul Tsongas|1969|1997|end=died}}
|children = 3
|education = Michigan State University
Smith College (BA)
Boston University (JD)
|website = {{url|tsongas.house.gov|House website}}
}}Nicola Dickson "Niki" Sauvage Tsongas ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɒ|ŋ|ɡ|ə|s}}; born April 26, 1946) is an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts from 2007 to 2019. From 2013 to 2019, she represented {{ushr|MA|3}}. From 2007 to 2013 she represented {{ushr|MA|5}}, the district her husband, Paul Tsongas, served prior to being elected to the United States Senate. She is a member of the Democratic Party. In August 2017, Tsongas announced that she would not seek another term in the November 2018 election.[1]

Family, education, and career

Tsongas was born Nicola Dickson Sauvage on April 26, 1946, in Chico, California. Her mother, Marian Susan (née Wyman), was an artist and copywriter, and her father, Colonel Russell Elmer Sauvage, was an engineer in the United States Army Air Forces who survived the attack on Pearl Harbor.[2] Tsongas graduated in 1964 from Narimasu American High School in Japan while her father was stationed at Fuchu Air Force Base. She spent one year at Michigan State University, then transferred to Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts, graduating in 1968 with a Bachelor of Arts in religion.[3][4] After college she moved to New York City, where she took a job as a social worker for the Department of Welfare.[5] Tsongas earned her Juris Doctor from Boston University and started Lowell's first all-female law practice.[6]

Tsongas interned in Arlington, Virginia, for presidential candidate Eugene McCarthy during summer 1967; at a party there she met Paul Tsongas, then an aide to Republican Congressman Brad Morse. In 1969, she married Paul; they had three daughters: Ashley, Katina, and Molly.[7][8] Paul served in the House from {{ushr|MA|5}} from 1975 to 1979, and the Senate from 1979 to 1985. After being diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, he declined to seek a second term in the Senate; he resigned the day before his term expired. The Tsongases moved from Washington, D.C., back to Massachusetts for Paul to undergo treatments.[9] After seemingly being cured of his disease, in 1992 Paul ran for the Democratic nomination for president; he came in third behind former California Governor Jerry Brown and eventual winner Bill Clinton. Paul's cancer later returned; he died of pneumonia and liver failure on January 18, 1997.

Prior to her election to the House, Tsongas worked as the Dean of External Affairs at Middlesex Community College,[5] as a Board Member of Fallon Health[10] and on the Lowell Civic Stadium and Arena Commission, which oversees several sites, including the Tsongas Arena.[5] In 2001, Representative Marty Meehan appointed Tsongas to head a foundation to provide education funding for children of the victims of the September 11 attacks.[11]

U.S. House of Representatives

Elections

After Marty Meehan resigned in 2007 to serve as Chancellor of the University of Massachusetts Lowell, Tsongas ran in the special election. She defeated four other candidates to win the Democratic primary with 36% of the vote.[12] During her initial campaign Tsongas received endorsements from The Boston Globe, the Boston Herald, and the Lowell Sun.[13][14] During the general election, former President Bill Clinton, who defeated her husband for the Democratic nomination in 1992, campaigned for her. At an event in Lowell, Clinton remarked: "Congress will be a better place because she is there."[15] Tsongas won the special election against Republican Jim Ogonowski with 51% of the vote on October 17;[16] she became the only female Representative from Massachusetts, and the first female representative from Massachusetts since the 1983 retirement of Margaret Heckler, who became Secretary of Health and Human Services under Ronald Reagan.

After running unopposed in 2008, in 2010 Tsongas faced Republican Jon Golnik, a small businessman and former Wall Street currency trader. During the campaign Tsongas attacked Golnik's history as a Vice President of AIG,[17] which Golnik called hypocritical as she owned stock in AIG and other large corporations.[18] Tsongas defeated Golnik with 52% of the vote.[19] Following redistricting after the 2010 census, Tsongas ran for reelection in the reconfigured {{ushr|MA|3}} in 2012. In a rematch, she again defeated Golnik.[20]

Tenure

{{U.S. Congress committee assignments
|congress = 114
|ref = [21]
|committees =
  • Armed Services
    • Military Personnel
    • Tactical Air and Land Forces
  • Natural Resources
    • Energy and Mineral Resources
    • Federal Lands

}}

A major issue in her initial election was whether the two candidates would vote to override President George W. Bush's veto of an expansion of the State Children's Health Insurance Program. Tsongas said she would, and it was reported that Ogonowski would not.[22] Hours after being sworn into office on October 18, Tsongas voted to override, but the vote failed to achieve the necessary two-thirds majority.[23]

As a candidate in 2007, Tsongas promised to withdraw troops and end the Iraq War.[24] The first bill she introduced aimed to do this by implementing a timetable for withdrawal from Iraq; the bill died in committee.[25] In 2010, along with other women in Congress, including House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, Tsongas visited Afghanistan to oversee the war effort. Upon returning, she spoke of the need for the involvement of women in rebuilding of government.[26]

Tsongas is an advocate for universal health care and supports a public health insurance option.[27][28] In 2010 she voted for the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act.[29] In 2012 Tsongas joined a Republican-led effort to repeal a 2.3% sales tax on medical-device manufacturers, which passed the House 270–146; 36 other Democrats voted for it.[30] Tsongas is pro-choice and received a 100% approval rating from Planned Parenthood in 2008.[31] A supporter of LGBT rights, she cosponsored the Respect for Marriage Act to repeal the Defense of Marriage Act;[32] and voted for the Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010, which allows gays and lesbians to serve openly in the United States Armed Forces.

Following Anthony Weiner's first sexting scandal, Tsongas was the only Representative from Massachusetts to call for his resignation, saying, "it would be appropriate for {{interp|him}} to step down."[33] In the 2012 Massachusetts Senate election, Tsongas was the first major Democratic politician to endorse the winner, Elizabeth Warren, whom she called "a fighter for middle-class families".[34] After President Barack Obama appointed John Kerry as United States Secretary of State, there was much speculation that Tsongas would run for his seat, which her husband had previously held.[35] She briefly considered a run, but decided she would best be able to serve the people of Massachusetts by staying in the House, and endorsed fellow Representative Ed Markey.[36][37]

In January 2013, Tsongas introduced the Nashua River Wild and Scenic River Study Act (H.R. 412; 113th Congress), a bill that would amend the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act to designate certain segments of the Nashua River in Massachusetts for study for potential addition to the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System.[38] Tsongas discussed the river's history and past pollution problems in her testimony about the bill.[39] She argued that the study would allow stakeholders to work together to "ensure that it remains a great place for canoeing, fishing, and enjoying the outdoors."[39]

Tsongas is a member of the Congressional Arts Caucus[40] and the U.S.-Japan Caucus.[41]

See also

  • Women in the United States House of Representatives

References

1. ^{{cite news |last=Phillips |first=Frank |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2017/08/09/niki-tsongas-lowell-democrat-leave-congress/wi1lc3GMXB51jv4dmVgrNM/story.html |title=Lowell Democrat Niki Tsongas won’t seek another term in Congress |work=The Boston Globe |date=2017-08-09 |accessdate=2017-08-09 }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bu.edu/phpbin/news-cms/news/?dept=634&id=56501|title=MA Congresswoman Niki Tsongas ('88) Running for Re-election|date=August 24, 2010|accessdate=January 11, 2013|work=Boston University School of Law|author=Elina Troshina}}
3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.womenspeecharchive.org/women/profile/index.cfm?ProfileID=250|title=Women Profiles: Niki Tsongas|accessdate=January 11, 2013|work=Iowa State University}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.usafa.edu/superintendent/pa/bov/style/support/bios/tsongas.html|title=The Honorable Niki Tsongas|accessdate=January 11, 2013|work=United States Air Force Academy}}
5. ^1 2 {{harvnb|Tsongas|2009}}.
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.telegram.com/article/20121102/COULTER01/111029917/0/COULTER02|title=Tsongas, Golnik compete in rematch|date=November 2, 2012|accessdate=January 11, 2013|author=Ken Cleveland |work=The Item}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/11/23/AR2007112301745.html|title=Mrs. Tsongas Comes to Washington|work=The Washington Post|date=November 24, 2007|accessdate=January 11, 2013|author=Sridhar Pappu}}
8. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/21/us/1992-campaign-man-paul-ethemios-tsongas-politician-who-thought-he-could.html?pagewanted=2|title=THE 1992 CAMPAIGN Man in the News: Paul Ethemios Tsongas; A Politician Who Thought He Could|date=February 21, 1992|accessdate=January 11, 2013|work=The New York Times|author=Karen De Witt}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-7663123.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160120071036/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-7663123.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=January 20, 2016|title=NIKI TSONGAS STANDS BY HER MAN Paul Tsongas' wife says his cancer's the past, presidency is his future|work=The Boston Globe|date=June 4, 1991|accessdate=April 6, 2013|author=Carol Stocker}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.achp.org/achp_news/niki-tsongas-board-member-of-fallon-community-health-plan-elected-to-congress/|title=Niki Tsongas, Board Member of Fallon Community Health Plan, Elected to Congress|date=October 24, 2007|accessdate=January 11, 2013|work=Alliance of Community Health Plans}}
11. ^{{cite news |first=Gloria |last=Negri |date=August 26, 2002 |url=https://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/155340241.html?FMT=ABS |title=Scholarship fund helps 9/11 families |work=The Boston Globe |page=B3 |accessdate=September 26, 2010}}
12. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2007/09/05/tsongas_wins_primary_for_5th/?page=full|title=Tsongas wins primary for 5th|date=September 5, 2007|accessdate=January 11, 2013 |author=Matt Viser and Eric Moskowitz|work=The Boston Globe}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nikitsongas.com/press/082807-GlobeandHerald.pdf|title=Niki Tsongas Endorsed by Boston Globe and Boston Herald|publisher=Niki Tsongas for Congress|accessdate=October 15, 2007|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013091644/http://nikitsongas.com/press/082807-GlobeandHerald.pdf|archivedate=October 13, 2007}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bluemassgroup.com/showDiary.do?diaryId=9007|title=Sun backs Tsongas|publisher=Blue Mass. Group|accessdate=2007-10-15|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071017194051/http://www.bluemassgroup.com/showDiary.do?diaryId=9007|archivedate=October 17, 2007|df=mdy-all}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rollcall.com/issues/53_30/-20096-1.html|title=President Clinton Will Stump for Niki Tsongas|date=September 20, 2007|accessdate=March 19, 2013|author=Josh Kurtz|work=Roll Call}}
16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2007/10/17/tsongas_wins_in_fifth_district/?page=full|title=Tsongas wins in Fifth District|date=October 17, 2007|accessdate=January 11, 2013|author=Eric Moskowitz|work=The Boston Globe}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lowellsun.com/todaysheadlines/ci_16436062|title=Tsongas targets Golnik's work|author=Lyle Moran|date=October 26, 2010|accessdate=March 19, 2013|work=The Sun (Lowell)}}
18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lowellsun.com/rss/ci_16415334|title=Golnik: Tsongas' former investments make her attacks 'hypocritical'|date=October 25, 2013|accessdate=April 5, 2013|author=Lyle Moran|work=The Sun (Lowell)}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hgazette.com/local/x2073121697/Tsongas-defeats-Golnik-will-return-to-D-C-for-second-full-term/print|title=Tsongas defeats Golnik, will return to D.C. for second full term|date=November 4, 2010|accessdate=March 19, 2013|author=Ross Marrinson|work=Haverhill Gazette}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eagletribune.com/election/x257825677/Tsongas-wins-over-Golnik-for-Congress|title=Tsongas wins over Golnik for Congress|date=November 6, 2012|accessdate=March 19, 2013|work=The Eagle-Tribune|author=Brian Messenger}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rollcall.com/members/26843.html|title=Rep. Niki Tsongas (D-Mass)|publisher=Roll Call (CQ)}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eagletribune.com/local/x1876396103/5th-District-race-Ogonowski-Tsongas-tangle-over-Bush-veto|title=5th District race: Ogonowski, Tsongas tangle over Bush veto|date=October 5, 2007|accessdate=March 19, 2013|work=The Eagle-Tribune|author=Edward Mason|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130410181940/http://www.eagletribune.com/local/x1876396103/5th-District-race-Ogonowski-Tsongas-tangle-over-Bush-veto|archivedate=April 10, 2013|df=mdy-all}}
23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/globe/city_region/breaking_news/2007/10/after_taking_oa.html |title=After taking oath, Tsongas votes to override veto |date=October 18, 2007 |accessdate=March 19, 2013 |work=The Boston Globe |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120215194532/http://www.boston.com/news/globe/city_region/breaking_news/2007/10/after_taking_oa.html |archivedate=February 15, 2012 }}
24. ^{{cite news|last=Finucane|first=Martin|date=January 8, 2008 |url=http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2008/01/08/tsongas_to_visit_troops_battling_in_the_mideast/|title=Tsongas to visit troops in the Middle East|work=The Boston Globe|accessdate=September 27, 2010}}
25. ^{{harvnb|McCutcheon|Lyons|2009}}
26. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/news/politics/politicalintelligence/2010/05/tsongas_returns.html|title=Tsongas returns from Afghanistan trip|author=Matt Viser|date=May 11, 2010|accessdate=January 13, 2013|work=The Boston Globe}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://bluemassgroup.com/2007/04/on-universal-health-care/|title=On Universal Health Care|date=April 25, 2007|accessdate=March 18, 2013|author=Niki Tsongas|work=Blue Mass Group}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wickedlocal.com/littleton/news/x1972890185/Rep-Tsongas-reports-to-district#axzz2Nr2HSfOg|title=Rep. Tsongas reports to district|date=November 5, 2009|accessdate=March 18, 2013|author=Jesse Floyd|work=Wicked Local - Littleton}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.eagletribune.com/local/x674153218/Rematch-Tsongas-vs-Golnik-in-new-3rd-District/print|title=Rematch: Tsongas vs. Golnik in new 3rd District|date=October 28, 2012|accessdate=January 12, 2013|author=Brian Messenger|work=The Eagle-Tribune}}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sentinelandenterprise.com/ci_20820630/tsongas-backs-repeal-tax-medical-devices|title=Tsongas backs repeal tax on medical devices|date=June 9, 2012|accessdate=April 7, 2013|work=SentinelandEnterprise.com|author=Chris Camire}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://jezebel.com/5973260/101-facts-about-100-women-of-the-house-and-senate|title=101 Facts About 100 Women of the House and Senate|date=January 5, 2013|accessdate=March 18, 2013|author=Erin Gloria Ryan|work=Jezebel}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.freedomtomarry.org/resources/entry/list-of-co-sponsors|title=Respect for Marriage Act Co-Sponsors|work=Freedom to Marry|accessdate=March 18, 2013}}
33. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.boston.com/bostonglobe/editorial_opinion/editorials/articles/2011/06/16/weinergate_only_tsongas_speaks_out/|title=Weinergate: Only Tsongas speaks out|author=Joanne Rathe|date=June 16, 2011|accessdate=March 19, 2013|work=The Boston Globe}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.masslive.com/politics/index.ssf/2011/10/rep_niki_tsongas_endorses_eliz.html|title=Rep. Niki Tsongas endorses Elizabeth Warren for Senate|date=October 4, 2011|accessdate=March 19, 2013|work=The Republican (Springfield, Massachusetts)}}
35. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2012/12/15/speculation-heats-up-on-mass-senate-race-as-kerry-emerges-as-top-obama-pick/|title=Obama purportedly to nominate Kerry, sparking speculation about his Senate seat|date=December 15, 2012|accessdate=March 19, 2013|author=Ed Henry and Chad Pergram|work=Fox News Channel}}
36. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.wbur.org/2012/12/28/tsongas-senate-run|title=Tsongas Will Not Run For Senate; Kerry Supports Markey|date=December 28, 2013|accessdate=March 18, 2013|work=WBUR}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lowellsun.com/todaysheadlines/ci_22279732/tsongas-rules-out-run-kerrys-seat-markeys-support|title=Tsongas rules out run for Kerry's seat as Markey's support grows|author=Josh Collins|work=The Sun (Lowell)|date=December 29, 2012|accessdate=March 19, 2013}}
38. ^{{cite web|title=H.R. 412 - Summary|url=https://beta.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-bill/412|publisher=United States Congress|accessdate=23 June 2014}}
39. ^1 {{cite web|title=Tsongas testifies in favor of bill to designate Nashua River as Wild and Scenic|url=http://tsongas.house.gov/press-releases/tsongas-testifies-in-favor-of-bill-to-designate-nashua-river-as-wild-scenic/|publisher=House Office of Rep. Tsongas|accessdate=23 June 2014|date=6 June 2013}}
40. ^{{cite web|title=Membership|author=|url=https://artscaucus-slaughter.house.gov/membership|format=|publisher=Congressional Arts Caucus|date=|accessdate=21 March 2018}}
41. ^{{cite web|title=Members|author=|url=https://usjapancaucus-castro.house.gov/members|format=|publisher=U.S. - Japan Caucus|date=|accessdate=9 January 2019}}

External links

  • {{Dmoz|Regional/North_America/United_States/Massachusetts/Government/Federal/US_House_of_Representatives/Niki_Tsongas_%5BD-3%5D}}
  • {{CongLinks | congbio=T000465 | votesmart=89417 | fec=H8MA05143 | congress=niki-tsongas/1884 }}
  • {{C-SPAN|Nicola Tsongas}}
{{s-start}}{{s-par|us-hs}}{{s-bef|before=Marty Meehan}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 5th congressional district|years=2007–2013}}{{s-aft|after=Ed Markey}}
|-{{s-bef|before=Jim McGovern}}{{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district|years=2013–2019}}{{s-aft|after=Lori Trahan}}{{s-end}}{{USRepMA}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tsongas, Niki}}

19 : 1946 births|21st-century American politicians|21st-century American women politicians|American people of French descent|American social workers|American women lawyers|Boston University School of Law alumni|Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives|Female members of the United States House of Representatives|Living people|Massachusetts Democrats|Members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts|People from Chico, California|Politicians from Lowell, Massachusetts|Smith College alumni|Spouses of Massachusetts politicians|Spouses of members of the United States House of Representatives|Spouses of United States Senators|Women in Massachusetts politics
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