| 词条 | Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy |
| 释义 |
Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy (OPIDN), also called organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy (OPIDP), is a neuropathy caused by killing of neurons in the central nervous system, especially in the spinal cord, as a result of acute or chronic organophosphate poisoning. A striking example of OPIDN occurred during the 1930s Prohibition Era when thousands of men in the American South and Midwest developed arm and leg weakness and pain after drinking a "medicinal" alcohol substitute. The drink, called "Ginger Jake," contained an adulterated Jamaican ginger extract containing tri-ortho-cresyl phosphate (TOCP) which resulted in partially reversible neurologic damage. The damage resulted in the limping called "jake paralysis" – and also "jake leg" or "jake walk", which were terms frequently used in the blues music of the period. Europe and Morocco both experienced outbreaks of TOCP poisoning from contaminated abortifacients and cooking oil, respectively.[1][2] The disorder may contribute to the chronic multisymptom ilnesses of the Gulf War veterans.[3][4] The exact cause of the syndrome is unknown, although it has been associated with inhibition of patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 6 (PNPLA6, aka neuropathy target esterase). There is no specific treatment, and recovery is usually incomplete, affecting only sensory nervous system, while motor neutopathy persists.[5] References1. ^{{cite journal |last1=Morgan |first1=John P |last2=Penovich |first2=Patricia |title=Jamaica Ginger Paralysis: Forty-seven-year follow-up |journal=Archives of Neurology |volume=35 |issue=8 |date=August 1978 |pages=530-532 |doi=10.1001/archneur.1978.00500320050011 |pmid=666613}} 2. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1080/13629387.2011.610118 |title=The 1959 Moroccan oil poisoning and US Cold War disaster diplomacy |journal=The Journal of North African Studies |volume=17 |issue=2 |pages=315–36 |year=2012 |last1=Segalla |first1=Spencer David }} 3. ^{{cite book |doi=10.1016/B978-0-12-374367-1.00069-0 |chapter=Organophosphorus-Induced Delayed Neuropathy |title=Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology |pages=1479–504 |year=2010 |last1=Ehrich |first1=Marion |last2=Jortner |first2=Bernard S |isbn=978-0-12-374367-1 }} 4. ^{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.451 |title=New insights into the organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy |journal=Journal of the Neurological Sciences |volume=381 |pages=153–4 |year=2017 |last1=Qiang |first1=D |last2=Xie |first2=X |last3=Gao |first3=Z }} 5. ^https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/csem.asp?csem=11&po=29{{full|date=September 2018}} External links
3 : Organophosphates|Neurological disorders|Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source |
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