| 词条 | No. 1426 Flight RAF | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|unit_name= No. 1426 Flight RAF |dates= 21 Nov 1941 – 17 Jan 1945 1 Jan 1956 – 31 Dec 1956{{sfnp|Lake|1999|p=88}} |image= |caption= A Focke-Wulf Fw 190 and a Junkers Ju 88 of 1426 Flight undergoing maintenance by RAF ground crew at RAF Collyweston (February 1945) |role= Enemy aircraft evaluation and demonstration |equipment=Messerschmitt Bf 109E-3/F-4/G-2/G-6/G-14 Messerschmitt Bf 110C-5 Focke-Wulf Fw 190A-4 Heinkel He 111H-3 Junkers Ju 88A-5/A-6/G-1/R-1/S-1 Henschel Hs 129B-1 Avro Anson I Airspeed Oxford II General Aircraft Monospar ST-25 Avro Lincoln B.1{{sfnp|Lake|1999|p=88}} |garrison= RAF Duxford RAF Collyweston RAF Khormaksar |motto= |identification_symbol= |battle_honours= }} No. 1426 (Enemy Aircraft) Flight RAF, nicknamed "the Rafwaffe", was a Royal Air Force flight formed during the Second World War to evaluate captured enemy aircraft and demonstrate their characteristics to other Allied units. Several aircraft on charge with the RAE Farnborough section were also used by this unit. The RAE facilities at Farnborough were utilised for the flight testing of German and Italian aircraft during the war. Many crash-landed airframes were brought to Farnborough for examination, testing and cannibalisation of spare parts to keep other aircraft in serviceable condition. The main flight testing work was carried out by the Aerodynamics Flight of the Experimental Flying Department and the Wireless & Electrical Flight (W&EF), the latter responsible for evaluation and examination of radar-equipped aircraft later in the war. HistoryNo. 1426 (Enemy Aircraft) FlightThe unit was established 21 November 1941[1] at RAF Duxford, made up of a small group of pilots who had previously been maintenance test pilots with No. 41 Group RAF.[2] Attached at first to 12 Group, its mission was to demonstrate captured types to Allied personnel and expose them to "the appearance, performance, and even the sound" of hostile types.[3] Initially, it operated a Heinkel He 111H[3] (AW177) shot down in Scotland in February 1940,[3] a Messerschmitt Bf 109 captured during the Battle of France (AE479) (turned over from the Air Fighting Development Unit),[3] and a Junkers Ju 88A-5 (HM509). The Ju 88 was a more recent British acquisition after the pilot landed at night at RAF Chivenor in the belief it was an airfield in France-–the crew had made a navigational error after being deceived by a Meacon.{{sfnp|Weal|2000|p=70}} A General Aircraft Monospar was also assigned to the unit for general communication tasks and collecting spare parts. The aircraft in the unit changed throughout the war as further later marques came into the RAF's hands in various ways, including capture by Allied troops, forced or mistaken landings by German pilots, and defections. The flight co-operated with the RAF Film Unit, for which the usual British markings were removed and original German restored.[3] Aircraft were then passed to the AFDU at (RAF Duxford 1940-1943) where they were extensively tested before passing them on to the flight. Several aircraft were lost to crashes, or damaged and then cannibalised for spare parts. Others were shipped to America for further evaluation. In March 1943, the unit moved to RAF Collyweston.[3] Beginning in early 1944, the flight made a round of U.S. Army Air Forces bases in Britain.[3] After D-Day, the perceived need for the flight declined.[3] The flight ceased operations at Collyweston on 17 January 1945.[2],,[4] reforming at RAF Tangmere on the same date, with unit codes EA, as the "Enemy Aircraft Flight" of the Central Fighter Establishment, which finally disbanded 31 December 1945.{{sfnp|Lake|1999|p=88}}[5] No. 1426 (Photographic Reconnaissance) FlightFollowing disbandment of No. 7 Squadron RAF in December 1955, four crews and their aircraft were detached and sent to the Aden "troubles" to carry out patrols, as No. 1426 (Photographic Reconnaissance) Flight at RAF Khormaksar, Aden on 1 January 1956, and disbanded at Khormaksar on 31 December 1956, being the last time the Avro Lincoln flew operationally as a bomber.{{sfnp|Lake|1999|p=88}} Aircraft operated, 1941–1945Axis AircraftNote this list may be incomplete, and that not all Axis aircraft captured and allocated RAF serial numbers were flown by 1426 flight. Others were flown by the Air Fighting Development Unit (AFDU) and the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE). Messerschmitt Bf 109{{Main|Messerschmitt Bf 109}}
Focke-Wulf Fw 190{{Main|Focke-Wulf Fw 190}}
Junkers Ju 88{{Main|Junkers Ju 88}}
Other types
Support AircraftSupport Aircraft operated by no. 1426 Flight RAF, data from{{sfnp|Lake|1999|p=88}}
Aircraft Operated, 1956Avro Lincoln B.1 SurvivorsFour of the aircraft operated by the flight still survive, Bf 109 E-3 DG200, Bf 109 G2 RN228 (known as 'Black 6'), Fiat CR42 BT474 and Ju 88R-1 PJ876. All are currently displayed at the Royal Air Force Museum London. See also
References
1. ^Christopher, John. The Race for Hitler's X-Planes (The Mill, Gloucestershire: History Press, 2013), p.173. 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/82/a8404382.shtml |title=Brief History of The Rafwaffe (Flight 1426) |author=Sally Bennett |date=10 January 2006 |work=People's War |publisher=BBC |accessdate=3 December 2010}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Christopher, p.173. 4. ^The Rafwaffe, Peter Gosling, February 2003, Flight Journal. 5. ^Christopher, p.174. 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bf-109.com/display.php?lang=en&auth=e&name=version_display&fotonummer=123 |title=Bf 109 E-3 |publisher=www.bf-109.com |accessdate=12 December 2010}} 7. ^1 2 3 Individual History MESSERSCHMITT Bf109E-4/B W/NR.4101/DG200/8477M" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605081710/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/london/collections/aircraft/aircraft-history/78-AF-624%20%20Bf109E%204101.pdf |date=5 June 2011 }} RAF Museum. Retrieved: 4 December 2010. 8. ^1 2 3 4 "Individual History Messerschmitt Bf109G-2/TROP W/NR.10639" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223040353/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/london/collections/aircraft/aircraft-history/X001-2501%20BF109G%20'Black%206'.pdf |date=23 December 2010 }} RAF Museum. Retrieved: 4 December 2010. 9. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205210730 |title=CH 15610 (photograph) |author= |date= |work=Imperial War Museum Collection Search |publisher=Imperial War Museum |accessdate=29 June 2012}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205210729 |title=CH 15606 (photograph) |author= |date= |work=Imperial War Museum Collection Search |publisher=Imperial War Museum |accessdate=29 June 2012}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite web|url= http://www.ww2.dk/misc/captured.pdf |title=British Air intelligence report }} {{small|(44.4 KB)}} - German Ju 88 mistakenly lands at RAF Woodbridge 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/HornDavid/9335.htm |author= |date=31 October 2009|title=No. 9335. Junkers Ju 88 G-1 (TP190 c/n 712273) Royal Air Force |publisher=1000Aircraftphotos.com |accessdate=3 December 2010}} 13. ^1 2 3 "Individual History Ju 88 R-1, Werk Nr. 360043" RAF Museum. Retrieved: 3 December 2010. 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205211475 |title=HU 93008 (photograph) |author= |date= |work=Imperial War Museum Collection Search |publisher=Imperial War Museum |accessdate=29 June 2012}} 15. ^1 [https://web.archive.org/web/20101223033747/http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/london/collections/aircraft/aircraft-history/78-AF-952%20%20%20Fiat%20CR42%20Falco.pdf "Individual History FIAT CR42 `FALCO' MM5701/8468M"] RAF Museum. Retrieved: 4 December 2010. 16. ^North East Diary 1939-45 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121120003653/http://www.bpears.org.uk/NE-Diary/Inc/ISeq_02.html |date=20 November 2012 }} Retrieved 7 April 2012 17. ^{{cite journal |last1=Powell |first1=Hickman |title=The "Rafwaffe" Flies for Us |journal=Popular Science |volume=145 |issue=1 |pages=46A |publisher= |date=July 1944 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3CEDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA48-IA1}} 18. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.luftwaffedata.co.uk/wiki/index.php?title=Aufkl._Gr._122_Nov_1943#_note-ftn276 |title=Aufkl. Gr. 122 Nov 1943 |author= |date= |work= |publisher=luftwaffedata.co.uk |accessdate=10 December 2010}} 19. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205210731 |title=CH 15616 (photograph) |author= |date= |work=Imperial War Museum Collection Search |publisher=Imperial War Museum |accessdate=3 December 2010}}
|ref=harv |last=Lake |first=Alan |title=Flying Units of the RAF: The Ancestry, Formation and Disbandment of All Flying Units from 1912 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5P5oAAAACAAJ |accessdate=25 May 2012 |date=1 February 1999 |publisher=Airlife |isbn=978-1-84037-086-7 }}
|ref=harv |last=Weal |first=John |title=Bf 109 F/G/K Aces of the Western Front |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gjzGb2ic6BkC |accessdate=25 May 2012 |date=1 December 1999 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1-85532-905-8 }}
|ref=harv |last=Weal |first=John |title=Focke-Wulf Fw 190 Aces of the Western Front |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iblZ2Nvdj1EC |accessdate=25 May 2012|date=15 May 1996 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1-85532-595-1 }}
|ref=harv |last=Weal |first=John |title=Ju 88 Kampfgeschwader on the Western Front |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SXV6weY__6oC |accessdate=25 May 2012 |date=25 June 2000 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |isbn=978-1-84176-020-9 }}{{Refend}} External links{{Commons category|No. 1426 Flight RAF}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} 3 : Royal Air Force|Royal Air Force independent flights|Military units and formations established in 1941 |
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