| 词条 | Northrop BT | ||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Northrop BT was a two-seat, single-engine monoplane dive bomber built by the Northrop Corporation for the United States Navy. At the time, Northrop was a subsidiary of the Douglas Aircraft Company. Design and developmentThe design of the initial version began in 1935. It was powered by a {{convert|700|hp|kW PS|abbr=on}} Pratt and Whitney XR-1535-66 double row air-cooled radial engine and had hydraulically actuated perforated split flaps or "dive-brakes" and a landing gear that retracted backwards into fairing "trousers" beneath the wings.[1] The perforated flaps were invented to eliminate tail buffeting during diving maneuvers.[1] The next iteration of the BT, the XBT-1, was equipped with a {{convert|750|hp|kW PS|abbr=on}} R-1535. This aircraft was followed in 1936 by the BT-1, powered by an {{convert|825|hp|kW PS|abbr=on}} R-1535-94 engine. One BT-1 was modified with a fixed tricycle landing gear and was the first such aircraft to land on an aircraft carrier. The final variant, the XBT-2, was a BT-1 modified to incorporate landing gear which folded laterally into recessed wheel wells, leading edge slots, a redesigned canopy, and was powered by an {{convert|800|hp|kW PS|abbr=on}} Wright XR-1820-32 radial.[1] The XBT-2 first flew on 25 April 1938 and after successful testing the Navy placed an order for 144 aircraft. In 1939 the aircraft designation was changed to the Douglas SBD-1 with the last 87 on order completed as SBD-2s. By this point, Northrop had become the El Segundo division of Douglas aircraft, hence the change. Operational historyThe U.S. Navy placed an order for 54 BT-1s in 1936 with the aircraft entering service during 1938. BT-1s served on {{USS|Yorktown|CV-5|6}} and {{USS|Enterprise|CV-6|2}}. The type was not a success in service due to poor handling characteristics, especially at low speeds, "a fatal flaw in a carrier based aircraft."[2] It was also prone to unexpected rolls and a number of aircraft were lost in crashes. Variants
Prototype, one built.
Production variant, 54 built.
One BT-1 modified with fully retractable landing gear and other modifications.
Production variant of the XBT-2, 144 on order completed as SBD-1 and SBD-2.
One BT-1 (c/n346, BuNo 0643), the former BT-1S, was modified as the DB-19 which was tested by the Imperial Japanese Navy as the Douglas DXD1 (long designation - Douglas Navy Experimental Type D Attack Aircraft)[1] Operators
Specifications (BT-1){{aircraft specifications|plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=prop |ref=United States Navy Aircraft since 1911 [3] |crew= two (pilot and gunner) |capacity= |payload main= |payload alt= |length main= 31 ft 8 in |length alt= 9.65 m |span main= 41 ft 6 in |span alt= 12.65 m |height main= 9 ft 11 ft |height alt= 3.02 m |area main= 319 ft² |area alt= 29.6 m² |airfoil= |empty weight main= 4,606 lb |empty weight alt= 2,094 kg |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |useful load main= |useful load alt= |max takeoff weight main= 7,197 lb |max takeoff weight alt= 3,271 kg |more general= |engine (prop)= Pratt & Whitney R-1535-94 Twin Wasp Jr. |type of prop=double row radial air-cooled engine |number of props=1 |power main= 825 hp |power alt= 615 kW |power original= |max speed main= 193 knots |max speed alt= 222 mph, 357 km/h |max speed more=at 9,500 ft (2,900 m) |cruise speed main= 167 knots |cruise speed alt= 192 mph, 309 km/h |cruise speed more= |stall speed main= |stall speed alt= |never exceed speed main= |never exceed speed alt= |range main= 1,000 nmi |range alt=1,150 mi 1,852 km |ceiling main= 25,300 ft |ceiling alt= 7,710 m |climb rate main=1,270 ft/min |climb rate alt=6.5 m/s |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |power/mass main= |power/mass alt= |more performance= |guns=
|bombs= 1,000 lb (454 kg) bomb under fuselage |avionics= }} Notable mentions in mediaNorthrop BT-1s appeared in pre-war yellow wing paint schemes in the Technicolor film Dive Bomber (1941) starring Errol Flynn. See also{{aircontent||related=
|similar aircraft=
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|see also= }} References
1. ^1 2 3 4 Rene J. Francillon (1990 ed), McDonnell Douglas Since 1920, Volume I. Annapolis, Maryland, Naval Institute Press 2. ^"Northrop BT-1." historyofwar.org. Retrieved: 5 December 2009. 3. ^Swanborough and Bowers 1976, p. 358.
External links{{Commons category}}
6 : Northrop aircraft|United States bomber aircraft 1930–1939|Single-engined tractor aircraft|Low-wing aircraft|Carrier-based aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1935 |
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