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词条 ORYX (encryption algorithm)
释义

  1. Algorithm description

  2. See also

  3. Notes

  4. External links

{{other uses2|Oryx}}ORYX is an encryption algorithm used in cellular communications in order to protect data traffic. It is a stream cipher designed to have a very strong 96-bit key strength with a way to reduce the strength to 32-bits for export. However, due to mistakes the actual strength is a trivial 16-bits and any signal can be cracked after the first 25–27 bytes.[1]

Algorithm description

ORYX is a simple stream cipher based on binary linear-feedback shift registers (LFSRs) to protect cellular data transmissions (for wireless data services).

The cipher ORYX has four components:

three 32-bit LFSRs which labeled as LFSRA, LFSRB and LFSRK, and an S-box containing a known permutation P of the integer values 0 to 255.

The feedback function for LFSRK is defined as:

Lt + 32 = Lt + 28 ⊕ Lt + 19 ⊕ Lt + 18 ⊕ Lt + 16 ⊕ Lt + 14 ⊕ Lt + 11 ⊕ Lt + 10 ⊕ Lt + 9 ⊕ Lt + 6 ⊕ Lt + 5 ⊕ Lt + 1 ⊕ Lt

The feedback functions for LFSRA are defined as:

Lt + 32 = Lt + 26 ⊕ Lt + 23 ⊕ Lt + 22 ⊕ Lt + 16 ⊕ Lt + 12 ⊕ Lt + 11 ⊕ Lt + 10 ⊕ Lt + 8 ⊕ Lt + 7 ⊕ Lt + 5 ⊕ Lt + 4 ⊕ Lt + 2 ⊕ Lt + 1 ⊕ Lt

and

Lt + 32 = Lt + 27 ⊕ Lt + 26 ⊕ Lt + 25 ⊕ Lt + 24 ⊕ Lt + 23 ⊕ Lt + 22 ⊕ Lt + 17 ⊕ Lt + 13 ⊕ Lt + 11 ⊕ Lt + 10 ⊕ Lt + 9 ⊕ Lt + 8 ⊕ Lt + 7 ⊕ Lt + 2 ⊕ Lt + 1 ⊕ Lt

The feedback function for LFSRB is:

Lt + 32 = Lt + 31 ⊕ Lt + 21 ⊕ Lt + 20 ⊕ Lt + 16 ⊕ Lt + 15 ⊕ Lt + 6 ⊕ Lt + 3 ⊕ Lt + 1 ⊕ Lt

See also

  • A5/1, used in the GSM cellular telephone standard.
  • CMEA, Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm.

Notes

1. ^[D. Wagner, L. Simpson, E. Dawson, J. Kelsey, W. Millan, and B. Schneier http://www.schneier.com/paper-oryx.pdf "Cryptanalysis of ORYX"], Fifth Annual Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptography, Springer Verlag, August 1998, to appear.

External links

  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20130320180243/http://www.kremlinencrypt.com/algorithms.htm#ORYX Brief description at Kremlinencrypt.com]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20040906100617/http://www.cs.umd.edu/Honors/reports/cryptanalysis.doc Cryptanalysis of Mobile Phone Chryptology]
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1 : Stream ciphers

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