| 词条 | Odimumba Kwamdela |
| 释义 |
BackgroundIn 1960, while in his early teens, he left his native Barbados for London, England. He eventually enlisted in the British Army and served in the Middle East. After military service, he left London for Ontario, Canada. There he freelanced with Toronto newspapers before becoming founding publisher and editor of Spear,[3] reputed to be the first Black magazine published in Canada. He once said, "I had big dreams of making Spear the Ebony of Canada."{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Eventually becoming disappointed with what he saw as the limitation of Spear in a nation with too small a Black population and believing the "controversial" label given to the original edition of his book, Niggers...This is Canada, made him the object of governmental harassment, he exiled himself to New York City.{{Cn|date=July 2018}} There, during the Black Arts Movement of the mid-1970s, he made adopted the name Odimumba Kwamdela in place of his birth name.[1] Kwamdela taught in for the New York City Board of Education as a high school teacher of Writing and Graphic Arts, serving for several years in the roughest schools in the world, one for adolescent offenders located in infamous, volatile Rikers Island Jail. He wrote a book detailing these experiences. Selected works
References1. ^1 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=FCxBDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT70&lpg=PT70&dq=%22J.+Ashton+Brathwaite%22&source=bl&ots=gej6nuMteF&sig=sGx2YExglWFRsWiwDmriifkwxpU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiR_euKoK_cAhXhy4MKHXRrAqs4ChDoATAGegQIBhAB#v=onepage&q=%22J.%20Ashton%20Brathwaite%22&f=false|title=Symbolism 15: [Special Focus – Headnotes, Footnotes, Endnotes]|last=Ahrens|first=Rüdiger|last2=Stierstorfer|first2=Klaus|date=2015-10-16|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|isbn=9783110447811|language=en}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.kibobooks.com/|title=Odimumba Kwamdela on Kibo Books|last=|first=|date=|website=Kibo Books|language=en-US|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-07-21}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Butling|first1=Pauline|last2=Rudy|first2=Susan|title=Poets Talk: conversations with Robert Kroetsch, Daphne Marlatt, Erin Mouré, Dionne Brand, Marie Annharte Baker, Jeff Derksen and Fred Wah|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IY3TdnlXs4AC&pg=PA70|accessdate=28 August 2010|year=2005|publisher=University of Alberta|isbn=978-0-88864-431-2|page=70}} External links
5 : Year of birth missing (living people)|Living people|Barbadian poets|Male poets|Barbadian male writers |
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