“Nikola Jorgić”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Nikola Jorgić (1946, Doboj, Bosnia-Herzegovina – 8 June 2014, Germany) was a Bosnian Serb from the Doboj region who was a soldier of a paramilitary group located in his native area.^[1] On 26 September 1997, he was convicted of genocide in Germany. This was the first conviction won against participants in the Bosnian Genocide. Jorgić was sentenced to four terms of life imprisonment for his involvement in the Bosnian Genocide.

Background

The Oberlandesgericht found that the paramilitary group had joined in the Bosnian Serb government's terrorist activities. Jorgić, who had been a resident of Germany from May 1969 until 1992, was responsible for multiple crimes. Among his actions was the massacre in Grabska, where 22 villagers - including the elderly and disabled - were executed before the rest of the villagers were expelled. He was also deemed responsible for the death of seven villagers in Sevarlije. His appeal following his conviction was rejected by the German Bundesgerichtshof (Federal Supreme Court) on 30 April 1999.^[2] On 12 July 2007, European Court of Human Rights dismissed Jorgić's appeal.^[3]

Maksim Sokolović & Novislav Đajić

Another Bosnian genocide-related convictions by the German courts was that of Maksim Sokolović, convicted on 29 November 1999, for aiding and abetting the crime of genocide and for grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions. In 2001, Sokolović was sentenced to nine years' imprisonment for complicity in genocide committed in Kalesija. He has since been freed upon completion of the term.^[4]

Novislav Đajić (born 1963) was also indicted for participation in genocide, but the court failed to find sufficient certainty for a criminal conviction that he had the intent to commit genocide. Đajić was found guilty of complicity in 14 cases of murder and one case of attempted murder.^[5] At the Đajić appeal on 23 May 1997, the Bavarian Appeals Chamber found that acts of genocide were committed in June 1992, confined within the administrative district of Foča.^[6] Đajić was sentenced to 5 years imprisonment by the Bavarian Higher Regional Court on 23 May 1997. He was released early and deported to a third country.^[7]

References

Further reading

Footnotes

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.preventgenocide.org/punish/GermanFederalCourt.htm|title=Federal High Court of Germany: Translation of Press Release into English Nr. 39 on 30 April 1999: Federal High Court makes basic ruling on genocide}} {{cite web|url=http://www.preventgenocide.org/aboutus|title=Prevent Genocide International|accessdate=2 May 2015}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/09/27/world/german-court-sentences-serb-to-life-for-genocide-in-bosnia.html|title=Nikola Jorgić profile at|publisher=nytimes.com|date=27 September 1997|accessdate=5 August 2015}}
3. ^[https://wcd.coe.int/ViewDoc.jsp?id=1163649&Site=COE Jorgić v. Germany Judgement], wcd.coe.int, 12 July 2007; accessed 5 August 2015.
4. ^Maksim Sokolović profile {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071013164400/http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/maksim_sokolovic_139.html |date=October 13, 2007 }}, trial-ch.org; accessed 5 August 2015.
5. ^Novislav Đajić profile {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012000000/http://www.trial-ch.org/en/trial-watch/profile/db/legal-procedures/novislav_djajic_135.html |date=October 12, 2007 }}, trial-ch.org; accessed 2 May 2015.
6. ^Prosecutor v. Radislav Krstic - Trial Chamber I - Judgement - IT-98-33 (2001) ICTY8 (2 August 2001), The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, paragraph 589. citing Bavarian Appeals Court, Novislav Đajić case, 23 May 1997, 3 St 20/96, section VI, p. 24 of the English translation.
7. ^"Europe's human rights court upholds term for Bosnian Serb convicted of genocide", b92.net; accessed 5 August 2015.