| 词条 | Paisius of Hilendar |
| 释义 |
|name=Saint Paisiy of Hilendar Свети Паисий Хилендарски Sveti Paisiy Hilendarski |birth_date=Bansko,[1] Ottoman Empire 1722 |death_date=Stanimaka, Ottoman Empire c. 1773 |feast_day=19 June |venerated_in=Bulgaria, the Eastern Orthodox world |image=Паисий Хилендарски.jpg |imagesize=200px |caption= }}Saint Paisius of Hilendar or Paìsiy Hilendàrski ({{lang-bg|Свети Паисий Хилендарски}}) (1722–1773) was a Bulgarian clergyman and a key Bulgarian National Revival figure. He is most famous for being the author of Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya, the second modern Bulgarian history after the work of Petar Bogdan Bakshev from 1667, "History of Bulgaria".[2] Most Bulgarians are taught that he was the forefather of the Bulgarian National Revival.[3] Paisius was born in the Samokov eparchy of the time, probably in the town of Bansko.[4][5] He established himself in the Hilandar monastery on Mount Athos in 1745, where he was later a hieromonk and deputy-abbot. Collecting materials for two years through hard work and even visiting the Habsburg Monarchy, he finished his Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya in 1762 in the Zograf Monastery. The book was the first attempt to write a complete history of Bulgaria and attempted to awake and strengthen Bulgarian national consciousnesses.[6] The most famous part of the whole book is the paragraph: "Oh, you unwise moron! Why are you ashamed to call yourself a Bulgarian and why don't you read and speak in your native language? Weren't Bulgarians powerful and glorious once? Didn't they take taxes from strong Romans and wise Greeks? Out of all the Slavic nations they were the bravest one. Our rulers were the first ones to call themselves kings, the first ones to have patriarchs, the first ones to baptise their people.(...) Why are you ashamed of your great history and your great language and why do you leave it to turn yourselves into Greeks? Why do you think they are any better than you? Well, here you're right because did you see a Greek leave his country and ancestry like you do?" This more or less signifies the purpose of the author who speaks about the danger of Bulgarians falling victim to the Hellenization policies of the mainly Greek clergy. These anti-Greek sentiments presented in Paisius writing, characterized the Greeks as some kind of Bulgarian national enemies.[7][8][9] The book's first manual copy was done by Sophronius of Vratsa in 1765. Structurally, Istoriya Slavyanobolgarskaya consists of two introductions, several chapters that discuss various historic events, a chapter about the "Slavic teachers", the disciples of Cyril and Methodius, a chapter about the Bulgarian saints, and an epilogue. As Paisius toured Bulgaria as a mendicant friar, he brought his work, which was copied and spread among the Bulgarians. He is thought to have died on the way to Mount Athos near Ampelino (modern-day Asenovgrad). HonourPaisiy Peak on Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica is named after Paisiy of Hilendar.[10]The saint is portrayed on the obverse of the Bulgarian 2 lev banknote, issued in 1999 and 2005.[11] References and notes{{commons category|Saint Paisius of Hilendar}}1. ^Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Macedonia, Dimitar Bechev, Scarecrow Press, 2009, {{ISBN|0810855658}}, Introduction. {{Authority control}}2. ^{{cite book |author=J. D. B. |author-link = James Bourchier |chapter= Bulgaria |title=The Encyclopaedia Britannica; A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information |page= 781, 785-786 |year=1910 |volume=IV (BISHARIN to CALGARY)|edition= 11th |publisher=At the University Press |place=Cambridge, England |url= https://archive.org/stream/encyclopaediabri04chisrich#page/785/mode/2up |accessdate= 21 June 2018 |via= Internet Archive}} 3. ^{{cite book | last =Daskalov | first =Rumen | title =The Making of a Nation in the Balkans: Historiography of the Bulgarian Revival | publisher =Central European University Press | year =2004 | pages =7–8 | isbn =963-9241-83-0 }} 4. ^"История на България", Издателство на Българската академия на науките, т. 5, София 1985, с. 128. 5. ^[https://books.google.com/books?id=JmFetR5Wqd8C&pg=PA85 The Encyclopedia of Eastern Orthodox Christianity], John Anthony McGuckin, John Wiley & Sons, 2011, {{ISBN|1405185392}}, p.85. 6. ^{{cite book | last =Berend | first =Tibor Iván | title =History Derailed: Central and Eastern Europe in the Long Nineteenth Century | publisher =University of California Press | year =2003 | pages =76 | isbn =0-520-23299-2 }} 7. ^The Formation of a Nationalist Bulgarian Intelligentsia, 1835-1878, Modern European history: a Garland series of outstanding dissertations, Thomas A. Meininger, Garland Pub., 1987, {{ISBN|0824080289}}, p. 75. 8. ^The Making of a Nation in the Balkans: Historiography of the Bulgarian Revival, Rumen Daskalov, Central European University Press, 2004, {{ISBN|9639241830}}, pp. 152-155. 9. ^Eastern Europe: an introduction to the people, lands, and culture. Vol. 2, Richard C. Frucht, ABC-CLIO, 2004, {{ISBN|1576078000}}, pp. 821-822. 10. ^[https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/display_name.cfm?gaz_id=134611 Paisiy Peak] [https://data.aad.gov.au/aadc/gaz/scar/ SCAR Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica] 11. ^Bulgarian National Bank. Notes and Coins in Circulation: 2 levs (1999 issue) & 2 levs (2005 issue). – Retrieved on 26 March 2009. 10 : 1722 births|1773 deaths|People from Bansko|Bulgarian writers|Bulgarian historians|Bulgarian saints|18th-century Christian saints|Macedonia under the Ottoman Empire|18th-century Bulgarian people|Macedonian Bulgarians |
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