| 词条 | Orthalicidae |
| 释义 |
| image = OrthalicidSnailPeru.jpg | image_caption = A large orthalicid from eastern Peru (probably of the genus Sultana), recovering from substantial shell damage | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Mollusca | classis = Gastropoda | unranked_superfamilia = clade Heterobranchia clade Euthyneura clade Panpulmonata clade Eupulmonata clade Stylommatophora informal group Sigmurethra | superfamilia = Orthalicoidea | familia = Orthalicidae | familia_authority = Albers, 1860[1] | synonyms = | diversity_link = | diversity_ref = [2] | diversity = 83 species }} Orthalicidae (orthalicid land snails) are a family of tropical air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks are classified in the informal group Sigmurethra of the clade Stylommatophora. They are medium-sized to large snails, from about 3 cm (about 1.2 inches) to 9 cm (about 3.5 inches) in shell length. TaxonomyIn former times, this family was often known as the Bulimulidae, but this term may also denote what today is the subfamily Bulimulinae. The subfamily Bulimulinae replaces the former family Bulimulidae Crosse & P. Fischer, 1873. 2005 taxonomyThe Orthalicidae belong to the Orthalicoidea, a superfamily in the clade Sigmurethra. Like other stylommatophorans, the Sigmurethra belong to the suborder Eupulmonata. Among the three subfamilies of Orthalicidae, the Bulimulinae are the most diverse, consisting of three tribes:[2]
2010 taxonomyBreure et al. (2010)[8] elevated Bulimulinae to Bulimulidae, Odontostomini to Odontostomidae, Amphibuliminae to Amphibulimidae.[4] 2012 taxonomyBreure & Romero (2012)[10] confirmed previous results from 2010, additionally they elevated Simpulopsini to Simpulopsidae.[5] GeneraGenera within the family Orthalicidae include:
References1. ^Albers J. C. 1860. (Manuscript edited by Eduard von Martens) Die Heliceeen nach natürlicher Vervandtschaft systematisch geordnet. Edition 2, Engelmann, Leipzig, xviii + 359 pp., Orthalicidae is at page 209. 2. ^1 {{Bouchet 2005}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 Breure A., Groenenberg D. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "Gondwana revisited: New insights in the phylogenetic relationships within the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Stylommatophora)". poster. PDF {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309124122/http://www.ashbreure.nl/snailblog/assets/Poster%20SCC2010_lowres.pdf |date=2012-03-09 }}. 4. ^1 Breure A. S. H., Groenenberg D. S. J. & Schilthuizen M. (2010). "New insights in the phylogenetic relations within the Orthalicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora) based on 28S sequence data". Basteria 74(1-3): 25-31. 5. ^1 2 3 4 Breure A. S. H. & Romero P. (2012). "Support and surprises: molecular phylogeny of the land snail superfamily Orthalicoidea using a three-locus gene analysis with a divergence time analysis and ancestral area reconstruction (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)". International Journal of Malacology 141(1): 1-20. {{doi|10.1127/arch.moll/1869-0963/141/001-020}}. 6. ^Breure A. S. H. & Mogollón Avila V. (2010). "Well-known and little-known: miscellaneous notes on Peruvian Orthalicidae (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora)". Zoologische Mededelingen 84. HTM. 7. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal |author=Mónica Lucía Vera Ardila |title=Lista de los géneros de moluscos terrestres de Colombia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Prosobranchia: Mesogastropoda y Pulmonata: Stylommatophora) |journal=Biota Colombiana |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=39–62 |year=2008 |url=http://www.siac.net.co/biota/bitstream/123456789/245/1/malacofauna.pdf}} 8. ^Breure A. S. H. (2011) "Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species". ZooKeys 101: 1–50. {{doi|10.3897/zookeys.101.1133}}. Further reading
External links
1 : Orthalicidae |
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