| 词条 | Otokar Cobra | ||||
| 释义 |
|name=Otokar Cobra |image= Paradbaku98.jpg |image_size = 300 |caption=Otokar Cobra in an Azerbaijani military parade. This Cobra is armed with a DShKM machine gun and a mounted gun shield. |origin= Turkey |type= Infantry mobility vehicle |Variants= Cobra Cobra II Both configurable as Armoured Personnel Carrier, Anti-Tank Vehicle, Amphibious vehicle, Reconnaissance Vehicle, Ground Surveillance Radar Vehicle, Forward Observation Vehicle, Armoured Ambulance |designer= Otokar |manufacturer= Otokar |service= 1997–present |used_by= Operators |wars= War in Afghanistan (2001–present) Russo-Georgian War Kurdish–Turkish conflict Boko Haram insurgency Operation Euphrates Shield Operation Olive Branch Kosovo War |is_vehicle= yes |crew= Cobra 1+8 Cobra II: 2+7 |length= Cobra: 5.23m Cobra II: 5.6m |width= Cobra: 2.22m Cobra II: 2.5m |height= Cobra: 2.1m Cobra II: 2.2m |weight= Cobra: 6,200 kg Cobra II: 12,000kg. |armour= |armament_system= |primary_armament= |secondary_armament= |engine= Cobra: 6.5L, GM V8 diesel, water cooled, turbo charged Cobra II: 6.7L, six-cylinder, water cooled, turbo charged, common rail, diesel engine |engine_power= Cobra: 190 hp Cobra II: 281hp |suspension= Helical coil suspension |speed= Cobra: 115 km/h (72 mph) Cobra II: 110mile/h |vehicle_range= Cobra: 752 km Cobra II: 700km |Transmission = Cobra: 4-speed automatic / Cobra II: 6-speed automatic }} The Cobra ({{lang-tr|Kobra}}) is an infantry mobility vehicle developed by Turkish firm Otokar which uses some mechanical components and sub-systems of the HMMWV.[1][1] DurabilityThe monocoque steel v-hull provides protection against small arms fire, artillery shell shrapnel, and to a certain degree against anti-personnel and tank mines, and IEDs. Front wheel arches are designed to be blown away to free blast pockets.[1] In December 2016, footage of an ISIL attack against Turkish M-60 Sabra tanks circulating the Internet, showed the crew of a Cobra APC surviving a direct hit from an ISIL RPG.[2] VariantsCobraThe Cobra vehicle forms a common platform which can be adapted for various roles and mission requirements including: armoured personnel carrier, anti-tank vehicle, reconnaissance vehicle, ground surveillance radar vehicle, forward observation vehicle, armoured ambulance, armoured command post, turreted vehicle for 12.7mm machine gun (turret produced by the Israeli firm Rafael), 20mm cannon, anti-tank missiles such as the TOW missile and Spike missiles or surface-to-air missiles.[1] Cobras can be used as amphibious combat vehicles. Turkish naval forces are currently looking for a new amphibious vehicle and the Cobra is listed among the candidates for acquisition. Cobra IIFirst unveiled at IDEF 2013, the Cobra II is a more heavily armoured successor to the Cobra. The Cobra II has a combat weight that is roughly double that of its predecessor and is slightly wider, longer and taller.[3] Standard equipment includes rear view camera, thermal front camera, air conditioning system, blackout lighting system, multi-point seat belts, radio provisions, and a towing eye. It can be optionally equipped with a self-recovery winch, nuclear, biological and chemical filtration kit, automation fire extinguishing system, intercom system, navigation system and an auxiliary power unit.[4] In an APC configuration, the vehicle can carry nine personnel and can be armed with a number of different weapons, including crew-operated machine guns and remote weapon stations armed with short-range surface-to-air missiles and grenade launchers.[3] Powered by a 6.7 L, six-cylinder, water cooled, turbo charged, common rail diesel engine that produces 281 hp, its maximum road speed is 110 km/h on roads and has a maximum cruising range of 700 km[4] with an operating temperature from -10 up to 45 degree C. Otokar has received orders for the Cobra II both from an undisclosed customer and from the Turkish Armed Forces.[3] In late 2015, the Turkish Armed Forces ordered 82 Cobra II vehicles plus related systems, maintenance and support worth $52 million.[3][5][6] In June 2016, the Turkish Armed Forces ordered an undisclosed number of Cobra II vehicles plus related systems, maintenance and support worth $120.8 million.[7] Assuming the same value to vehicle ratio as the 2015 order, this would imply an order of about 180 vehicles.[7] Cobra II amphibiousThere is an amphibious and slightly larger variant of the Cobra II with a more powerful 6.7 L, 360Hp, V6 turbocharged engine that is capable of crossing lakes and smaller bodies of water.[8] Operational historyBangladeshBangladesh Army operates 32 cobras, with 600+ units in order. received approximately 30 unit in early-mid April GeorgiaIn the 2008 South Ossetia war, Cobra vehicles equipped with 12.7 mm NSV machine gun PakistanAccording to sources, Pakistan purchased over 200 of these vehicles and plan to have about 500 in their inventory. A deal was concluded with TOT and the remaining vehicles are to be produced at Heavy Industries Taxila with additional orders for Otokar Akrep. NigeriaThe Nigerian military has deployed Cobras during operations against the terrorist Boko Haram insurgency in the north-east of the country since 2013.[11] AfghanistanCobras are used by the Turkish Armed Forces in Afghanistan. TurkeyCobras are actively being used by the Turkish Armed Forces within the country for anti-terrorism operations. Cobras have shown to be highly resistant against most mine and IED attacks, with the crew surviving most incidents without any injuries. The increasing sophistication of IED use by the PKK and the loss of eight soldiers inside one on August 19, 2015, has prompted the Turkish Armed Forces to upgrade its fleet of armoured vehicles.[12] This has, in part, led to additional orders for the improved Cobra II.[6] Cobras have also been used effectively by the Free Syrian Army against ISIS and YPG during Operation Euphrates Shield. Burkina FasoA Burkinabe army vehicle was struck by an IED in the area of Kompienbiga, after hitting an IED laid by terrorists, the explosion overturned the army vehicle upside down, after which it caught fire. At least three dead and four wounded.[13] OperatorsCurrent Cobra operators
Cobra II current and planned operators
GallerySee also
Sources1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|title=Otokar Cobra is a true all-terrain fighting machine|publisher=Fox News|accessdate=20 September 2015|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115837/http://www.foxnews.com/leisure/2012/11/14/otokar-cobra-is-true-all-terrain-fighting-machine/|archivedate=24 September 2015|df=}} 2. ^https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Il493DPkMQ 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57021/otokar-s-cobra-ii-4x4-receives-its-first-orders|title=Otokar's Cobra II 4x4 receives its first orders {{!}} IHS Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com|access-date=2016-04-21}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.army-technology.com/projects/cobra-ii-tactical-wheeled-armoured-vehicle/|title=Cobra II Tactical Wheeled Armoured Vehicle|website=Army Technology|access-date=2016-04-21}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Security-Industry/2015/12/24/Turkey-contracts-Otokar-for-Cobra-II-armored-vehicles/9851450982184/|title=Turkey contracts Otokar for Cobra II armored vehicles|website=UPI|access-date=2016-04-21}} 6. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/land/vehicles/2015/12/22/turkey-picks-otokar-for-52m-armored-vehicle-contract/77776058/|title=Turkey Picks Otokar for $52M Armored Vehicle Contract|website=Defense News|access-date=2016-04-21}} 7. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/61726/turkey-orders-more-cobra-ii-armoured-vehicles|title=Turkey orders more Cobra II armoured vehicles {{!}} IHS Jane's 360|website=www.janes.com|access-date=2016-06-27}} 8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.otokar.com/en-us/products/Documents/cobra-ii.pdf|title=Otokar Cobra II|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220012100/https://www.otokar.com/en-us/products/Documents/cobra-ii.pdf|archive-date=2017-02-20|dead-url=yes|access-date=}} 9. ^Independent International Fact Finding Mission on the Conflict in Georgia, Final report Volume III. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706223252/http://www.ceiig.ch/pdf/IIFFMCG_Volume_III.pdf |date=2011-07-06 }} p.121 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://defence.pk/pdf/threads/russians-are-working-on-otokar-cobra-technologies.136494/|title=Russians are working on Otokar Cobra technologies|}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://beegeagle.wordpress.com/2013/08/22/security-operations-in-insurgency-prone-emergency-rule-areas-of-n-e-nigeria-eid-el-fitr-celebrations-8-9-august-2013-photo-credit-sunday-alambaassociated-press/#comments|title=SECURITY OPERATIONS IN INSURGENCY-PRONE ‘EMERGENCY RULE’ AREAS OF N.E NIGERIA : EID-EL-FITR CELEBRATIONS 8-9 AUGUST, 2013 (PHOTO CREDIT: SUNDAY ALAMBA/ASSOCIATED PRESS) - Beegeagle's Blog|work=Beegeagle's Blog|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/turkish-army-to-upgrade-armored-vehicles.aspx?pageID=238&nID=87282&NewsCatID=338|title=Turkish army to upgrade armored vehicles - POLITICS|work=hurriyetdailynews.com|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=https://rg.ru/2018/12/25/kobra-ustarela-zashchita-broneavtomobilia-okazalas-nedostatochnoj.html|title="Кобра" устарела: защита бронеавтомобиля оказалась недостаточной|work=Rossiyskaya Gazeta}} 14. ^ 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.arabic-military.com/t60196-topic|title=ناقلات الجنود المدرعة تركية الصنع !|access-date=2016-10-01}} 16. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/gulf/bahrain-army-equip.htm|title=Bahrain - Army Equipment|last=Pike|first=John|website=www.globalsecurity.org|access-date=2016-10-01}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.defencebd.com/2011/07/otokar-cobra-of-dhaka-metropolitan.html#.U6ck5kDRW40|title=Otokar cobra of Dhaka Metropolitan Police ~ Bangladesh Defence|work=defencebd.com|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web |last1=de Cherisey |first1=Erwan |title=Burkina Faso shows new Cobra armoured vehicles |url=https://www.janes.com/article/85347/burkina-faso-shows-new-cobra-armoured-vehicles |website=IHS Jane's 360 |accessdate=20 December 2018 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220202749/https://www.janes.com/article/85347/burkina-faso-shows-new-cobra-armoured-vehicles |archivedate=20 December 2018 |location=Paris |date=20 December 2018 |deadurl=no}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://ekonomi.milliyet.com.tr/otokar-kazakistan-da-cobra-uretecek/ekonomi/ekonomidetay/07.05.2012/1537360/default.htm|title=Otokar Kazakistan'da 'Cobra' üretecek|date=7 May 2012|work=MİLLİYET HABER - TÜRKİYE'NİN HABER SİTESİ|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://mksf-ks.org/?page=1,24,696|title=Turqia e mbështet fuqishëm FSK-në|work=MFSK - MKBS - MKSF|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 21. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 {{cite web|url=http://www.army-technology.com/projects/cobra/|title=Cobra Light Armoured Vehicle - Army Technology|work=army-technology.com|accessdate=20 September 2015}}{{Unreliable source?|reason=domain on WP:BLACKLIST|date=June 2016}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/article/57299/mauritania-deploys-new-armoured-vehicles-for-peacekeeping-mission|title=Mauritania deploys new armoured vehicles for peacekeeping mission|work=janes.com|accessdate=18 January 2016}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://vlada.mk/node/5269?language=en-gb|title=DM Besimi receives Turkish donation for ARM|work=Влада на Република Македонија|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vijesti.me/vijesti/ministarstvo-nastavlja-nadogradnju-cobre-936536|title=Ministarstvo nastavlja nadogradnju "cobre"|work=vijesti.me|accessdate=5 March 2017}} 25. ^1 2 https://web.archive.org/web/20170622123315/http://www.janes.com/images/assets/520/71520/New-model_African_armies.pdf 26. ^{{cite web | title = Cobra Armored Personnel Carrier| url=http://www.military-today.com/apc/cobra.htm }} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rtvslo.si/modload.php?&c_mod=rnews&op=sections&func=read&c_menu=1&c_id=176034|title=36.000 evrov za uro leta|work=Prvi interaktivni multimedijski portal, MMC RTV Slovenija|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 28. ^{{cite web|title=Video: captured Turkish Otokar Cobra armored vehicle|url=http://defense-watch.com/2016/12/30/video-captured-turkish-otokar-cobra-armored-vehicle/|website=Defence Watch|accessdate=14 March 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170314111111/http://defense-watch.com/2016/12/30/video-captured-turkish-otokar-cobra-armored-vehicle/|archivedate=14 March 2017|date=30 December 2016|deadurl=yes|df=}} 29. ^{{cite web|title=NDF on Twitter: Another Turkish armored (Otokar Cobra) has been captured by Syrian Army from #ISIS #EastAleppo|url=https://twitter.com/NatDefFor/status/840683098660581376|website=Twitter|accessdate=14 March 2017|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20170314111225/https://twitter.com/NatDefFor/status/840683098660581376|archivedate=14 March 2017|date=11 March 2017|deadurl=yes|df=}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/article/20140306/DEFREG01/303060017/Turkey-s-Otokar-Wins-Armored-Vehicle-Contract-From-UN|title=Turkey's Otokar Wins Armored Vehicle Contract From UN|work=Defense News|accessdate=20 September 2015}} 31. ^{{lang-fr|[https://www.menadefense.net/afnord/otokar-cobras-larmee-tunisienne/ Des Otokar Cobras pour l’armée tunisienne]}} 32. ^http://soyledik.com/tr/analiz/2655/turkiyeden-kosovaya-askeri-destek--ibrahim-rustemi.html External links{{commons category|Otokar Cobra}}
{{Modern IFV and APC}}{{Modern Recce}}{{Turkish Army vehicles}} 7 : Wheeled amphibious armoured fighting vehicles|Armoured cars|Wheeled armoured fighting vehicles|Internal security vehicles|Armoured fighting vehicles of Turkey|Otokar products|Reconnaissance vehicles |
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