| 词条 | Oliver De Lancey (American loyalist) |
| 释义 |
|name=Oliver De Lancey |image= |caption= |birth_date=September 17, 1718 |death_date= October 27, 1785 (aged 67) |birth_place=New York City, Province of New York, British North America, British Empire |death_place=Beverley, Yorkshire, England, United Kingdom |nickname=Outlaw of the Bronx |allegiance={{flagicon|Kingdom of Great Britain}} Great Britain |branch=New York Provincial Militia (1755-1763) British Army (1776-1783) |serviceyears=1746-1748 1755-1766 1776-1777 |rank=Lieutenant Colonel |unit=Rogers' Rangers DeLancey's Brigade Queen's Rangers King's Rangers |commands= |battles=French and Indian War
|awards= |spouse= |parents=Etienne Delancey and Anne Van Cortland (Cortlandt) |relations= James DeLancey (brother) |laterwork= }} Major-General Oliver De Lancey Sr. (September 17, 1718 – October 27, 1785) was a merchant and Loyalist politician and soldier during the American Revolutionary War. His surname is also sometimes written as de Lancey or Delancey. Early lifeThe son of Etienne Delancey and Anne Van Cortland (Cortlandt), Oliver De Lancey was born on September 17, 1718, in New York City, Province of New York. Oliver was the uncle of James De Lancey, of the British Loyalist unit, De Lancey's Brigade, during the American Revolutionary War. The De Lancey family was of Huguenot descent.[1] From 1754-1757, De Lancey served as a New York alderman for the Out Ward and was a member of the New York assembly from New York County from 1756-1761.{{sfn|Bonomi|1971|p=145}} French and Indian WarDuring the French and Indian War, Oliver De Lancey was selected by the New York Assembly, with the support of his brother James De Lancey, the acting Governor, to provide provisions for New York provincial units. During the war, De Lancey commanded the New York Provincial Militia, 1755-1763, and commanded a provincial detachment in the Ticonderoga campaign of 1758. In 1766, De Lancey was one of the judges in the Pendergast case, where the alleged leader of the Dutchess County land rebels was convicted and sentenced to death.{{sfn|Bonomi|1971|p=224}} Colonial politics and military commandOliver De Lancey was a member of the provincial executive council, from 1760, until the American Revolutionary War. In 1768, he allied himself with Isaac Sears and the Sons of Liberty. De Lancey spoke out against the Boston Port Act, of 1774, but did not support non-importation. He was one of the persons responsible, for the creation of the Committee of Fifty. In 1773, he was appointed colonel in chief, of the Southern Military District. American Revolutionary WarOliver De Lancey was a senior Loyalist officer, during the American Revolutionary War. De Lancey joined General Howe, on Staten Island, in 1776, and raised and equipped, the three battalions, with his brother, James, of DeLancey's Brigade, consisting of 1,500 loyalist volunteers from the Province of New York, and served as commanding officer on Long Island. The house of Oliver De Lancey was plundered, by Patriots, in November, 1777 and confiscated in October, 1779. FamilyIn the fall of 1742, Oliver De Lancey secretly married Phila Franks, the daughter of a prominent and successful New York Jewish family. For six months, they kept the match secret, but in the spring of 1743, Phila announced the union and went to live with her husband. The letters of Abigail Franks, Phila's mother, to her son Naphtali in England speak of her sense of betrayal and her pain, and she never spoke to Phila again. Her husband, on the other hand, accepted the marriage. Phila and Oliver de Lancey had at least two sons and a daughter:
Exile in England and deathHe left New York for England in 1783, and died on October 27, 1785, in Beverley, Yorkshire. He was buried in Beverley Minster, where his grave and memorial can be visited. Footnotes1. ^History of Huguenot emigration to America, 1885, Charles Washington Baird References
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14 : 1718 births|1785 deaths|British Army generals|British Army personnel of the American Revolutionary War|Huguenot participants in the American Revolution|Members of the New York Provincial Assembly|People of New York (state) in the American Revolution|Members of the New York General Assembly|American loyalists from New York (state)|American slave owners|Military personnel from New York City|People of colonial New York|Burials in Yorkshire|Schuyler family |
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