| 词条 | Paul Barril |
| 释义 |
Paul Barril (13 April 1946 in Vinay, Isère) is a former officer of the French Gendarmerie Nationale. He authored several books about his military career, touching sensitive political subjects of the Mitterrand era. Barril was a gendarme until 1995. He was the second officer of the GIGN Special Forces unit for 10 years, before being involved in the creation of the Counterterrorist Cell of the Élysée during François Mitterrand's first mandate from 1981 to 1988.[1] Since then, he has led several private security companies. He has been in the centre of controversies for his role in Africa, particularly in Rwanda during the Rwandan genocide in 1994 during which extremist Hutus mass exterminated hundreds of thousands of ethnic Tutsis and moderate Hutus. Military careerBarril was second officer of the GIGN from 1974 to 1982, as aid to commandant Christian Prouteau. In late 1979, he was dispatched to Saudi Arabia to help the Saudi government quell the Grand Mosque Seizure, an uprising at Islam's holiest shrine in Mecca that was led by fundamentalist preacher Juhayman al-Otaibi. Barril was commander of the GIGN by interim in 1982-1983, while commandant Prouteau was organising the GSPR, a presidential security unit. Barril claims to having "arrested 115 people, being involved in the surrender of 61 madmen, neutralised 17 armed people without using weapons, and freed over 450 hostages." After a car bomb explosion near a restaurant in Rue Marbeuf in Paris on 22 April 1982, Barril and Prouteau were involved in the creation of the Counterterrorist Cell of the Elysée, along with Prouteau. Barril was involved in several famous affairs, such as the so-called "Irish of Vincennes" and the Elysée wiretap scandal. Although rumors suggest Paul Barril has been convicted, his police record is clean and shows no signs of conviction.[2] Private security businessAfter the "Irishmen from Vincennes" affair, in 1984, Barril created the company Epsylon in Paris. He also leads a company called SECRETS (for "Société d'Etudes de Conception et de Réalisation d'Equipements Techniques de Sécurité", "Society for Study, Design and Implementation of Technical Security Equipment") which offers security interventions in foreign countries. In 1988, Barril organised an "action group" around President Félix Houphouët-Boigny in Côte d'Ivoire. Rwanda{{further|Foreign policy of François Mitterrand |Rwandan genocide}}Barril was involved in Rwanda during the first half of the 90s. He went to Kigali right after the plane ferrying president Juvénal Habyarimana was shot down, as the genocide started. Barril stated that he acted as a councilor to Habyarimana. He was contacted in 1989 for a reorganisation of the Rwandan intelligence services.[3] Other sources refer to an audit of the Rwandan army in 1990.[4] Barril was also present in Kigali on 7 and 27 April 1994.[5] Rumour has it that after Juvénal Habyarimana was assassinated, his widow, Agathe Habyarimana, hired Barril, via SECRETS company,{{Citation needed|date=December 2015}} to investigate the case. Barril declared to journalists of Le Monde and France 2 that he was in possession of the black boxes of the plane and promoted the thesis that the FPR (Rwandan Patriotic Front), led by the Tutsi Paul Kagame, was involved in the attack.[6] At the same time, on 20 May 1994, Barril was hired by the Hutu temporary government to recover a US$1.65 million payment made for canceled weapon imports.[7] Notes1. ^"Un déjeuner avec Hallier (A Lunch with Jean-Edern Hallier), in Carré d'art : Byron, Barbey d'Aurevilly, Dali, Hallier, Jean-Pierre Thiollet, Anagramme, 2008, p. 190. 2. ^Document indicating Paul Barril has a clean police record and no charges of conviction 3. ^Annex 10 of the report of the Information mission of the Assemblée nationale regarding military operations in Rwanda from 1990 to 1994 . 4. ^Libération, 29 July 1994 ; quoted by the Voltaire Network {{cite web |url=http://www.reseauvoltaire.net/article1273.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2007-02-21 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20021116061912/http://www.reseauvoltaire.net/article1273.html |archivedate=2002-11-16 |df= }}. 5. ^Paul Barril, Guerres secrètes à l'Élysée, Albin Michel, Paris, 2000 6. ^France 2, 28 June 1994 ; broadcast cited in the parliamentary report on Rwanda, p. 238. 7. ^Parlementary Report, pp. 257-258 and annex 10, pp. 575-581. Bibliography
6 : 1946 births|Living people|Officers of the National Gendarmerie|French Gendarmerie|People of the Rwandan genocide|People from Isère |
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