| 词条 | Nyepi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|holiday_name = Nyepi |type = hindu |image = Sanur Beach.JPG |caption = Nyepi is Balinese Hindus' festival of silence. Everything is deserted, human footprint on nature minimized, only emergency services centers work. |nickname = Day of silence |observedby = Balinese Hinduism |longtype = Hindus, cultural |begins = 6 AM |ends = after 24 hours |date = Hindu Balinese Saka Kedasa 1 |observances = Prayers, Religious rituals, Fasting |celebrations = Perform tapa brata penyepian |date2017 = Tues, 28 March |date2018 = Sat, 17 March |date2019 = Thur, 7 March |date2020 = |date2021 = |date2022 = }} Nyepi is a Balinese "Day of Silence" that is commemorated every Isakawarsa (Saka new year) according to the Balinese calendar (in 2019, it falls on March 7). It is a Hindu celebration mainly celebrated in Bali, Indonesia. Nyepi, a public holiday in Indonesia, is a day of silence, fasting and meditation for the Balinese. The day following Nyepi is also celebrated as New Year's Day.[2] On this day, the youth of Bali in the village of Sesetan in South Bali practice the ceremony of Omed-omedan or 'The Kissing Ritual' to celebrate the new year. The same day celebrated in India as Ugadi. Observed from 6 a.m. until 6 a.m. the next morning, Nyepi is a day reserved for self-reflection, and as such, anything that might interfere with that purpose is restricted. The main restrictions are no lighting fires (and lights must be kept low); no working; no entertainment or pleasure; no traveling; and, for some, no talking or eating at all. The effect of these prohibitions is that Bali's usually bustling streets and roads are empty, there is little or no noise from TVs and radios, and few signs of activity are seen even inside homes. The only people to be seen outdoors are the Pecalang, traditional security men who patrol the streets to ensure the prohibitions are being followed. Although Nyepi is primarily a Hindu holiday, non-Hindu residents and tourists are not exempt from the restrictions. Although they are free to do as they wish inside their hotels, no one is allowed onto the beaches or streets, and the only airport in Bali remains closed for the entire day. The only exceptions granted are for emergency vehicles responding to life-threatening conditions and women about to give birth.[1][2] On the day after Nyepi, known as Ngembak Geni (Relighting the Fire), social activity picks up again quickly, as families and friends gather to ask forgiveness from one another, and to perform certain religious rituals together. Fires and electricity are allowed again, and cooking of food resumes. Rituals
Most Hindu Balinese villages make ogoh-ogoh, demonic statues made of richly painted bamboo, cloth, tinsel, and styrofoam symbolizing negative elements or malevolent spirits or even characters from Hindu mythology. After the ogoh-ogoh have been paraded around the village, they are burned in the cemeteries although many are displayed in front of community halls for another month or more and sometimes even purchased by museums and collectors.
Dates
Related festivalsMany Hindus in the Indian subcontinent observe the same day as new year. For example, the Hindus of Maharashtra term the same festival, observed on the same day, Gudi Padwa (Marathi: गुढी पाडवा). The Sindhis, people from Sindh, celebrate the same day as Cheti Chand, which is the beginning of their calendar year. Manipuris also celebrate their New Year as Sajibu Nongma Panba on the same day. The Hindus of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka also celebrate their new year on the same day as Ugadi. SecuritySecurity is provided by the usual hansip, while the pecalang are redirected into security roles from their usual mundane tasks like traffic coordination to beef up the local security. These two security forces report to local village heads, in 2017 its reported islandwide that some 22,000 pecalang are taking part for Nyepi.[6] National police also take part, but naturally ultimately report to Jakarta rather than the village or regency level. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Pelaksanaan Hari Raya Nyepi di Indonesia|url=http://www.babadbali.com/canangsari/hkt-hari-nyepi-pelaks.htm|publisher=Babad Bali|accessdate=17 March 2013}} [7]2. ^{{cite web|title=The Balinese Day of Silence |author =Greg Rodgers|url=http://goasia.about.com/od/Events-and-Holidays/fl/The-Balinese-Day-of-Silence.htm|publisher=About.com|accessdate=30 July 2015}} 3. ^Nyepi Bali, Indonesia (February 2013) 4. ^Nyepi: Bali's day of Silence Culture, Bali & Indonesia (2009) 5. ^{{cite web|title=Pelaksanaan Hari Raya Nyepi di Indonesia|url=http://www.babadbali.com/canangsari/hkt-hari-nyepi-pelaks.htm|publisher=Babad Bali|accessdate=17 March 2013}} 6. ^ http://jakartaglobe.id/news/balinese-hindus-to-parade-7000-giant-puppets-ahead-of-nyepi-celebration/ 7. ^1 {{cite news| last = Onishi| first = Norimitsu| authorlink = Norimitsu Onishi| title = Silence Befalls Bali, but Only for a Day| date = 2011-03-06| work = The New York Times| publisher = NYTC| location = New York| issn = 0362-4331| url = https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/07/world/asia/07indonesia.html| accessdate = 2011-03-07}} }} External links
|url = http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/03/05/nyepi-search-silence-within.html |title = Nyepi, in search of the silence within |last = Juniartha |first = I Wayan |date = 2008-03-06 |publisher = The Jakarta Post |accessdate = 2009-01-13 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090207125954/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2008/03/05/nyepi-search-silence-within.html |archivedate = 2009-02-07 |df = }}
| url = http://www.indo.com/culture/nyepi.html | title = Nyepi: Bali's day of silence | publisher = indo.com | accessdate = 2009-01-13
| url = http://www.balifriend.net/nyepi_day.html | title = Nyepi Day, a silence day to mark Balinese New Year | first = Putu | publisher = balifriend.net | accessdate = 2009-01-13
|url = http://www.essortment.com/all/nyepibalinese_rnqr.htm |title = Nyepi: the balinese silence |last = Dhadhiati |first = Anna |publisher = essortment.com |accessdate = 2009-01-13 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20090328141559/http://www.essortment.com/all/nyepibalinese_rnqr.htm |archivedate = 2009-03-28 |df = }}
|url = http://www.villajegeg.com/what-to-see-in-bali/nyepi-balinese-new-year/ |title = Nyepi: New Year in Bali |date = 2011-01-30 |publisher = villajegeg.com |accessdate = 2011-01-30 }}{{dead link|date=February 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} {{Hindu festivals}}{{Public holidays in Indonesia}} 5 : Non-Gregorian March observances|New Year celebrations|Public holidays in Indonesia|Observances set by the Balinese saka calendar|Festivals in Indonesia |
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