| 词条 | Pacific Biological Laboratories |
| 释义 |
| name = Pacific Biological Laboratories | nrhp_type = | image = Pacific Biological Laboratories, exterior 2016.jpg | caption = The Pacific Biological Laboratories of Ed Ricketts, on Cannery Row, Monterey, California. | location= 800 Cannery Row, Monterey, California | coordinates = {{coord|36|37|1|N|121|53|59|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = United States Monterey Peninsula | map_caption = Location in the Monterey Peninsula | built = 1937 | architect = Oneweiler | architecture = | added = December 29, 1994 | area = less than one acre | governing_body = Local | refnum = 94001498[1] }} Pacific Biological Laboratories, abbreviated PBL, was a biological supply house that sold preserved animals and prepared specimen microscope slides, many of which were of maritime aquatic species, to schools, museums, and research institutions. It was located in a building on what is now Monterey's Cannery Row on Monterey Bay in Monterey County, California. The building, activities, and business were fictionalized as "Western Biological Laboratory" by John Steinbeck in his novel Cannery Row, as was a character based on one of its founders, Ed Ricketts.[2] After a 1936 fire Steinbeck invested in the laboratory and owned half its stock. HistoryThe company was started by Ed Ricketts with his college roommate and business partner Albert Galigher in 1923. Originally located in Pacific Grove at 165 Fountain Avenue,[3][4] the lab was moved to 740 Ocean View Avenue, Monterey, California around January, 1930,[5] where Ricketts became sole owner. Today, that location is 800 Cannery Row. As a result of marital problems between Ricketts and his first wife Anna, the lab served as Ricketts's home for some time beginning in 1936.[6] On November 25, 1936, a fire broke out at the Del Mar Cannery next to the lab (site of today's Monterey Bay Aquarium) and most of the contents of the laboratory were destroyed. The manuscript for Between Pacific Tides survived the fire as it had already been sent to Stanford University for publication. It was Steinbeck that saved the lab financially after the fire with the purchase of half the company's stock.[7] The onset of World War II led to the decline of the commercial operation of the lab. However, the legacy of the specimens collected and distributed by PBL lives on. Museums throughout the United States contain specimens collected by Ricketts, including the Field Museum in Chicago, the Smithsonian Institution, the California Academy of Sciences, the American Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University and the Museum of Zoology at Lund University in Sweden.[5] The lab became a meeting place for intellectuals, artists, and writers, including Bruce Ariss, Joseph Campbell, Henry Miller, John Steinbeck, Lincoln Steffens, and Francis Whitaker. CatalogRicketts produced his first scientific publication, a catalog of marine biological specimens recorded in photographs and drawings. Originally meant for advertisement it may well have been the first record of Monterey Bay intertidal species.[8] Preservation and Legacy{{stack|}}After his death the lab was bought by many of Ricketts' old friends who continued meeting there every Wednesday evening very much like in the past. They sold the building to the city of Monterey in 1993. It was restored by the Cannery Row Foundation which was given the Governor's Award for Historic Preservation. On May 14, 1997, the 100th anniversary of Ricketts' birth, a commemorative plaque was placed on the 165 Fountain Avenue location by the Pacific Grove Heritage Society and the Pacific Grove Museum of Natural History Association. The Pacific Biological Laboratories is on the National Register of Historic Places. References1. ^{{NRISref|version=2009a}} {{National Register of Historic Places in California}}{{John Steinbeck}}2. ^{{cite book | last1 = McElrath | first1 = Joseph R. | last2 = Crisler | first2 = Jesse S. | last3 = Shillinglaw | first3 = Susan | title =Pacific Grove | publisher =Cambridge University | year =1996 | pages =372 | isbn =0-521-41038-X }} 3. ^{{cite book | last =Seavey | first =Kent | authorlink = | title =Pacific Grove | publisher =Arcadia Publishing | year =2005 | pages =110 | isbn =0-7385-2964-8 }} 4. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.caviews.com/ricketts.htm| title=Edward F. Ricketts, he is not "Doc" | accessdate=2007-10-08| publisher=www.caviews.com}} 5. ^1 {{cite book | last =Tamm | first =Eric Enno | title =Beyond the Outer Shores | publisher =Four Walls Eight Windows | year =2004 | pages =4 | isbn =1-56858-298-6 }} 6. ^{{Cite web | url=http://www.ecotopia.org/ehof/ricketts/index.html| title=Ecology Hall of Fame Ed Ricketts 1897-1948| accessdate=2007-08-10| publisher=www.ecotopia.org}} 7. ^{{cite book |title = Beyond the Outer Shores| last=Tamm| first=Eric| publisher = Four Walls Eight Windows|year = 2004| pages = 49| isbn=0-521-41038-X}} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Edward F. Ricketts Jr.|title=Breaking Through: Essays, Journals, and Travelogues of Edward F. Ricketts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I4vCCNpiDPQC&pg=PA80|date=20 May 2006|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-93266-1|page=80}} 14 : Monterey, California|Buildings and structures in Monterey County, California|Laboratories in California|History of Monterey County, California|Industrial buildings completed in 1937|Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in California|National Register of Historic Places in Monterey County, California|Monterey Bay|Landmarks in California|Biology and culture|American companies established in 1923|1923 establishments in California|1940s disestablishments in California|John Steinbeck |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。