| 词条 | Nizhneudinsk |
| 释义 |
|en_name=Nizhneudinsk |ru_name=Нижнеудинск |image_skyline=Ст.Нижнеудинск1.jpg |image_caption=Nizhneudinsk Train Station |coordinates = {{coord|54|56|N|99|00|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=right |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Nizhneudinsk (Irkutsk oblast) (1790).png |coa_caption= |image_flag= |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=Irkutsk Oblast |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=July 2013 |adm_district_jur=Nizhneudinsky District |adm_district_jur_ref=[2] |adm_ctr_of=Nizhneudinsky District |adm_ctr_of_ref=[3] |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref=[1] |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=December 2004 |mun_district_jur=Nizhneudinsky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=[5] |urban_settlement_jur=Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=[5] |mun_admctr_of1=Nizhneudinsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of1_ref=[5] |mun_admctr_of2=Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of2_ref=[5] |leader_title= |leader_title_ref= |leader_name= |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2=75 |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=36999 |pop_2010census_ref=[2] |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest=35,500 |pop_latest_date=2013 |pop_latest_ref=[3] |established_date=1648 |established_title= |established_date_ref= |current_cat_date=1763 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=664810, 665100–665104, 665106 |dialing_codes=39557 |dialing_codes_ref= |website= |website_ref= |commonscat=Nizhneudinsk |date=June 2010 }} Nizhneudinsk ({{lang-rus|Нижнеудинск|p=nʲɪʐnʲɪˈudʲɪnsk}}) is a town and the administrative center of Nizhneudinsky District of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Uda River (Yenisei's basin), {{convert|506|km|sp=us}} northwest of Irkutsk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: {{ru-census2010|36,999|;}} {{ru-census2002|39,624|;}} {{su-census1989|43,759|;}} 39,700 (1970). HistoryIt was founded in 1648 and granted town status in 1783.{{citation needed|date=June 2010}} Nizhneudinsk was so named to distinguish it from Verkhneudinsk (now Ulan-Ude). Administrative and municipal statusWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Nizhneudinsk serves as the administrative center of Nizhneudinsky District,[4] to which it is directly subordinated.[5] As a municipal division, the town of Nizhneudinsk is incorporated within Nizhneudinsky Municipal District as Nizhneudinskoye Urban Settlement.[6] EconomyTransportationThe town stands on the Trans-Siberian Railway and is served by a small airport, ICAO code UINN.[7] MilitaryIn 1987, the 91st Motor Rifle Division was withdrawn from Mongolia and arrived at Nizhneudinsk. Later that year it became a TErritorial Education Center, and then a Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment. It was redesignated twice before becoming the 187th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment. The 187th Base for Storage and Repair of Weapons and Equipment of the Central Military District is based in the town.[8] ClimateNizhneudinsk has a subarctic climate (Köppen climate classification Dwc), with long, severely cold winters and short, warm summers. Precipitation is quite low but is much higher in summer than at other times of the year. {{Weather box |location=Nizhneudinsk |metric first=yes |single line=yes |Jan record high C=8.0 |Feb record high C=12.9 |Mar record high C=19.4 |Apr record high C=30.5 |May record high C=34.0 |Jun record high C=36.3 |Jul record high C = 35.4 |Aug record high C = 36.4 |Sep record high C = 31.7 |Oct record high C = 26.9 |Nov record high C = 16.3 |Dec record high C = 10.4 |Jan high C = -13.5 |Feb high C = -7.6 |Mar high C = 0.9 |Apr high C = 9.1 |May high C = 17.9 |Jun high C = 22.8 |Jul high C = 25.0 |Aug high C = 22.2 |Sep high C = 15.4 |Oct high C = 7.0 |Nov high C = -3.6 |Dec high C = -11.8 |Jan mean C = -20.6 |Feb mean C = -16.6 |Mar mean C = -7.5 |Apr mean C = 1.6 |May mean C = 9.4 |Jun mean C = 15.0 |Jul mean C = 17.9 |Aug mean C = 15.1 |Sep mean C = 8.1 |Oct mean C = 0.5 |Nov mean C = -9.3 |Dec mean C = -17.8 |Jan low C = -26.1 |Feb low C = -23.8 |Mar low C = -14.9 |Apr low C = -4.6 |May low C = 1.8 |Jun low C = 8.1 |Jul low C = 11.7 |Aug low C = 9.4 |Sep low C = 2.9 |Oct low C = -4.1 |Nov low C = -13.8 |Dec low C = -22.7 |Jan record low C = -49.7 |Feb record low C = -47.5 |Mar record low C = -45.2 |Apr record low C = -32.0 |May record low C = -11.6 |Jun record low C = -4.5 |Jul record low C = -0.8 |Aug record low C = -2.6 |Sep record low C = -9.6 |Oct record low C = -27.5 |Nov record low C = -42.6 |Dec record low C = -49.6 |Jan precipitation mm = 10 |Feb precipitation mm = 7 |Mar precipitation mm = 8 |Apr precipitation mm = 19 |May precipitation mm = 32 |Jun precipitation mm = 60 |Jul precipitation mm = 89 |Aug precipitation mm = 90 |Sep precipitation mm = 48 |Oct precipitation mm = 21 |Nov precipitation mm = 14 |Dec precipitation mm = 13 |Jan snow cm = 26 |Feb snow cm = 30 |Mar snow cm = 21 |Apr snow cm = 7 |May snow cm = 4 |Jun snow cm = 0 |Jul snow cm = 0 |Aug snow cm = 0 |Sep snow cm = 5 |Oct snow cm = 3 |Nov snow cm = 9 |Dec snow cm = 17 |year snow cm = |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 17.1 |Feb precipitation days = 15.1 |Mar precipitation days = 15.3 |Apr precipitation days = 18 |May precipitation days = 19 |Jun precipitation days = 20.1 |Jul precipitation days = 18 |Aug precipitation days = 20 |Sep precipitation days = 19 |Oct precipitation days = 19 |Nov precipitation days = 20.3 |Dec precipitation days = 19 |Jan humidity = 83 |Feb humidity = 79 |Mar humidity = 71 |Apr humidity = 62 |May humidity = 60 |Jun humidity = 69 |Jul humidity = 75 |Aug humidity = 80 |Sep humidity = 78 |Oct humidity = 76 |Nov humidity = 81 |Dec humidity = 84 |Jan snow days = 17 |Feb snow days = 15 |Mar snow days = 14 |Apr snow days = 8 |May snow days = 2 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 1 |Oct snow days = 8 |Nov snow days = 18 |Dec snow days = 19 |source 1 = Pogoda.ru.net[9] }} ReferencesNotes1. ^1 Charter of Irkutsk Oblast 2. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 3. ^Численность населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2013 года. — М.: Федеральная служба государственной статистики Росстат, 2013. — 528 с. (Табл. 33. Численность населения городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений, городских населенных пунктов, сельских населенных пунктов) 4. ^1 Law #49-OZ 5. ^1 Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Formations of Irkutsk Oblast 6. ^1 2 3 4 Law #86-oz 7. ^http://promzona.org/utils/airfields.html?sort=&page=6&dir=asc Promzona Russian aerodromes directory 8. ^http://www8.brinkster.com/vad777/russia/grand_force/districts/sib.htm 9. ^{{cite web|title=Pogoda.ru.net-Climate Data for Nizhneudinsk 1981-2010|url=http://www.pogodaiklimat.ru/climate/29698.htm|accessdate=23 January 2013}} Sources
External links
4 : Cities and towns in Irkutsk Oblast|Irkutsk Governorate|Populated places established in 1648|1648 establishments in Russia |
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