| 词条 | Otodus |
| 释义 |
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|Paleocene|Miocene|Paleocene–Miocene}} | image = Otodus obliquus multiple 021313.JPG | image_caption = Otodus obliquus teeth from the Eocene near Khouribga, Morocco. | taxon = Otodus | authority = Agassiz, 1843 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision =
}} Otodus is an extinct genus of mackerel shark which lived from the Paleocene to the Miocene epoch. The name Otodus comes from Greek ὠτ (oûs "ear") and ὀδούς, "odous (tooth)", or "ear-shaped tooth". AnatomyThis shark is known from the fossil teeth and fossilized vertebral centra.[1] Like other elasmobranchs, the skeleton of Otodus was composed of cartilage and not bone, resulting in relatively few preserved skeletal structures appearing within the fossil record. The teeth of this shark are large with triangular crown, smooth cutting edges, and visible cusps on the roots. Some Otodus teeth also show signs of evolving serrations.[1][2] Size estimationThe fossils of Otodus indicate that it was a very large macro-predatory shark.[2] The largest known teeth measure about {{convert|104|mm|in|lk=on}} in height.[3] The vertebral centrum of this shark are over 12.7 cm (5 inch) wide.[2] Scientists suggest that this shark at least reached {{convert|9.1|m|ft}} in total length (TL),[2] with a maximum length of {{convert|12.2|m|ft}}.[4] DistributionOtodus had a worldwide distribution, as fossils have been excavated from Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America.[1]DietOtodus likely preyed upon large bony fish, other sharks, and from the Eocene until the genus' extinct during the Miocene, marine mammals. It was among the top predators of its time. EvolutionScientists determined that Otodus evolved into the genus Carcharocles, given substantial fossil evidence in the form of transitional teeth.[1][2] Some teeth have been excavated from the sediments of the Potomac River in Maryland, USA, Ypres clay in Belgium, and western Kazakhstan, which are morphologically very similar to Otodus teeth but with lightly serrated cusplets and a serrated cutting edge. These transitional fossils suggest a worldwide evolutionary event, and support the theory that Otodus eventually evolved into Otodus aksuaticus and thus initiated the Carcharocles lineage.[1] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation|last=Bourdon|first=Jim|title=Otodus|url=http://www.elasmo.com/frameMe.html?file=genera/cenozoic/sharks/otodus.html&menu=bin/menu_genera-alt.html}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q3293316}}2. ^1 2 3 4 {{Citation|last=Renz|first=Mark|title=Megalodon: Hunting the Hunter|pages=26–30|publisher=PaleoPress|year=2002|isbn=0-9719477-0-8}} 3. ^{{Cite web|title=Huge OTODUS OBLIQUUS shark tooth with pathology|url=http://www.paleodirect.com/sh204.htm|dateformat=|accessdate=May 21, 2011|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722071955/http://www.paleodirect.com/sh204.htm|archivedate=July 22, 2011|df=}} 4. ^{{cite web|author=Gordon Hubbel|title=Virtual Tour of Private Shark Museum|date=2006|url=http://www.tellmewhereonearth.com/Web%20Pages/Sharks/Sharks_Page_15.htm|accessdate=2014-02-12}} 5 : Otodontidae|Paleocene sharks|Eocene sharks|Prehistoric fish of Africa|Fossil taxa described in 1843 |
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