“North American Indigenous Games”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

North American Indigenous Games

释义

History
Editions
Sports
Total medals
Culture
Bidding
Notes
References
External links

The North American Indigenous Games is a multi-sport event involving indigenous North American athletes staged intermittently since 1990. The Games are governed by the North American Indigenous Games Council, a 26-member council of representatives from 13 provinces and territories in Canada and 13 regions in the United States.

History

The dream to hold a Games for the Indigenous Peoples of North America began in the 1970s.

In 1971, the Native Summer Games held in Enoch, Alberta, Canada drew 3,000 participants competing in 13 sports and many cultural events.

In 1973, the Western Canada Native Winter Games were held on the Blood Reserve in Kainai, Alberta, Canada.

In 1975, a meeting of the National Indian Athletic Association was held in Reno, Nevada, where it was decided to organize Games for Indigenous Peoples. John Fletcher, a Peigan from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada and Willie Littlechild, a Cree of the Ermineskin Tribe at Hobbema, Alberta, Canada attended; John Fletcher is credited for his support in the decision to have the Games, as presented by Mr. Littlechild, based on the above success.

In 1977, the dream to host large scale Indigenous Games took another step forward in Sweden at the Annual Assembly of the World Council of Indigenous Peoples. Willie Littlechild presented the motion to host International Indigenous Games. It was unanimously passed. A Brazilian elder was so moved, he presented Willie Littlechild with a war arrow representing peace in his tribe. Advising it be pointed to the ground, this arrow would direct anything evil toward the underground. It is now part of the sacred ceremonial run.

The vision: To improve the quality of life for Indigenous Peoples by supporting self-determined sports and cultural activities which encourage equal access to participation in the social / cultural / spiritual fabric of the community in which they reside and which respects Indigenous distinctiveness.

"The vision of the NAIG, from the very beginning, along with my brothers, Willie Littlechild of Ermineskin First Nation at Hobbema, and Big John Fletcher of Peigan in Southern Alberta, was one of our interest and concern about what was happening among the young people in all of our communities. . . We took it upon ourselves to try and find something constructive for the young people to look forward to. And, what it was eventually, was that we would put together a plan for a Games through which the young Aboriginal people could come together to excel in their athletic field of endeavour and to come together to do other things: to make new friendships, to renew old ones, and so on..." (Charles Wood, 1990 Chairperson)

The dream became a reality in 1990.

The first Indigenous Games (or "NAIG") were held in 1990 in Edmonton, Alberta, followed by Games in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan in 1993, Blaine, Minnesota in 1995, Victoria, British Columbia in 1997, and Winnipeg, Manitoba in 2002. Denver, Colorado in 2006 and Cowichan, British Columbia in 2008. The 2011 games were to be held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, but about a year before the games were to be held, Milwaukee withdrew its host application due to lack of financial backers. Other arrangements have, however, been made and games were indeed held in Milwaukee, July 2011 on a smaller scale (Dubbed United States Indigenous Games). The 2014 Games took place in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Approximately 10,000 athletes from the United States and Canada took part in the 2006 Games (the largest to date), with more than 1,000 tribes represented. In addition to sporting events, the Games included a parade and a variety of cultural performances. The opening ceremonies were held at Invesco Field at Mile High and the closing ceremonies were held at Skyline Park.

Approximately 5,000 athletes from the United States and Canada took part in the 2014 Games, in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada (July 20–27, 2014) with more than 756 tribes represented. In addition to sporting events, the Games included a large Cultural Village at The First Nations University of Canada and a variety of cultural performances throughout the Host City. The opening ceremonies were held at Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field and the closing ceremonies were held at The First Nations University of Canada Campus. Of note was a large and violent storm that went through the Cultural Village on July 24, nearly destroying everything except for the tipis, an army of over 300 volunteers worked through the night to clean it up in time for the following days activities.

Editions

Edition	Year	Host	Notes	Culture	Results	Overall Winner
I	1990	Canada}}	Edmonton, Alberta	First NAIG, 3,000 participants in 15 sports	37 cultural groups and Ceremonial run	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
II	1993	Canada}}	Prince Albert, Saskatchewan	4,400 participants in 15 sports	Traditional Powwow	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
III	1995	United States}}	Blaine, Minnesota	8,500 participants in 17 sports	2,500 Cultural Performers	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
IV	1997	Canada}}	Victoria, British Columbia	5,000 participants in 16 sports	3,000 Cultural participants	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
V	2002	Canada}}	Winnipeg, Manitoba	6,500 participants in 16 sports	3,000 Cultural participants	Manitoba}} Team Manitoba
VI	2006	United States}}	Denver, Colorado	10,000 participants in 16 sports	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
VII	2008	Canada}}	Cowichan, British Columbia	4,700 participants in 14 sports	300 artists, 2000 Tribal Journey participants, Spirit Pole	Saskatchewan}} Team Saskatchewan
VIII	2011	United States}}	Milwaukee, Wisconsin	2011 NAIG were cancelled. The Milwaukee Host Society withdrew their involvement as host for 2011 NAIG in June 2010. They resumed instead with hosting the "inaugural U.S. Indigenous Games"	N/A (Game was cancelled)
IX	2014	Canada}}	Regina, Saskatchewan	5,000 participants in 15 sports	traditional Indigenous activities, Cultural Village, Lance Run.	British Columbia}} Team British Columbia
X	2017	Canada}}	Toronto, Ontario	June 26, 2015 - The NAIG Council awarded the 2017 NAIG to Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The bid to host the Games in Toronto, led by the Aboriginal Sport & Wellness Council of Ontario and the Mississaugas of New Credit First Nation, received unanimous support from the NAIG’s International Governing Body. The Games was held in July 16–23, 2017.^[1]	British Columbia}} Team British Columbia

Sports

Gold, silver, and bronze medals were awarded in sixteen sports:

Archery
Badminton
Basketball
Baseball
Boxing
Canoeing
Golf
Lacrosse
Rifle Shooting
Soccer
Softball
Swimming
Tae Kwon Do
Track and Field and Cross-country running
Volleyball
Wrestling.

Total medals

Team	№ Games	{{gold1	{{silver2	{{bronze3	Total^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]
Saskatchewan}}	8	708	713	473	1894
Alberta}}	8	356	366	385	1056
Manitoba}}	8	292	303	254	849
British Columbia}}	8	331	229	211	772
Ontario}}	8	281	239	204	724
Eastern Door and North	6	175	120	118	410
Yukon}}	8	90	103	101	294
Northwest Territories}}	8	54	67	90	209
Washington}}	8	84	50	45	179
New Mexico}}	4	59	50	45	154
Wisconsin}}	6	55	47	48	150
Iroquois}} New York	7	50	49	47	147
North Dakota}}	5	57	36	21	114
Colorado}}	6	39	34	28	103
Arizona}}	5	40	23	22	88
Nova Scotia}}	4	18	23	41	82
Minnesota}}	5	30	27	18	75
Oklahoma}}	3	33	22	17	72
Connecticut}}	6	33	17	22	72
New Brunswick}}	6	27	14	26	67
Newfoundland and Labrador}}	2	15	17	20	52
South Dakota}}	5	20	16	13	49
Quebec}}	2	22	12	7	41
Florida}} Florida	6	8	8	13	29
Maine}}	3	7	8	12	27
Oregon}}	4	11	12	3	26
Nunavut}}	4	10	13	4	26
Michigan}}	4	9	7	9	25
Iowa}}	4	9	8	1	18
Idaho}}	1	9	5	3	17
California}}	4	6	6	4	16
Montana}}	4	9	3	1	13
Prince Edward Island}}	3	3	3	2	8
Utah}}	2	1	1	2	4
North Carolina}}	3	2	1	0	3
Mississippi}}	2	2	0	1	3
Kansas}}	1	0	2	1	3
Georgia (U.S. state)}} Georgia	1	1	1	0	2
Nebraska}}	1	0	1	1	2
CAN}} Maritimes	1	0	0	0	0

Culture

The North American Indigenous Games Council, host societies and other partners realize the potential of a strong cultural program that would not only be for the benefit of the participants but also to the wider host community.

A cultural program at any NAIG shall be consistent with the founding principles being:

To promote indigenous cultural activities and exhibitions
To promote local indigenous history and culture
To ensure a traditional ceremonies that are utilized by the Host Territory are provided for NAIG participants
To ensure that traditional foods are for sale throughout the village
To ensure that indigenous people are showcased to sell, demonstrate and promote their crafts and artwork.
To ensure that indigenous people showcase knowledge and information pertaining to aboriginal youth programs.
To ensure that an Elders Program is designed to promote cultural and historical sharing through storytelling, ceremonies and interchange
To showcase a cultural gala of performers from all participating units at the opening of the Cultural Village
The cultural program shall be generally available and appealing to the general public in the host community and jurisdiction and all participants and visitors of the NAIG

Bidding

The NAIG is hosted every three years alternating between Canada and the United States of America. The NAIG can be bid on by interested ‘host candidate cities’ through a comprehensive and lengthy bid process. The NAIG Council Bid Committee is responsible for updating, initiating, monitoring and evaluating the bid procedures.

The 2014 North American Indigenous Games has been awarded to Canada. Therefore, the hosting cycle will require bids from American cities or organizations for 2017.

The 2017 NAIG Bid Procedures were re-opened on June 1, 2012 and will run through to awarding in November 2014.

Unconfirmed reports place The Seminole Tribe of Florida as well as Wisconsin in the running for the 2017 NAIG.

Unconfirmed reports place the Mi’kmaq of Nova Scotia bidding as hosts for the 2020 NAIG.

Notes

1. ^Canada was also hosting the 2017 edition of the World Indigenous Peoples' Games
2. ^2014 NAIG Medal Standings
3. ^2008 NAIG Medal Standings
4. ^2006 NAIG Medal Standings
5. ^2002 NAIG Medal Standings
6. ^1997 NAIG Medal Standings
7. ^1995 NAIG Medal Standings
8. ^1993 NAIG Medal Standings
9. ^1990 NAIG Medal Standings

References

External links

North American Indigenous Games Council Official Website
North American Indigenous Games 2014 Official Website
North American Indigenous Games 2017 Official Website
Staff writers. "2006 Indigenous Games wrap up in Denver," Indian Country Today, 2006-07-14. Retrieved on 2006-07-28.

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