| 词条 | Parotid duct | |||||||
| 释义 |
| Name = Parotid duct | Latin = Ductus parotideus | Image = Gray1023.png | Caption = Right parotid gland. Deep and anterior aspects. (Parotid duct labeled at center left.) | Image2 = Gray1024.png | Caption2 = Dissection, showing salivary glands of right side. (Parotid duct visible at center.) | System = }} The parotid duct or Stensen duct is a duct and the route that saliva takes from the major salivary gland, the parotid gland into the mouth.[1] EponymIt is named after Nicolas Steno (1638–1686), a Danish anatomist credited with its detailed description in 1660. StructureThe parotid duct is formed when several interlobular ducts—the largest ducts inside the parotid gland—join. It emerges from the gland and runs forward along the lateral side of the masseter muscle. In this course, the duct is surrounded by the buccal fat pad.[2] It takes a steep turn at the border of the masseter and passes through the buccinator muscle, opening into the vestibule of the mouth, the region of the mouth between the cheek and the gums, at the parotid papilla, which lies across the second superior molar tooth.[3] The buccinator acts as a valve that prevents air forcing into the duct, which would cause pneumoparotitis.[4] Running along with the duct superiorly is the transverse facial artery and upper buccal nerve; running along with the duct inferiorly is the lower buccal nerve. The exit of the parotid ducts can be felt as small bumps (Papillae) on both sides of the mouth, and are usually positioned next to the maxillary second molars. Clinical relevanceBlockage, whether caused by salivary duct stones or external compression, may cause pain and swelling of the parotid gland (parotitis). Koplik's spots which are pathognomonic of measles are found near the opening of the parotid duct. Additional imagesSee also
References1. ^Ten Cate's Oral Histology, Nanci, Elsevier, 2013, page 255 2. ^{{cite book|last=Latarjet |first=Michel |author2= Ruiz Liard, Alfredo |title=Human Anatomy (Spanish Edition) |year=2005 |publisher=Editorial Médica Panamericana |isbn=978-950-06-1368-2|page= }} 3. ^Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy, Bath-Balogh and Fehrenbach, Elsevier, 2011, page 135 4. ^{{cite journal | url=http://www.aimshospital.org/medical_journal/medicine/vol8_July-Dec2012/Pneumoparotitis.pdf | title=Pneumoparotitis | author=Faizal B, Chandran MP | journal=Amrita Journal of Medicine | year=2012 | volume=8 | issue=2 | pages=1–44 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151211145008/http://www.aimshospital.org/medical_journal/medicine/vol8_July-Dec2012/Pneumoparotitis.pdf | archivedate=2015-12-11 | df= }}
External links
2 : Glands of mouth|Saliva |
|||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。