“Nyctyornis”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The genus Nyctyornis was introduced by the naturalists William Jardine and Prideaux John Selby in 1830.^[2]^[3] The name comes from the Ancient Greek nukt meaning nocturnal or night and ornis meaning bird.^[4] A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2007 showed that the genus is basal and forms a sister group to the remaining members of the bee-eater family.^[5]

Like other bee-eaters, Nyctyornis species are colourful birds with long tails, long downturned bills and pointed wings. They are large bee-eaters (blue-bearded is the largest of all bee-eaters),{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|p=242}} predominantly green, with a face colour as indicated by the species' name. This colour extends on to the slightly hanging throat feathers to form the "beard".{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=241-244}}

The two Nyctyornis species are the only bee-eaters that lack an eye-stripe and that have bi-coloured beaks.^[5] Their calls also differ from those of other bee-eaters and are somewhat similar to the noises made by rollers.^[7] Their size and more rounded wings give a heavier flapping flight that is less graceful than that of members of the genus Merops.^[6]

In common with other bee-eaters, they predominantly eat insects, especially bees, wasps and hornets, which are caught in the air, but they have a rather different strategy. They hunt alone or in pairs, rather than in groups, and sit motionless for long periods before pursuing their prey.^[6] The blue-bearded bee-eater will also clamber in foliage for insects, and bees are sometimes attracted by the bright blue beard of a perched bird, presumably mistaking it for a flower.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|p=243}} They nest in burrows tunneled into the side of sandy banks, but do not form colonies.{{sfn|Fry|Fry|Harris|1992|pp=242, 244}}

References

1. ^{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | year=2016 | title=Todies, motmots, bee-eaters, hoopoes, wood hoopoes & hornbills | work=World Bird List Version 6.4 | url=http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/todies/ | publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=23 October 2016 }}
2. ^{{ cite book | editor-last=Peters | editor-first=James Lee | editor-link=James L. Peters | year=1945 | title=Check-list of Birds of the World. Volume 5 | publisher=Harvard University Press | place=Cambridge, Massachusetts | page=238 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14480249 }}
3. ^{{ cite book | last1=Jardine | first1=William | author1-link=Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet | last2=Selby | first2=Prideaux John | author2-link=Prideaux John Selby | year=1830 | title=Illustrations of Ornithology | volume=Volume 2 | place=Edinburgh | publisher=W.H. Lizars | at=Addenda | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39770170 }}
4. ^{{cite book | last= Jobling | first= James A. | year= 2010| title= The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names | publisher= Christopher Helm | location = London | isbn = 978-1-4081-2501-4 | page=277 }}
5. ^¹{{ cite journal | last1=Marks | first1=B.D. | last2=Weckstein | first2=J.D. | last3=Moyle | first3=R.G. | year=2007 | title=Molecular phylogenetics of the bee-eaters (Aves: Meropidae) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data | journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume=45 | issue=1 | pages=23–32 | doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.07.004 | pmid=17716922}}
6. ^¹²{{cite book| last=Fry | first=C. Hillary | chapter=Family Meropidae: Bee-eaters | editor1-last=del Hoyo | editor1-first=J. | editor2-last=Elliott | editor2-first=A. | editor3-last=Sargatal | editor3-first=J. | editor4-last=Christie | editor4-first=D.A. | editor5-last=de Juana | editor5-first=E. | title=Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive | publisher=Lynx Edicions | chapterurl=http://www.hbw.com/node/52274 | accessdate=1 October 2016}}{{subscription required}}

References

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