| 词条 | Norah Head, New South Wales | ||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Norah Head | native_name = | other_name = Bungaree Noragh Point | settlement_type = | image_skyline = Norah head lighthouse.JPG | image_caption = Norah Head lighthouse, located on the headland | image_flag = | image_shield = | motto = | nickname = | etymology = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Australia | subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = New South Wales | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = Municipality | subdivision_name4 = Central Coast Council | image_map = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Australia New South Wales | pushpin_relief = 1 | pushpin_map_caption = Location in New South Wales | coordinates = {{coords|33|16|57|S|151|34|27|E|type:landmark_region:AU-NSW|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | established_title = | established_date = | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_total = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi= | population_demonym = | timezone1 = | utc_offset1 = | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | geocode = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }}Norah Head, originally known as Bungaree Noragh Point,[1] is a headland on the Central Coast, New South Wales, Australia, south of Newcastle and north of Sydney. The nearest town is Toukley. The place is home to a lighthouse with scenic views, which is also considered a venue for weddings. The Norah Head tidal rock pool next to the Cabbage Tree harbour is a popular destination for families with young children due to its sheltered location.[2] Lighthouse{{main|Norah Head Light}}The Norah Head Lighthouse was the last significant lighthouse built in New South Wales, a {{convert|27|m|adj=on}} tower, completed in 1903 with monetary assistance from the Hargraves family of Noraville after considerable numbers of ships foundered on the coast near the headland. Originally it was powered by a kerosene concentric wick lamp and still today it features a second order bivalve Fresnel lens[3] prism floating on a mercury bath. At first, the prism was rotated by descending weights, but the light was electrified in 1961 and fully automated in 1995. The light flashes once in 15 seconds, and is visible to {{convert|27|nmi|km|0}}, the focal plane is located at {{convert|46|m}} {{AHD}}. For coastal shipping, two additional light signals are shown: a red light in the northeast sector, emitted from {{convert|39|m}} above the sea and a green one towards southwest, emitted from {{convert|44|m}}; both are continuous.[3] The former lighthouse keepers cottage (Head Keeper's separate cottage and two assistants semi-detached quarters) are maintained, and two of these are available for rent.[4] Heritage listingsNorah Head has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
World War IINear the head, sea battles between the Japanese Navy and Merchant navy ships took place in World War II: Three ships were sunk, Nimbin, at {{convert|1052|tonnes}}, by a mine on 5 December 1940 and the fishing trawler Millimumul sank with the loss of seven men on 26 March 1941 when it trawled up a German mine laid by the mine ship Pinguin, as well as BHP's Iron Chieftain, at {{convert|4812|tonnes}} by a submarine on 3 June 1942. The Age, at {{convert|4775|tonnes}}, was also attacked on the same day. GeologyThere are several unique landforms around the head. Immediately in front of the head there is a rock platform which was formed in the Permian to Triassic periods around 180 - 280 million years ago. In the platform there is a volcanic intrusion, a channel of darker rock running from one side of the platform to the other. The intrusion was created by waves quarrying a softer basalt lava flow out of the surrounding granite. The lava came from an ancient volcano, probably Mount Warrawolong to the west.[6] Climate{{Weather box|location = Norah Head, New South Wales |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |precipitation colour = green |Jan record high C = 44.0 |Feb record high C = 39.7 |Mar record high C = 37.2 |Apr record high C = 33.6 |May record high C = 28.1 |Jun record high C = 24.8 |Jul record high C = 24.7 |Aug record high C = 29.4 |Sep record high C = 33.5 |Oct record high C = 36.5 |Nov record high C = 40.3 |Dec record high C = 40.7 |year record high C = 44.0 |Jan high C = 25.8 |Feb high C = 25.9 |Mar high C = 24.8 |Apr high C = 22.8 |May high C = 20.0 |Jun high C = 18.0 |Jul high C = 17.2 |Aug high C = 18.8 |Sep high C = 20.9 |Oct high C = 22.4 |Nov high C = 23.5 |Dec high C = 24.7 |year high C = 22.1 |Jan low C = 19.6 |Feb low C = 20.0 |Mar low C = 18.7 |Apr low C = 15.8 |May low C = 13.0 |Jun low C = 10.9 |Jul low C = 9.7 |Aug low C = 10.5 |Sep low C = 12.8 |Oct low C = 14.7 |Nov low C = 16.7 |Dec low C = 18.3 |year low C = 15.1 |Jan record low C = 14.5 |Feb record low C = 13.9 |Mar record low C = 12.7 |Apr record low C = 7.9 |May record low C = 6.9 |Jun record low C = 5.3 |Jul record low C = 4.0 |Aug record low C = 4.6 |Sep record low C = 6.1 |Oct record low C = 8.5 |Nov record low C = 8.8 |Dec record low C = 11.2 |year record low C = 4.0 |Jan precipitation mm = 78.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 108.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 105.8 |Apr precipitation mm = 127.1 |May precipitation mm = 153.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 144.3 |Jul precipitation mm = 94.3 |Aug precipitation mm = 66.6 |Sep precipitation mm = 64.6 |Oct precipitation mm = 52.8 |Nov precipitation mm = 100.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 65.5 |year precipitation mm = 1162.8 |Jan precipitation days = 12.3 |Feb precipitation days = 11.9 |Mar precipitation days = 13.0 |Apr precipitation days = 13.5 |May precipitation days = 13.6 |Jun precipitation days = 13.5 |Jul precipitation days = 11.4 |Aug precipitation days = 9.0 |Sep precipitation days = 11.3 |Oct precipitation days = 10.4 |Nov precipitation days = 12.9 |Dec precipitation days = 11.2 |year precipitation days = 144.0 |humidity colour=green |Jan humidity = 70 |Feb humidity = 72 |Mar humidity = 69 |Apr humidity = 65 |May humidity = 64 |Jun humidity = 63 |Jul humidity = 59 |Aug humidity = 56 |Sep humidity = 60 |Oct humidity = 64 |Nov humidity = 68 |Dec humidity = 68 |year humidity = 65 |source 1 =[7] |date=December 2014}} Gallery{{Commons category|Norah Head}}Famous peopleReferences1. ^{{cite AHPI|RNE1489|Norah Head Lightstation Group}} {{Navboxes2. ^Norah Head - Central Coast Accessed 25 April 2011 3. ^1 {{cite rowlett|nsw|accessdate=21 July 2008}} 4. ^Australia’s iconic lighthouses{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Australian Geographic, 26 July 2010 5. ^{{cite NSW SHR|5051885|Norah Head Lightstation Precinct|hr=01753|fn=EF14/5924; H00/182|accessdate=18 May 2018}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.norahheadlighthouse.com.au/buildings.htm|title=Norah Head Lighthouse - buildings - Landforms|work=norahheadlighthouse.com.au|accessdate=3 September 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100608023732/http://www.norahheadlighthouse.com.au/buildings.htm|archivedate=8 June 2010|df=dmy-all}} 7. ^{{cite web|url =http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_061366.shtml|title=Climate statistics for Australian locations|accessdate=1 January 2014}} |title= Suburbs of Central Coast Council |list ={{Suburbs of Gosford}}{{Suburbs of Wyong}} }} 4 : Australian Merchant Navy|Suburbs of the Central Coast (New South Wales)|Headlands of New South Wales|Norah Head, New South Wales |
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