| 释义 |
- Types of exercise Aerobic exercise Anaerobic exercise Strength training Calisthenics Stretching exercises Specialized training methods Other
- Exercise and health Health benefits of exercise Dangers of exercise
- Terminology
- History of exercise
- Exercise equipment Traditional Other
- Physiology of exercise Health monitor
- Miscellaneous concepts
- Significant people of physical fitness
- Lists
- See also
- References
- External links
{{Short description|1=Overview of and topical guide to exercise}}Contents/Outlines. Wikipedia outlines are a special type of list article. They make up one of Wikipedia's content navigation systems See Outlines for more details. Further improvements to this outline are on the way ...--> The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to exercise: Exercise – any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness. It is performed for various reasons including strengthening muscles and the cardiovascular system, honing athletic skills, weight loss or maintenance, as well as for the purpose of enjoyment. Frequent and regular physical exercise boosts the immune system, and helps prevent the "diseases of affluence" such as heart disease, cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes and obesity.[1][2]{{TOC limit|limit=2}} Types of exercise Aerobic exercise Aerobic exercise – - Aerobics
- Circuit training
- Cycling
- Hiking
- Running
- Skipping rope
- Swimming
- Walking
- Power walking
Anaerobic exercise Anaerobic exercise – - Bodybuilding
- Eccentric training
- Functional training
- Sprint (running)
- Weight training
Strength training Strength training (by muscle to be strengthened; (c) = compound exercise, (i) = isolated exercise) - Quadriceps (front of thighs)
- Leg extension (i)
- Leg press (c)
- Lunge (c)
- Squat (c)
- Hamstrings (back of thighs)
- Deadlift (c)
- Good-morning (c)
- Leg curl (i)
- Squat (c)
- Calves
- Pectorals (chest)
- Bench press (c)
- Chest fly (i)
- Dips
- Machine fly (i)
- Push-up (c)
- Lats and trapezius (back)
- Bent-over row (c)
- Chin-up (c)
- Pulldown (c)
- Pullup (c)
- Seated row (c)
- Shoulder shrug (i)
- Supine row (c)
- Deltoids (shoulders)
- Front raise (i)
- Head stand into Handstand push-up (c)
- Lateral raise (i)
- Military press (c)
- Rear delt raise (i)
- Shoulder press (c)
- Upright row (c)
- Biceps (front of arms)
- Biceps curl (i)
- Pull ups with a supinated grip
- Triceps (back of arms)
- Close-grip bench press (c)
- Dip (c)
- Pushdown (i)
- Triceps extension (i)
- Forearms
- Wrist curl (i)
- Wrist extension (i)
- Abdomen and obliques (belly)
- Crunch (i)
- Leg raise (c)
- Russian twist (c)
- Sit-up (c)
- Lower back
- Deadlift (c)
- Good-morning (c)
- Hyperextension (c)
- Pelvis
- Extended length conditioning
Calisthenics Calisthenics- Abdominal exercise
- Calf-raises
- Crunches
- Dips
- Hyperextensions
- Jumping jacks
- Leg raises
- Lunges
- Plank
- Pull-ups
- Muscle-ups
- Push-ups
- Sit-ups
- Squat jumps (Toyotas/Box Jumps)
- Squats
Stretching exercises Stretching – - Ballistic stretching
- Dynamic stretching
- PNF stretching
- Static stretching
Specialized training methods - Altitude training
- Boxing training
- Circuit training
- Complex training
- Cross training
- Endurance training
- Grip strength training
- Interval training
- Plyometrics (jump training)
- Strength training
- High intensity training
- Weight training
- Resistance training
- Training to failure
Other - Physical therapy
- Pilates
- Yoga
Exercise and health Health benefits of exercise{{Main|Physical exercise#Health effects}}- Aerobic conditioning
- Neurobiological effects of physical exercise - improves:
- Executive function
- Memory
- Stress management
- Physical fitness, including improving and maintaining these aspects of it:
- Accuracy
- Agility
- Balance
- Coordination
- Endurance
- Flexibility
- Power
- Speed
- Stamina
- Strength
- Prevention – exercise helps prevent:
- Cancer
- Drug addiction
- Hypertension
- Major depressive disorder
- Neurodegenerative disorders
- Obesity
- Osteoporosis
- Type 2 Diabetes
Dangers of exercise - Cramps
- Dehydration
- Heat stroke
- Overtraining
- Sports injury
- Sprain – pull or rupture ligaments
- Strain – pull or rupture muscles
- Tendon rupture
- Achilles tendon rupture
Terminology - Reps –
- Sets –
- Workout –
- Warm up – yes
- Ripped –
- Buff –
- Recovery –
- Nutritional
- Formula –
- Dietary supplement –
- Protein –
- Whey protein –
- Energy drink –
- Snack bar –
- Amino acid –
- Creatine
- Vitamin B2
- Vitamin B6
- Vitamin B12
- Biological
- Muscle –
- Muscle tissue –
- Muscle fiber –
- Joint –
- Tendon –
History of exercise - Aerobic exercise § History
- Bodybuilding § History
- Exercise § History
- Exercise physiology § History
- Exercise trends
- Fitness boot camp § History
- Fitness culture
- Physical culture
- Outdoor fitness § History
Exercise equipment List of exercise equipment Traditional - Dumbbell
- Barbell
- Chin-up bar
- Kettlebell
- Treadmill
- Punching bag
- Metal bar
- Bench
Other {{div col|colwidth=30em}}- Abdomenizer
- Aerobie
- Air flow ball
- BOSU
- Balance board
- Baoding Balls
- Bicycle
- Bone exercise monitor
- Bowflex
- Bulgarian Bag
- Bullworker
- Carva
- Communications Specification for Fitness Equipment
- Cybex International
- Elliptical trainer
- Exercise machine
- Exercise ball
- Exertris
- Fitness trail
- Galileo
- Gamebike
- Gravity boots
- Grippers
- Gymnasticon
- Heart rate monitor
- Hydraulic Exercise Equipment
- ICON Health & Fitness
- Indoor rower
- Inversion therapy
- Jade egg
- Mallakhamb
- Medicine ball
- NordicTrack
- Outdoor gym
- PCGamerBike
- Pedometer
- Pole dance
- Power tower
- Power-Plate
- Range of Motion
- Resistance band
- Roman chair
- RowPerfect
- Scrum machine
- Slant board
- Soloflex
- Stairmaster
- Stationary bicycle
- Thighmaster
- Total Gym
- Treadmill
- Treadmill Desk
- Treadmill with Vibration Isolation System
- Treadmill workstation
- Vaginal cone
- Wheelchair trainer
- Wobble board
- Wrist roller
- Yoni egg
{{div col end}}- Barbell
- Bench (weight training)
- Bowflex
- Bulgarian Bag
- Cable machine
- Captains of Crush Grippers
- Dip bar
- Dumbbell
- Halteres (ancient Greece)
- Indian clubs
- Iron rings
- IronMind
- Ivanko Barbell Company
- Kettlebell
- Leg press
- Power cage
- Shake Weight
- Smith machine
- Soloflex
- Total Gym
- Trap bar
- Universal Gym Equipment
- Weight machine
- York Barbell
Physiology of exercise Exercise physiology- Aerobic exercise
- Anaerobic exercise
- Exercise induced nausea
- Grip strength
- Muscle hypertrophy
- Overtraining
- Stretching
- Supercompensation
- Warming up
- Weight cutting
- Weight loss
Health monitor Remote physiological monitoring- Body fat percentage
- Blood pressure
- Heart rate
- Pulse rate
- Respiration rate
Miscellaneous concepts - Fitness professional
- Personal trainer
- Weighted clothing
Significant people of physical fitness - Roger Bannister
- Lance Armstrong
- John Basedow
- Robyn Landis
- Joseph Pilates (b.1883-d.1967)
- Susan Powter
- Arnold Schwarzenegger
- Jack LaLanne (b.1914-d.2011)
- Erwan Le Corre
- Georges Hébert (b.1875-d.1957)
Lists - List of exercise equipment
- List of weight training exercises
See also{{Portal|Health and fitness}}- Outline of health
- Outline of nutrition
- Outline of sports
- Sportswear
References1. ^{{Cite journal| volume = 343| journal = New England Journal of Medicine| title = Primary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women through Diet and Lifestyle| issue = 1| pages = 16–22| doi = 10.1056/NEJM200007063430103| pmid = 10882764| year = 2000| last1 = Stampfer| first1 = M. J.| last2 = Hu | first2 = F. B.| last3 = Manson | first3 = J. E.| last4 = Rimm | first4 = E. B.| last5 = Willett| first5 = W. C.}}
2. ^Hu., F., Manson, J., Stampfer, M., Graham, C., et al. (2001). Diet, lifestyle, and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in women. The New England Journal of Medicine, 345(11), 790–797. Retrieved October 5, 2006, from ProQuest database.
External links{{Sister project links|Exercise}}- Yahoo! Health
- Alberta Centre for Active Living Physical Activity @ Work website
- American College of Sports Medicine website
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