词条 | Nina Paley |
释义 |
| image = Nina Paley Chiaroscuro.jpg | image_size = | caption = Nina Paley (2006) | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1968|5|3|mf=y}} | birth_place = Urbana, Illinois | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = American | area = Writer, cartoonist, animator | alias = | notable works = {{plainlist|
}} | awards = }} Nina Paley (born May 3, 1968) is an American cartoonist, animator and free culture activist.[1] She was the artist and often the writer of the comic strips Nina's Adventures and Fluff, but most of her recent work has been in animation.[2] She is perhaps best known for creating the animated feature film Sita Sings the Blues, loosely based on the Ramayana, with parallels to her personal life. In 2018, she completed her second animated feature, Seder-Masochism, a retelling of The Book of Exodus as patriarchy emerging from goddess worship. Paley distributes much of her work, including Nina’s Adventures, Fluff, and all the original work in Sita Sings The Blues, under a copyleft licence. Early lifePaley was born in Urbana, Illinois,[3] the daughter of Jean (Passovoy) and Hiram Paley.[4] Her family was Jewish.[5][6] Her father was a mathematics professor at the University of Illinois and was mayor of Urbana for a term in the early 1970s.[7] She attended local elementary and high schools, graduating from University High School in 1986.[8] She illustrated a "History of the North Pole" comic in collaboration with University High School history teacher Chris Butler, and attended the University of Illinois, studying art for two years before dropping out. While in college, her comic "Joyride" ran in The Daily Illini newspaper.[8] Her first animation was made when she was 13; it was recorded on Super-8 reels. Her first animation as an adult was the short story Follow your Bliss. Her second clay animation, I Heart My Cat, was shot on a Krasnogorsk camera. These two, along with Cancer, were found on VHS with the description "NINA PALEY DEMO REEL 1998". In 2012, Paley decided to publish them under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike license.[9] Nina's Adventures and other workIn 1988, Paley moved to Santa Cruz, California, and began to write and draw the strip Nina's Adventures. In 1991, she illustrated The Santa Cruz Haggadah[10] and moved to San Francisco. In 1995, she began to draw the more mainstream Fluff, a comic strip about a cat, which enjoyed a modest success in syndication. In 1998, she also began to experiment with animation.[11] In 1999, she made the world's first cameraless IMAX film, Pandorama,[12] a short Modernist film which was shown widely at major film festivals in 35 mm form during 2000 and 2001. In 70 mm form, it also ran for about a year as a short feature at Berlin Cinestar and has been shown at IMAX theaters elsewhere. In 2002, she wrote and directed Fetch!, a humorous short cartoon feature based on a variety of optical illusions, which has enjoyed popularity ever since.[13][14] Beginning in 2002, Paley focused her work on the controversial subject of population growth. The most notable entry she produced on this subject was The Stork, in which the natural environment is bombed to destruction by storks dropping bundled babies. The film is a compact expression of the conflict between increasing human population and the ecosystem in which it must live. The 3½ minute film was a considerable success at festivals and resulted in an invitation to the Sundance Film Festival.[14] During this period of this time, Paley also contributed several comic strips for the Voluntary Human Extinction Movement, of which she is a member and occasional spokesperson.[15] Her work for the group still remains on their official website.[16] Early in 2010, Paley started drawing a three-panel comic strip called Mimi & Eunice. She is distributing it on the web using a copyleft license.[17] In 2012, Paley posted an animation to Vimeo titled This Land Is Mine depicting the Middle East conflicts over history; it was named a Staff Pick.[18] Between projects, Paley has worked as a freelance director at Duck Studios in Los Angeles.[19] She has also taught in the Design and Technology section of Parsons, part of The New School.[22] Feature filmsAs of 2018, Paley has created two animated feature films. Sita Sings the BluesIn 2002, Paley moved to Trivandrum, India, where her husband had taken a job. While she was visiting New York City on business concerning her third comic strip, The Hots, her husband terminated their marriage. Unable to return to either Trivandrum or San Francisco, she moved to Brooklyn, New York. Her personal crisis caused her to see more deeply into the Ramayana, the Indian epic, which she had encountered in India, and motivated her to produce a short animation which combines an episode from the Ramayana with a torch song recorded in 1929 by Annette Hanshaw, "Mean To Me".[20] Paley later added episodes and other material to the work, which is now called Sita Sings the Blues. Many of the episodes appeared in animation festivals. She expanded it into a feature-length treatment of the Ramayana focused on Rama's wife, Sita, using a variety of animation styles and techniques. The finished work premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 11, 2008[21][22] and had its North American premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 25, 2008.[23] The film was screened at more than 150 film festivals globally[27] and was broadcast on PBS in New York City.[28] For her work on Sita Sings the Blues, Paley was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award[24] and garnered more than 35 international awards,[27] including the top award at Annecy in 2008.[25] The New York Times review of Sita described it as "ambitious and visually loaded" and the film was named a NYT Critic's Pick.[26] Seder-MasochismIn 2011 she began work on a project called Seder-Masochism,[27][6] an animated film about The Exodus, showing the rise of patriarchy and the fall of goddess worship. Early support was obtained for the project through a crowd-funding campaign on Kickstarter.[28] In June 2018, after having worked sporadically on the film for six years, Seder-Masochism premiered at the Annecy International Animated Film Festival in France.[29][30][31] Reviewers compared Paley's style to Monty Python, and praised the film's irreverent humor.[32][33] In Poland, the film was screened at the ANIMATOR film festival where it was chosen by the audience as the festival's best feature-length animated film.[34] Free culture activismBecause of obstacles in clearing the rights to Hanshaw's recordings for the Sita Sings the Blues, Paley took active part in the free culture movement.[35][36] Since 2009 she is an artist-in-residence at the non-profit organization QuestionCopyright.org,[27] which includes running the projects "Minute Memes" and the "Sita Distribution Project".[37] "Minute Memes"[38] is a series of short ("one-minute") video "memes" made by Paley about copyright restrictions and artistic freedom. She wrote and performed the song "Copying Isn't Theft" meant to be freely remixed by other people,[39] with the animated clip issued as Minute Meme #1.[40] Subsequent animations in this series are "All Creative Work Is Derivative",[41] EFF Tribute[42] and "Credit is Due: The Attribution Song".[43] She also wrote "Understanding Free Content", an illustrated guide to the idea of free content.[44] In 2010 she started a new comic strip Mimi & Eunice, highlighting intellectual property problems and paradoxes.[2] She has published much of her work, including Nina’s Adventures, Fluff, and all original work in Sita Sings The Blues, under a copyleft licence.[45] The website for Sita Sings the Blues includes a wiki where its fans contributed translated subtitles for the DVD of the film.[46] On January 18, 2013, Paley posted on her blog that the copyright license for Sita Sings The Blues was being switched from CC-BY-SA to CC-0, thus placing the work into the public domain.[47] In 2012 she was a special guest at the international CopyCamp conference in Warsaw.[48] Paley won a Public Knowledge IP3 award in 2010 "for her work in intellectual property".[49] Personal lifeThough of Jewish ancestry, Paley is an atheist[6] as was her father.[50][51] She has been especially critical of Judaism and considers it a form of indoctrination and exploitation.[52] Paley is openly childfree,[51] a position she actively promotes and encourages others to adopt.[53] In 2011, she began making art quilts, some of which she has featured on her official blog.[54] The first public exhibition of her quilts was held in June 2013 in central Illinois.[55] WorksComic strips
Filmography
Media Appearances
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.ninapaley.com/2009/03/18/my-official-position-on-copyright/ |title=My Official Position on Copyright |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=March 18, 2009 |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.lambiek.net/artists/p/paley_nina.htm|title=Nina Paley|author= |date=October 11, 2017 |website=Lambiek Comiclopedia|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm1315434/?ref_=nv_sr_1 |title=Nina Paley |author= |date=2018 |website=www.imdb.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.heathandvaughn.com/paley,_hiram.html|title=Obituaries: Hiram Paley|author= |date=January 2012|website=www.heathandvaughn.com |access-date=August 6, 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1850676295/seder-masochism-phase-i/posts/135921 |title=Seder Masochism: Phase I |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=September 8, 2011 |website=www.kickstarter.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite news |last=Merli |first=Melissa |date=October 21, 2012 |title=Studio Visit: Nina Paley |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/news/local/2012-10-21/studio-visit-nina-paley.html |work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 6, 2018}} 7. ^{{cite news |last=Wade |first=Patrick |date=January 10, 2012 |title=Life Remembered: Hiram Paley was a leading progressive for Urbana |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/news/local/2012-01-10/life-remembered-hiram-paley-was-leading-progressive-urbana.html |work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 6, 2018}} 8. ^1 {{cite news |last=Merli |first=Melissa |date=May 18, 2008 |title=First movie 'a full-time job' for Uni High grad, illustrator |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/living/2008-05-18/first-movie-full-time-job-uni-high-grad-illustrator.html |work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 2, 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.ninapaley.com/2012/01/21/ye-olde-animation/ |title=Ye Olde Animation |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=January 21, 2012|website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 10. ^{{cite book |last= Roekard |first=Karen G.R. |date=1991 |title=The Santa Cruz Haggadah : a Passover Haggadah, coloring book, and journal for the evolving consciousness|others=illustrations by Nina Paley |edition=private|location=Capitola, CA |publisher=Hineni Consciousness Press|isbn= 9780962891380 |oclc=52729227}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ninapaley.com/bio.html |title=Big Long Nina Paley Biography|last=Paley |first=Nina |date=October 2005 |website=www.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ninapaley.com/pandoramahome.html|title=Pandorama |last=Paley |first=Nina |website=www.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 6, 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0350927/?ref_=nm_knf_t4 |title=Fetch! (2002) |author= |date=2018 |website=IMDb.com |access-date=August 7, 2018}} 14. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.speculist.com/archives/000312.html |title=An Animated Discussion: Speaking of the Future with Nina Paley|author= |date=October 16, 2003 |website=www.speculist.com|access-date=August 7, 2018}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=https://bloggingheads.tv/videos/2707 |title= Nina Paley and Mike Treder|author= |date=September 11, 2010 |website=bloggingheads.tv |publisher= The Nonzero Foundation|access-date=August 13, 2018}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://vhemt.org/paleyart.htm |title= VHEMT-related cartoons|author= |website=vhemt.org |publisher=Voluntary Human Extinction Movement |access-date=August 13, 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web |url= http://blog.ninapaley.com/2010/03/09/mimi-eunice/ |title=Mimi & Eunice |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=March 9, 2010 |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 13, 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web |url= http://vimeo.com/50531435 |title=This Land is Mine |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=October 1, 2012 |website=vimeo.com|access-date=August 13, 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.animationinsider.net/article.php?articleID=2566|title= Tiny Inventions Takes to DUCK Studios |date=September 29, 2010 |publisher=Animation Insider|access-date=August 13, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101025104615/http://www.animationinsider.net/article.php?articleID=2566 |archive-date=October 25, 2010}} 20. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.flashgoddess.com/html/gallery_NinaPaley.html |title=Featured artist - Nina Paley: Sita Sings the Blues |author= |date=October 2005 |website=www.flashgoddess.com|access-date=August 14, 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1172203/releaseinfo?ref_=tt_ql_dt_2 |title=Sita Sings the Blues (2008) Release Info |author= |date=October 2, 2010 |website=www.imdb.com|access-date=August 14, 2018}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://archive.ebertfest.media.illinois.edu/eleven/sita_sings_the_blues.html |title= Sita Sings the Blues|last=Ebert |first=Roger |date=2009 |website=Ebertfest.media.illinois.edu |publisher=Roger Ebert's Film Festival |access-date=August 14, 2018}} 23. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.tribecafilm.com/filmguide/archive/512ce78a1c7d76e046000db0-sita-sings-the-blues |title=Discovery: Sita Sings the Blues |author= |date=April 2008 |website=www.tribecafilm.com |publisher=Tribeca Film Festival |access-date=August 14, 2018}} 24. ^{{cite web|date=December 2, 2008|last1=Moody|first1=Annemarie|title=Sita Sings Blues Creator Nominated For Indie Spirit Award|url=https://www.awn.com/news/sita-sings-blues-creator-nominated-indie-spirit-award|website=Animation World Network|accessdate=May 8, 2018}} 25. ^{{cite news |last= Ramanathan|first= Lavanya |date=September 25, 2008 |title= An Ancient Tale, Newly Animated |url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/09/24/AR2008092404245.html |work=The Washington Post|access-date=August 11, 2018}} 26. ^{{cite news |last=Scott |first=A.O. |date=December 24, 2009 |title=Legendary Breakups: Good (Animated) Women Done Wrong in India |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/25/movies/25sita.html |work=The New York Times |access-date=August 7, 2018}} 27. ^{{cite web |url= http://blog.ninapaley.com/category/seder-masochism/|title=Where is Seder-Masochism |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=July 16, 2018 |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 18, 2018}} 28. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1850676295/seder-masochism-phase-i |title=Seder Masochism: Phase I |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=September 8, 2011 |website= www.kickstarter.com |access-date=August 18, 2018}} 29. ^{{cite web|title=Annecy 2018: 23 Animated Feature Films In Official Selection |author=Amid Amidi| date=April 23, 2018| url=https://www.cartoonbrew.com/feature-film/annecy-2018-23-animated-feature-films-in-official-selection-157991.html|website=Cartoon Brew|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 30. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8328612/releaseinfo?ref_=tt_ql_dt_2 |title=Seder-Masochism (2018) Release Info |author= |date=June 2018 |website=www.imdb.com|access-date=August 14, 2018}} 31. ^{{cite web |url=https://variety.com/2018/film/festivals/annecy-seder-masochism-nina-paley-1202839427/ |title=Annency: 'Seder-Masochism' Director Nina Paley: 'I Have No Idea How This Movie Will Go Into the World'|last=Croll |first=Ben |date=June 10, 2018 |website=variety.com |access-date=August 14, 2018}} 32. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.elmundo.es/cultura/cine/2018/06/14/5b222e9ce5fdea49598b45ba.html |author=Luis Martinez |title=El patriarcado desacralizado y otros milagros de la animación radical en Annecy |language=Spanish |date=June 14, 2018 |work=El Mundo|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 33. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.courte-focale.fr/cinema/festivals/annecy-2018/annecy-seder-masochism/ |title=Annecy 2018 | Wall / Seder-Masochism |author=Matthieu Ruard |date=June 2018 |work=Courte-Focale |language=French |access-date=August 15, 2018}} 34. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.animator-festival.com/en/posts/here-are-the-winners--2 |title=Here Are the Winners |date=July 12, 2018 |publisher=ANIMATOR festival |access-date=August 15, 2018}} 35. ^{{cite news |last=Bell |first=Melissa |date=April 6, 2012 |title= Online leaders look to create offline experiences|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/2012/04/05/gIQAUH5E0S_story.html |work=The Washington Post|access-date=August 11, 2018}} 36. ^1 {{cite news |last=Merli |first=Melissa |date=April 20, 2009 |title=Urbana native’s film part of her push for free culture |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/local/2009-04-20/urbana-natives-film-part-her-push-free-culture.html|work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 11, 2018}} 37. ^{{cite web |url=http://questioncopyright.org/about |title=About QuestionCopyright.org |author= |date=2011|publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 38. ^{{cite web |url=http://questioncopyright.org/minute_memes |title=Minute Memes |author= |date=November 25, 2008 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 39. ^{{cite web |url=http://questioncopyright.org/rearranging_isnt_theft_either |title= Copying Isn't Theft" -- Your Versions |author= |date=April 3, 2009 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 40. ^{{cite web |url=https://questioncopyright.org/minute_memes/copying_is_not_theft |title=Copying Is Not Theft (Minute Meme #1) |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=December 14, 2009 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 41. ^{{cite web |url= https://questioncopyright.org/minute_memes/all_creative_work_is_derivative |title= All Creative Work Is Derivative (Minute Meme #2) |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=February 9, 2010 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 42. ^{{cite web |url=https://questioncopyright.org/happy_20th_birthday_eff |title=Electronic Frontier Foundation celebrates 20 years with new animation from Nina Paley |author= |date=July 10, 2010 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 43. ^{{cite web |url=https://questioncopyright.org/minute_memes/credit_is_due |title=Credit is Due (The Attribution Song) |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=June 27, 2011 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 44. ^{{cite web |url=https://questioncopyright.org/understanding_free_content|title= Understanding Free Content |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=April 2, 2009 |publisher=QuestionCopyright.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 45. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sitasingstheblues.com/faq.html |title=Frequently Asked Questions |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=November 2010 |website=www.sitasingstheblues.com |access-date=August 19, 2018 |quote=The whole struggle with our broken copyright system turned me into a Free Culture activist. I’m actually going to release all my old “Nina’s Adventures” and “Fluff” comics under a Share Alike (copyleft) license too.}} 46. ^See its lists of subtitles and screenings 47. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.ninapaley.com/2013/01/18/ahimsa-sita-sings-the-blues-now-cc-0-public-domain/ |title=Ahimsa: Sita Sings the Blues now CC-0 'Public Domain'|last=Paley |first=Nina |date=January 18, 2013 |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 48. ^{{cite web|title=Copycamp Talk|url=http://blog.ninapaley.com/2012/12/14/copycamp-talk/|website=blog.ninapaley.com|date=December 14, 2012|access-date=December 3, 2014}} 49. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.publicknowledge.org/public-knowledge-presents-seventh-ip3-awards-samue |title=Public Knowledge Presents Seventh IP3 Awards to Samuelson, Crawford, Geist and Paley|last=Brodsky |first=Art |date=August 3, 2010 |website=www.publicknowledge.org |access-date=August 19, 2018}} 50. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |last=Merli |first=Melissa |date=August 10, 2014 |title=Paley’s ‘This Land Is Mine’ a viral hit |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/local/2014-08-10/paleys-land-mine-film-viral-hit.html|work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 11, 2018}} 51. ^1 {{cite web |url= https://www.nycreligion.info/moses-exodus-makeover-animator-nina-paley-grooving/ |title= Moses make-over by animator Nina Paley will have you grooving|last=Dolle |first=Pauline |date=April 3, 2018 |website=nycreligion.info |publisher=A Journey Through NYC Religions |access-date=August 11, 2018}} 52. ^{{cite web |url= http://blog.ninapaley.com/2012/10/19/jews-zionists-israelis/|title=Jews, Zionists, Israelis |last=Paley |first=Nina |date=October 19, 2012 |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 53. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ninapaley.com/childfree.html |title=Childfree! |last=Paley |first=Nina |website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 54. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.ninapaley.com/category/quilting/ |title=Quilting |last=Paley |first=Nina|website=blog.ninapaley.com|access-date=August 19, 2018}} 55. ^{{cite news |last=Merli |first=Melissa |date=June 13, 2013 |title=Urbana artist Paley putting quilt art on display |url=http://www.news-gazette.com/arts-entertainment/local/2013-06-13/urbana-artist-paley-putting-quilt-art-display.html|work=The News-Gazette |location=Champaign, IL |access-date=August 11, 2018}} 56. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hbla1JXVwaU|title=DUCK Studios: Nina Paley: "Fetch"|first=|last=DuckStudiosLA|date=12 June 2008|publisher=|accessdate=19 September 2018|via=YouTube}} 57. ^{{cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/7652051|title=Thank You For Not Breeding - a short film by Nina Paley|website=Vimeo|accessdate=19 September 2018}} 58. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qWrMDlafrAI|title=The Stork|first=|last=anthropik|date=15 July 2006|publisher=|accessdate=19 September 2018|via=YouTube}} 59. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y3C-ERBfCms|title=The Wit & Wisdom of Cancer|first=|last=anthropik|date=15 July 2006|publisher=|accessdate=19 September 2018|via=YouTube}} 60. ^{{cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/50531435|title=This Land Is Mine|first=Nina|last=Paley|date=1 October 2012|publisher=|accessdate=19 September 2018|via=Vimeo}} 61. ^{{cite news |last=Murphy |first=Mekado |date=August 5, 2015 |title=Bill Plympton Lends His Animation Skills to ‘Kahlil Gibran’s The Prophet’ |url=https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2015/08/05/bill-plympton-lends-his-animation-skills-to-kahlil-gibrans-the-prophet/|work=The New York Times|access-date=August 7, 2018}} 62. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.tomanddoug.com/tndpodcasts.html|title=Radio Show|first=Tom and|last=Doug|website=www.tomanddoug.com|accessdate=19 September 2018}} 63. ^{{cite web|url=http://audioport.org/index.php?op=search&nav=&searchtext=tom+and+doug|title=AudioPort.Org -|website=audioport.org|accessdate=19 September 2018}} External links{{Commons category}}{{wikiquote}}
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