| 词条 | Orders, decorations, and medals of Sri Lanka |
| 释义 |
The Sri Lankan national honours system is a fully indigenous honours system of titles, decorations and medals which are awarded to recognize achievements of, or service by, Sri Lankans or others in connection with Sri Lanka. Until 1972, the British honours system was in place in Ceylon along with several indigenous titles (which were not awarded since 1948), however since 1956 no nominations were made for these honours and were automatically discontinued after Sri Lanka became a republic. Since 1981 a uniquely Sri Lankan system of National Honours have been introduced. These awards are titles that can be used by the recipients. Awards are made by the President of Sri Lanka on behalf the Government of Sri Lanka. The Presidential Secretariat is responsible for the administration of the honours. These are civil honours with different awards and decorations of members of the military in the form of gallantry awards and campaign medals. The Sri Lankan national honours divided into five categories:
List of HonoursThese include the following in the order of their ranking, which are used as titles; For service to the nationSri LankabhimanyaThe Sri Lankabhimanya is conferred to "those who have rendered exceptionally outstanding and most distinguished service to the nation". The honour can only be held by five Sri Lankans contemporaneously, and can be also be conferred posthumously.[1] DeshamanyaThe Deshamanya (Pride of the Nation) is the second highest Sri Lankan national honour (after the Sri Lankabhimanya) awarded by the Government of Sri Lanka "for highly meritorious service".[2] DeshabanduThe Deshabandu is the third highest Sri Lankan national honour. It is awarded "for meritorious service".[2] Sri Lanka SikhamaniThe Sri Lanka Sikhamani (Sri Lanka's precious gem) is a national honour "for service to the nation".[2] Sri Lanka ThilakaThe Sri Lanka Thilaka is a non titular national honour "for service to the nation".[2] For braveryVeera ChudamaniThe Veera Chudamani is a National Honour awarded "for acts of bravery of the highest order". Veera Chudamani ranks lower than Deshabandu.[2] Veera PrathapaThe Veera Prathapa is a non titular national honour awarded "for acts of bravery of the highest order". Veera Prathapa ranks lower than Sri Lanka Thilaka.[2] For scientific achievementVidya JyothiThe Vidya Jyothi is a national honour awarded "for outstanding scientific and technological achievements".[2] It is the highest national honour for science in Sri Lanka for outstanding contribution to the development of the country through dedicated work in the chosen field. It is conventionally used as a title or prefix to the awardee's name. Vidya Jyothi ranks lower than Veera Chudamani. Vidya NidhiThe Vidya Nidhi is a national honour awarded "for meritorious scientific and technological achievements".[2] Vidya Nidhi ranks lower than Sri Lanka Sikhamani. For achievements in arts, culture and dramaKala KeerthiThe Kala Keerthi is a national honour awarded "for extraordinary achievements and contributions in arts, culture and drama".[2] It is the highest National Honour for arts, culture and drama in Sri Lanka. It is conventionally used as a title or prefix to the awardee's name. Kala Keerthi ranks lower than Vidya Jyothi Kala SuriThe Kala Suri is a national honour awarded "for special contributions to the development of the arts".[2] Kala Suri ranks lower than Vidya Nidhi. For non-nationalsSri Lanka Mitra VibhushanaThe Sri Lanka Mitra Vibhushana is the highest Sri Lankan honour for non-citizens, reserved for heads of state and heads of government with which Sri Lanka has friendly relations “in appreciation of their friendship towards and solidarity with the people of Sri Lanka”.[3] Sri Lanka RathnaThe Sri Lanka Rathna is a Sri Lankan honour, for foreigners or non-nationals, awarded "for exceptional and outstanding service to the nation".[2] It comprises a citation and a gold medal studded with nine "navaratnas" (Sri Lankan gems) with a Manel symbol (the country's national flower). Sri Lanka RanjanaThe Sri Lanka Ranjana is a Sri Lankan honour, for foreigners or non-nationals, awarded "for distinguished service of highly meritorious nature".[2] Sri Lanka RamyaThe Sri Lanka Ramya is a Sri Lankan honour, for foreigners or non-nationals, awarded "for distinguished service".[2] Order of precedence
Non honours
Former titles
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Sri Lankabhimanya award for two distinguished Sri Lankans|url=http://www.island.lk/2007/12/01/news24.html|publisher=Island|accessdate=10 July 2013}} {{Honors and decorations of Sri Lanka}}{{Decorations by country}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 {{cite book|last=Gunawardena|first=Charles A.|title=Encyclopedia Of Sri Lanka|year=2005|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|page=254|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWLQSMPddikC&pg=PA254&lpg=PA254&dq=Veera+Chudamani&source=bl&ots=1B2Z3JPhh6&sig=CCIQfCDd0RF3SG9A9XF_oYCkOLQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=4yXdUd2RBYipiAeJ6oHgCA&ved=0CDcQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=Veera%20Chudamani&f=false}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Two Palestinian Heads of State awarded Sri Lanka Mitra Vibhushana National Honour|url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/news/42772.html|publisher=Sundaytimes.lk|accessdate=10 January 2014}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p7Tqdb-gvDkC&pg=PA47&lpg=PA47&dq=Kandyan+honours+system&source=bl&ots=qappOgn4iY&sig=kyNax85qp3BTek-iRMtX_IalGfQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=YrB1T7r5PMnIrQfGw8GuDQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Kandyan%20honours%20system&f=false |title=Buddhism in Sinhalese society 1750-1900 |first=Kitsiri |last=Malalgoda |page=43|publisher=University of California Press |year=1976 |accessdate=30 March 2012}} 1 : Orders, decorations, and medals of Sri Lanka |
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