词条 | Dryopteris | |
释义 |
The moth genus Dryopteris is now considered a junior synonym of Oreta.{{automatic taxobox | image = Dryopteris filix mas nf.jpg | image_caption = Male fern (Dryopteris filix-mas) | taxon = Dryopteris | authority = Adans. | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text }} Dryopteris {{IPAc-en|d|r|aɪ|ˈ|ɒ|p|t|ə|r|ᵻ|s}},[1] commonly called wood fern, male fern (referring in particular to Dryopteris filix-mas), or buckler fern, is a genus of about 250 species of ferns with distribution in Eastern Asia, the Americas, Europe, Africa, and the Pacific islands, with the highest species diversity in eastern Asia.[2] Many of the species have stout, slowly creeping rootstocks that form a crown, with a vase-like ring of fronds. The sori are round, with a peltate indusium. The stipes have prominent scales. Hybridisation is a well-known phenomenon within this group, with many species formed by this method. EcologyDryopteris species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Batrachedra sophroniella (which feeds exclusively on D. cyatheoides) and Sthenopiseauratus. Cultivation and usesMany Dryopteris species are widely used as garden ornamental plants, especially D. affinis, D. erythrosora, and D. filix-mas, with numerous cultivars. Dryopteris filix-mas was throughout much of recent human history widely used as a vermifuge, and was the only fern listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia. Traditional use in Scandinavia against red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation is to place fronds in nesting boxes under nesting material and under floor covering material. Selected speciesSee also
References1. ^Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607 2. ^{{cite journal | url = http://www.amjbot.org/content/104/3/477 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.1600392 | journal = American Journal of Botany | date = March 2017 | volume = 104 | issue = 3 | pages = 477–486 | title = Into Africa: Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography of sub-Saharan African woodferns (Dryopteris) |first1=Emily B. |last1=Sessa |first2=Aino |last2=Juslén |first3=Henry |last3=Väre |first4=Sally M. |last4=Chambers }} External links{{Wikispecies}}
3 : Dryopteris|Dryopteridoideae|Fern genera |
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