| 词条 | No. 214 Squadron RAF |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= No. 214 Squadron RAF |image= |caption= An electronic warfare B-17 Fortress Mk III of 214 Squadron, August 1944 |dates= 1917–1920 1935–1977 |country= {{flagicon|UK}} United Kingdom |allegiance= |branch= Royal Air Force |type= |role= |size= |command_structure= |current_commander= |garrison= |garrison_label= |nickname= |patron= |motto= Latin: Ultor in umbris ("Avenging in the shadows")[1] |colors= |colors_label= |march= |mascot= |equipment= |equipment_label= |battles= |anniversaries= |decorations= |battle_honours= |commander1= |commander1_label= |commander2= |commander2_label= |commander3= |commander3_label= |notable_commanders= |identification_symbol= A nightjar volant affrontée |identification_symbol_label= Squadron heraldry |identification_symbol_2= 214 (Jan 1937–Apr 1939) UX (Apr 1939–Sep 1939) BU (Sep 1939–Jul 1945) QN, PX* (Nov 1946–Apr 1951, *only used by "C" Flight) |identification_symbol_2_label= Squadron codes }} No. 214 Squadron is a former unit of the Royal Air Force. HistoryWorld War INo 214 Squadron was formed from No. 14 Squadron Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS), itself formerly No. 7A Squadron RNAS only taking on the new number on 9 December 1917. With the creation of the RAF from the Royal Flying Corps and the RNAS on 1 April 1918 it received the number 214.[2] It was later given the fuller title No 214 (Federated Malay States) Squadron. No. 214 Squadron started with the Handley Page Type O/100 bomber but soon got the more powerful O/400 in the middle of 1918 with which it continued to fly against German strategic targets. From 29 June to 23 October 1918, 214 Squadron was based at RAF Saint Inglevert.[3] Between the WarsPost war the squadron was moved to Egypt but it was disbanded on 1 February 1920 with its crew and aircraft merged into No. 216 Squadron RAF. On 16 September 1935 'B' Flight of No. 9 Squadron RAF was used to create a new 214 Squadron. Again a bomber squadron it had the Vickers Virginia Mk. X night-bombers at RAF Boscombe Down. World War IIBy the outbreak of the Second World War it had re-equipped the Vickers Wellington which were replaced in 1942 with the larger Short Stirling, having moved to RAF Stradishall. Later, the Squadron moved to RAF Chedburgh. The memoirs of a Royal Canadian Air Force pilot recount his first operation with the Squadron, with Stirlings taxiing "ponderously" along a: "...perimeter track [which] ran within a hundred yards of Chedburgh's pub, before which the locals . . . had assembled for their nightly show."[4] The target was Hanover. At a time when Stirling losses led to the aircraft being withdrawn from bombing Germany the squadron transferred to RAF Downham Market in December 1943.[5] In January 1944, the squadron was converted to special operations, joining No. 100 Group RAF for electronic countermeasures in support of the main bombing operations. The squadron used the Boeing Fortress Mk II and Mk III and Stirlings. They used the jamming system codenamed "Airborne Cigar" (ABC) to block German night fighter communications. German speaking radio operators would identify and jam the ground controllers broadcasts and also pose as ground controllers themselves with the intention of steering the night fighters away from the bomber streams.[6] At least some of 214 Squadron's B-17s were equipped with 'Piperack' which countered the Germans' Lichtenstein SN-2 aerial intercept radar.[7] PostwarIt operated the Vickers Valiant from RAF Marham, from 21 January 1956 until 28 February 1965. Leonard Trent, a Victoria Cross winner, was the first CO of the Valiant squadron. The Valiant was at first active as a V bomber but was then converted to tankers. Disbanded in 1965 it reformed the following year with the Handley Page Victor tanker and continued until disbanded finally in 1977. Accidents and incidents
ReferencesThe radio op in this incident was Robert Victor Moorby and the navigator was Eric Smith, who died. Bob Moorby was hospitalised through his injuries and, on returning to the squadron, still unfit to fly, saw F/S Hall and a made-up crew take off on a raid, never to return. Bob Moorby wrote a letter of thanks to the Lifeboat crew from Pevensey Bay. His note is an exhibit in the Brenzet Museum on the Romney Marshes in Kent. He was later transferred to the specially-formed 100 Group for electronic jamming operations against German nightfighters. Bob Moorby's uniform, medals, remaining kit (flying helmet, caps, etc), ops books, service record and medals were donated to the RAF museum in Norwich where the squadron's records are centred. Citations1. ^{{cite book|last1=Pine|first1=L G|title=A dictionary of mottoes|date=1983|publisher=Routledge and Kegan Paul|location=London|isbn=0-7100-9339-X|page=241}} 2. ^All RNAS squadrons were renumbered by adding 200. 3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.anciens-aerodromes.com/?p=2150 |title=Saint-Inglevert |work=Anciens Aerodromes |year=2015 |accessdate=16 October 2015 |language=French}} 4. ^Peden, Murray, "A Thousand Shall Fall," Dundurn (April 1 2003), p 244 5. ^{{cite book |last=Hilling |first=John B. |title=Strike Hard : A bomber airfield at war : RAF Downham Market and its squadrons, 1942–46 |year=1995 |publisher=Sutton |location=Stroud, UK |isbn=0750909692 |edition=1st}} 6. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1572380/John-Hereford.html |title=Obituaries: John Hereford |work=The Daily Telegraph |date=13 December 2007 |publisher=TMG |location=London |accessdate=16 October 2015}} 7. ^{{cite book |last1=Peden |first1=Murray |title=A Thousand Shall Fall |date=1997 |publisher=Stoddart |location=Toronto |isbn=0-7737-5967-0 |pages=394 |edition=Updated}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.214squadron.org.uk/Crews_and_losses_Victor_m.htm#Crew_Victor_XH646 |title= No. 214 (Federated Malay States) Squadron Royal Air Force: Crews & Losses |work=214squadron.org.uk |year=2015 |accessdate=16 October 2015}} 9. ^{{London Gazette |issue=36245 |date= 9 November 1943 |page=4970 |supp=y}} 10. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.214squadron.org.uk/Personnel_H_M.htm |title=No. 214 (Federated Malay States) Squadron Royal Air Force: Personnel (H)|work=214squadron.org.uk |year=2015 |accessdate=16 October 2015}} Bibliography
| last = Peden | first = Murray | title = A Thousand Shall Fall | publisher = Dundurn Press | date = 4 December 2004 | location = Toronto | isbn = 978-1-55002-454-8 }}
External links{{Commons category|No. 214 Squadron RAF}}
1 : Royal Air Force aircraft squadrons |
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