| 词条 | Oscar M. Laurel |
| 释义 |
|image = |image_size = |caption = | office= Texas State Representative from District 80 (Webb County) | party=Democratic | term_start=1957 | term_end=1961 | preceded=William W. "Bill" Allen | succeeded=Vidal M. Treviño | office2=District Attorney of Webb, Zapata and Dimmit counties | term_start2=1961 | term_end2=1967 | preceded2= | succeeded2= | office3=President of the League of United Latin American Citizens | term_start3=1955 | term_end3=1956 | preceded3=Frank Pinedo | succeeded3=Felix Tijerina |birth_name=Oscar Manuel Laurel | birth_date={{Birth date|1920|6|8}} | death_date={{death date and age|2001|3|29|1920|6|8}} | birth_place=Laredo, Webb County Texas, USA | death_place=Laredo, Texas | resting_place=Calvary Catholic Cemetery in Laredo, Texas | occupation=Attorney; Banker; Rancher | residence=Laredo, Texas | spouse=Elsa Gonzalez Laurel | children= Elsa Irma Laurel, Oscar M. Laurel, Jr. | religion=Roman Catholic | alma_mater=Martin High School Loyola University New Orleans University of Texas at Austin South Texas College of Law |branch=United States Army Air Corps |battles=World War II |rank=Staff sergeant; airplane mechanic |footnotes= }}Oscar Manuel Laurel, Sr. (June 8, 1920 – March 29, 2001), was an attorney, businessman, and Hispanic Democratic politician from Laredo, Texas, whose legendary oratory excited his party's faithful.{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} "He had a great talent for words," said Hector Garcia, a former Laurel business partner. Vidal M. Treviño, late superintendent of the Laredo Independent School District, called Laurel "the best orator we have ever had."[1] Laurel was one of five Laredoans to have served as president of the Hispanic interest group, the League of United Latin American Citizens, having been president of the organization for 1955–1956.[2] Early lifeLaurel was born in heavily Hispanic and Democratic Laredo in south Texas. He graduated in 1937 from Martin High School. He married the former Elsa Gonzalez, who was a descendant from one of the founders of Laredo.[1] The couple had a son and a daughter. Laurel thereafter graduated from the Roman Catholic-affiliated Loyola University in New Orleans.[3] He then entered the United States Army Air Corps, in which he served from 1941 to 1945. He was an airplane mechanic on B-17s and B29s and attained the rank of staff sergeant. After military service in World War II, Laurel enrolled in a pre-law curriculum at the University of Texas at Austin. He then completed his legal studies at the South Texas College of Law in Houston. He opened his law practice in Laredo in 1948.[2] Political careerLaurel launched his own political career in 1956, with election to the Texas House of Representatives, where he served two terms from the 80th District. He joined Kika de la Garza of Hidalgo County as the only two Hispanics in the Texas House from 1957 to 1959. In the House, Laurel also opposed a bill that would have made the mind-altering drug peyote an "unlawful dangerous substance".[1] In 1960, rather than seeking a third term in the legislature, Laurel was elected district attorney of Webb, Zapata, and Dimmit counties. He had already been a special investigator for the DA's office from 1952-1956. He was reelected in 1964 but left the position in 1967, when he accepted an appointment from U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson to the National Transportation Safety Board. Laurel remained on the board through 1972, under Johnson's successor, Richard M. Nixon.[1] In 1973, Laurel was named executive director of the International Good Neighbor Council, a non-profit organization founded in 1954 to promote goodwill and friendship between the United States and Mexico. The main council office is in Monterrey, Mexico. Laurel headed the organization until 1975; thereafter, he was the president of the council. He was also a former member of the National Advisory Council on Rural Poverty.[4] Personal life and deathLaurel was also a rancher and a banker. He and his son founded Falcon International Bank in Laredo, one of the largest Hispanic-owned banks in the nation.[1] He was affiliated with Rotary International and the Optimist Club, which he headed in Laredo from 1977 to 1978. He was a member of the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis.[2] Laurel died of a lingering illness at a Laredo hospital. A funeral mass was held at St. Patrick's Catholic Church, and interment followed in the Calvary Catholic Cemetery in Laredo.[1] He is honored with his bust in the lobby of the Webb County Courthouse in Laredo, along with that of a subsequent district attorney, Charles Robert Borchers, who served from 1973 to 1980.[5] {{Portalbar|Biography|Texas|Law|Business and Economics|Politics|United States Army|World War II|Christianity}}References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news | first = Odie | last = Arambula | title = Civic leader Laurel dies at 80 | work = Laredo Morning Times | date = 2001-03-30 | page = 1 }} {{s-start}}{{TXHouseSuccession box2. ^1 2 {{cite web | url = http://www.lulac.org/about/history/history.html | title = Past Presidents: Oscar M. Laurel | publisher = League of United Latin American Citizens }} 3. ^Somos Primos 4. ^PRINCIPAL-HOME - www.cibv-ignc.org 5. ^Laurel bust inscription, Webb County Courthouse, Laredo, Texas |district = 80 |hometown = Laredo |before = William W. "Bill" Allen |after = Vidal M. Treviño |years = 1957–1961 }}{{succession box | before=Frank Pinedo | title=President of the interest group, League of United Latin American Citizens | years=1955–1956 | after=Felix Tijerina }}{{s-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Laurel, Oscar M.}} 19 : 1920 births|2001 deaths|People from Laredo, Texas|American politicians of Mexican descent|Activists for Hispanic and Latino American civil rights|Members of the Texas House of Representatives|American bankers|Texas Democrats|County district attorneys in Texas|Texas lawyers|Martin High School (Laredo, Texas) alumni|Loyola University New Orleans alumni|South Texas College of Law alumni|American army personnel of World War II|United States Army Air Forces soldiers|American Roman Catholics|20th-century American politicians|Activists from Texas|Catholics from Texas |
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