| 词条 | Papilio nephelus | ||
| 释义 |
| status = | image = Yellow Helen Papilio nephelus at Jayanti, Duars, West Bengal W IMG 5604.jpg | image_caption = P. n. chaon at Jayanti in Buxa Tiger Reserve in Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India | image2 = Yellow Helen Papilio nephelus at Jayanti, Duars, West Bengal W IMG 5403.jpg | image2_caption = Yellow Helen (P. n. chaon) | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Lepidoptera | familia = Papilionidae | genus = Papilio | species = P. nephelus | binomial = Papilio nephelus | binomial_authority = Boisduval, 1836 | synonyms =Princeps nephelus Papilio chaon Westwood, 1845[1] | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision = 10, see text }} Papilio nephelus is a species of swallowtail butterfly belonging to the family Papilionidae. Subspecies include P. n. chaon, the yellow Helen, and P. n. sunatus, the black and white Helen. Description{{Lepidopteran glossary hatnote}}Papilio nephelus has a wingspan reaching about {{convert|10|-|12|cm}}. The basic colour of the wings is black, with a chain of white spots on the forewing and a large white or yellow area on the hindwing. The underside and the upperside of the wings in this species are very similar. The hindwings have wavy margins, with long tails. The thorax and the abdomen are black.[2]Papilio nephelus superficially closely resembles P. helenus. The differences are, however, both of structure and of colour. Male forewing upperside: entirely without the thick coating of short hairs on the outer half. Upperside: black with a sprinkling of yellowish-brown scales on the forewing, that form four longitudinal streaks on the cell and internervular streaks on the outer half. Hindwing: the upper discal white patch larger, formed of elongate broad streaks in interspaces 4 to 7 (not 5 to 7): no tornal nor subterminal markings. Underside ground colour duller brownish black; forewing with the diffuse scaling so disposed as to form grey cellular and internervular streaks, the streaks in interspaces 1a and 1 generally white, not diffuse. Hindwing: basal area sprinkled with yellow scales that form three longitudinal slender lines in the cell: the upper white discal patch as on the upperside, but the elongate white markings that compose it well divided by the black veins; below the discal white patch there is a small series of white spots in interspaces 1 to 3, the spot in 1 generally, in 2 very often, tinged with ochraceous yellow; a subterminal complete series of ochraceous-yellow lunules followed by admarginal narrow white spots. Antennae, head, thorax, and abdomen black; beneath: a line of white on the palpi, the thorax with some linear white markings. Female similar. Upperside ground colour browner; forewing: cellular and internervular streaks more prominent; in many specimens an obscure diffuse whitish subcostal shading just beyond apex of coll. Underside paler. Forewing with the cellular and internervular streaks and subcostal postcellular whitish patch more prominent; the posterior three internervular short streaks on the outer half of the wing white, not diffuse; in a few specimens there is a series of more or less conspicuous admarginal white spots, one in the middle of each interspace. Hindwing markings similar to those in the male, but larger and more prominent. Antennae, head, thorax, and abdomen as in the male, but the abdomen beneath with lateral white markings.[3] Larvae feed on Toddalia asiatica, Euodia meliifolia, Fagra rhetsa, Citrus species and Zanthoxylum rhetsa.[4]RangeThis species can be found the Asian part of the Palaearctic ecozone and partially in the Australasia ecozone and in the Indomalaya ecozone, from Nepal, Sikkim, Assam, to the south of China, and from Myanmar to Thailand and Indonesia.[2][4] HabitatThese butterflies are mainly present in the lowlands in the primary forests. GallerySubspeciesListed alphabetically:[4]
TaxonomyPapilio nephelus is a member of the helenus species group. The members of this clade are:
See also
References1. ^Arcana Ent. 2( ):97, pl.72, fig.1 Type locality: Assam 2. ^1 Butterfly Corner 3. ^{{cite book |last1=Bingham |first1=C.T. |authorlink=Charles Thomas Bingham |title=The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma |url=https://archive.org/details/butterflies02bingiala |volume=II |edition=1st |publisher= Taylor and Francis, Ltd. |location=London |year=1907 }} 4. ^1 2 Papilio nephelus, Funet.fi Other reading
External links
3 : Papilio|Butterflies of India|Butterflies of Indochina |
||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。