| 词条 | Pakistan Aeronautical Complex |
| 释义 |
| name =Pakistan Aeronautical Complex | logo = PACLogo.png | logo_size =150px | logo_padding = | logo_alt = | logo_caption =Official logo of Pakistan Aeronautical Complex | image = | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | trading_name = | native_name = پاکستان ایروناٹیکل کمپلیکس | native_name_lang = | romanized_name = | former_name = | type =State-owned company | traded_as = | ISIN = | industry ={{unbulleted list |Aerospace |Defense }} | fate = | predecessor = | successor = | foundation = Kamra, Punjab, Pakistan 1971 | founder = | defunct = | location_city =Kamra, Attock District, Punjab | locations = | area_served =Worldwide | key_people =Air Marshal Ahmer Shahzad {{small|Chairman}} | products ={{List collapsed|title=Product list|1={{plain list| Civil and military aerospace }} }} | brands = | production =Military Aircraft | services =Aircraft maintenance Aircraft MLU systems Aircraft design, R&D | revenue = | operating_income = | net_income = | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner =Ministry of Defence Production {{small|(Primary owner; other ownership)}} | members = | num_employees = | parent =Pakistan Air Force | divisions ={{List collapsed|title=Divisions|1={{plain list|{{small|Aircraft Rebuild Factory}} {{small| Mirage Rebuild Factory}} {{small|Aircraft Manufacturing Factory}} {{small|Avionics Production Factory}} }} }} | subsid =Air Weapons Complex | website =www.pac.org.pk | footnotes = | location_country =Pakistan }} The Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC) ({{lang-ur|پاکستان ایروناٹیکل کمپلیکس}}) is a Pakistani aerospace, defence, aviation contractor, and military corporation producing aerial systems for both military and civilian usage, situated in Kamra, Attock District.[1] Founded in 1971 by the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), the PAC designs, develops, and build aircraft and avionics systems for the Inter–Services of the country; it also provides its services for civilian aircraft.[2] In addition, the PAC performs local maintenance and works on the aircraft MLU systems of foreign-built military and civilian aircraft. It is solely owned by the Pakistan Air Force as its corporate interests and its corporate appointments are directly made by the Chief of air staff from the Air HQ of the Pakistan Air Force.[2] Mainly focusing on avionics, aviation, and high-tech electronics, the PAC also manufactures military systems for the Pakistan Army and Navy, which are listed as "valued customers".[3] Many of these products are specially suited for the Pakistan Armed Forces needs, while others are also marketed to foreign militaries. While it collaborated with several countries corporate organisations, the PAC often jointly works with the Turkish TAI and the Chinese CATIC.[4] Its aircraft have been exported to Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.[5][6][7] OperationsSince 1947, the Pakistan Air Force operated largely dependent on foreign suppliers, fighter jets and aircraft had to be sent abroad for desired inspection, development, and to produce parts to maintain the fighter aircraft in service, causing the downsizing of the air force.[1] After consultation from the PAF's commanders at AHQ at the Pindi Cantt and assistance from the Chinese government, the Pakistan Aeronautical Complex (PAC) was established in 1973 in Kamra with Aircraft Rebuild Factory first being functional.[8][9] PAC was established by the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) as part of the new defence policy introduced in 1972; the PAC represents wide range of corporate revenue of the air force while fulfilling the national security needs of the country.[1] The Pakistan Aeronautical Complex started with three main Ministry of Defence projects designated P-721, P-741 and P-751.[8] The first two digits show the year of project approval and launch, the third digit is a serial designator.[8] Since 1980s–90s, PAC functions include licensed-built Mirage-III, Mirage-5, and the F-16s as well as building the F100 engines for the F-16s under license from Pratt & Whitney.[10] Aircraft Rebuild FactoryAircraft Rebuild Factory (ARF), formerly known as F-6 Rebuild Factory (F-6RF) and P-721, is primarily dedicated to the overhaul and parts manufacture of Chinese aircraft in service with the Pakistan Air force (PAF). The factory is capable of overhauling and parts manufacturing for the Shenyang F-6 (now retired by the PAF), Nanchang A-5 (also retired by the PAF) and F-7 combat aircraft, as well as the Shenyang FT-5 and FT-6 jet trainer aircraft. ARF is also capable of manufacturing Drop Tanks and harnesses of aircraft. Mirage Rebuild FactoryThe Mirage Rebuild Factory (MRF), formerly known as P-741, is dedicated to the overhaul of French origin military aircraft in service with the Pakistan Air Force (PAF), the Dassault Mirage III and Mirage V combat aircraft. Overhaul and manufacturing services were used by other countries with French Mirage aircraft in service. The Mirage III ana Mirage 5 are under license and built at the PAC factory. This factory also grew to service and overhaul the Pratt & Whitney F100 turbofan engines belonging to the F-16 Fighting Falcon combat aircraft of the PAF. Due to lack of budget for replacing outdated aircraft, the MRF was devoted to domestically overhauling them, which according to claims, saved the country billions of dollars.[11] Aircraft Manufacturing FactoryAircraft Manufacturing Factory (AMF), formerly known as P-751, is dedicated to heavy military aircraft manufacturing. The MFI-17 Mushshak basic trainer aircraft built under license for use by the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) and Pakistan Army aviation wing. This factory project managed the aircraft modification and development venture that resulted in the MFI-395 Super Mushshak basic trainer, based on the MFI-17 Mushshak. Development of the K-8 Karakorum (also known as Hongdu JL-8) intermediate/advanced jet trainer was done in co-operation with Hongdu Aviation Industry Group of China, with AMF manufacturing parts for the aircraft. The JF-17 multi-role combat aircraft (also known as FC-1), a joint project between China and Pakistan, is now being manufactured by AMF. The MFI-17, MFI-395, K-8 and JF-17 are now in service with the (PAF). AMF also designs and manufactures unmanned aerial vehicles for uses such as target practice. Manufacture of sub-assemblies for the JF-17 light-weight multi-role fighter began on 22 January 2008, while serial production of the fighter began on 30 June 2009. On 20 August 2009 the PAF announced that it would begin production of its own unmanned aerial vehicles in collaboration with Italian company Selex Galileo. Production of the UAV, named Falco, was to begin soon.[12] An earlier opportunity to manufacture a fighter aircraft was lost when the Pakistan Air Force abandoned Project Sabre II in 1987, a joint effort by Pakistan, China and Grumman Aerospace that would have seen AMF manufacturing a re-designed Chengdu F-7 variant. Avionics Production Factory (APF)Avionics production Factory (APF), formerly known as Kamra Avionics and Radar Factory (KARF) was initiated as Radar Maintenance Centre (RMC) in 1983 to overhaul and rebuild ground-based radar systems. In 1989, RMC was expanded to become Kamra Radar & Avionics Factory (KARF). APF has the facilities to assemble and overhaul airborne as well as ground-based radar systems, electronics and avionics. Currently the only ISO 9002 certified facility among PAC, the factory was involved in upgrading the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) Chengdu F-7P interceptor fleet by replacing the original Italian built FIAR Grifo-7 radar with the more capable FIAR Grifo-7 mk-II radar, which was assembled under licence by APF. More recently, radar production involved the license assembly of the latest upgrade variant of the FIAR Grifo-7, the Grifo-7MG radar, which arms the Chengdu F-7PG combat aircraft of the PAF. In mid-2009 it was reported that APF personnel had completed training on printed circuit board assembly machines supplied by US company APS Novastar, which would be used to make circuit boards for combat aircraft avionics.[13] As PAC's capabilities become competitive in the region, commercial ventures from national and international companies are also being undertaken. Project AzmOn 7 July 2017 the Pakistan Air Force announced the development of a fifth-generation fighter, a medium-altitude long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicle (MALE UAV) and munitions under the banner of Project Azm (resolve or determination).[14][15][16][17][18] Air Chief Marshal Sohail Aman stated that the design phase for the MALE UAV was in its final stages.[14][18] ProductsAircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)
Consumer Electronics
Services
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=History of PAC|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/history|publisher=PAC|accessdate=28 November 2014}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|last1=Introduction of PAC|title=Introduction of PAC|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/introduction|publisher=Introduction of PAC|accessdate=28 November 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Customers of PAC|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/customers|publisher=Customers of PAC|accessdate=28 November 2014}} 4. ^{{cite web|last1=PAC|title=Collaboration|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/collaboration|publisher=PAC collaboration|accessdate=28 November 2014}} 5. ^{{Cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1206082/export-success-nigeria-buy-10-super-mushshak-pakistan/|title=Nigeria to buy 10 Super Mushshak from Pakistan – The Express Tribune|date=22 October 2016|newspaper=The Express Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=22 October 2016}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/1129159/deal-qatar-buy-super-mushshak/|title=Qatar to buy Super Mushshak – The Express Tribune|date=24 June 2016|newspaper=The Express Tribune|language=en-US|access-date=22 October 2016}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/customers|title=Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Kamra – Our Valued Customers|website=www.pac.org.pk|access-date=22 October 2016}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=RSN|title=Asian strategic and military perspective|date=2005|publisher=Lancer Publishers & Distributors|location=New Delhi|isbn=817062245X|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LVjhy7I2lDAC&pg=PA263&dq=Pakistan+Aeronautical+Complex+1971&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UkGZVLWWE9bVoAS7nYA4&ved=0CC4QuwUwAQ#v=onepage&q=Pakistan%20Aeronautical%20Complex%201971&f=true|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 9. ^{{cite book|last1=Singh|first1=R.S.N.|title=The military factor in Pakistan|date=2008|publisher=Frankfort, IL|location=New Delhi|isbn=0981537898|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wCm2DFZblOYC&pg=PA395&dq=Pakistan+Aeronautical+Complex+1971&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UkGZVLWWE9bVoAS7nYA4&ved=0CDQQuwUwAg#v=onepage&q=Pakistan%20Aeronautical%20Complex%201971&f=true|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Staff writer|title=MIRAGE REBUILD FACTORY|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/mrf|publisher=MIRAGE REBUILD FACTORY|accessdate=23 December 2014}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1404605/thrifty-at-50-how-the-pakistan-air-force-keeps-ageing-mirages-flying|title=Thrifty at 50: How the Pakistan Air Force keeps ageing Mirages flying|first=|last=AFP|date=29 April 2018|publisher=}} 12. ^{{cite news | last = Malik| first = Sajjad| title = Pak version of drones 'whirrs' into production | publisher = Daily Times| date = 21 August 2009 | url = http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2009\\08\\21\\story_21-8-2009_pg7_3 | accessdate = 21 August 2009}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.macalliance.com/APS%20Novastar%20on%20a%20circuit%20in%20Pakistan.pdf|title=www.macalliance.com|publisher=}} 14. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://quwa.org/2017/07/06/pakistan-announces-5th-gen-fighter-male-uav-programs/|title=Pakistan Announces 5th-Gen Fighter And Medium-Altitude Long-Endurance UAV Programs|last=Khan|first=Bilal|date=6 July 2017|work=QUWA|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|publisher=QUWA}} 15. ^{{Cite news|url=http://nation.com.pk/national/06-Jul-2017/paf-establishes-aviation-city-at-aeronautical-complex-kamra|title=PAF establishes Aviation City at Aeronautical Complex Kamra|last=Master|first=Web|date=6 July 2017|work=The Nation|access-date=9 July 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} 16. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/214819-Groundbreaking-ceremony-of-Aviation-City-held-in-Kamra|title=Groundbreaking ceremony of Aviation City held in Kamra|last=Desk|first=Web|date=6 July 2017|work=The News International|access-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} 17. ^{{Cite news|url=http://quwa.org/2017/07/09/pakistan-sets-industry-goals-kamra-aviation-city-initiative/|title=Reviewing Pakistan’s Goals For The Kamra Aviation City Initiative|last=Khan|first=Bilal|date=9 July 2017|work=QUWA Defence News and Analysis Group|access-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} 18. ^1 {{Cite news|url=http://www.defenseworld.net/news/19806/Pakistan_To_Develop_Long_Endurance_Attack_Drone#.WWPMIojyuM8|title=Pakistan To Develop Long Endurance Attack Drone|last=|first=|date=8 July 2017|work=Defence World.net|access-date=10 July 2017|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=}} 19. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.pac.org.pk/jf-17|title=Pakistan Aeronautical Complex Kamra - JF-17 Thunder Aircraft|website=www.pac.org.pk|access-date=2017-12-15}} 20. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514041942/http://www.pac.org.pk/amfsite-final/ababeel.html |date=14 May 2009 }} 21. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514041951/http://www.pac.org.pk/amfsite-final/baaz.html |date=14 May 2009 }} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.airforce-technology.com/news/news62591.html |title=Pakistan Air Force Begins Production of Falco UAV |publisher=Airforce Technology |date= |accessdate=3 May 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/08/26/331492/pakistan-to-begin-co-production-of-falco-uav.html |title=Pakistan to begin co-production of Falco UAV |publisher=Flightglobal.com |date=26 August 2009 |accessdate=3 May 2013}} 24. ^Brummitt, Chris. "Guns and Androids: Pakistan Air Force Making iPads." Associated Press. 17 February 2012. 25. ^http://www.cpmc.pk/products/pac-ebook-1/ 26. ^http://www.cpmc.pk/products/pac-nbook-1/ External links
12 : Pakistan Aeronautical Complex|Attock District|Manufacturing plants in Pakistan|Defence companies of Pakistan|Aircraft manufacturers of Pakistan|Aerospace companies of Pakistan|Industrial parks in Pakistan|Military research installations of Pakistan|Engineering units and formations of Pakistan|Pakistan federal departments and agencies|1971 establishments in Pakistan|Government-owned companies of Pakistan |
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