“Penguin Computing”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Penguin Computing is a private supplier of enterprise, high-performance computing (HPC) and cloud computing solutions in North America and is based in Fremont, California.

The company's products include servers, computer clusters, networking components, digital storage, software solutions and a HPC cloud. Penguin Computing started as Linux server company and now works on the design, engineering, integration, and delivery of solutions that are based on open architectures and non-proprietary components from a variety of Original equipment manufacturer (OEM) providers. Penguin Computing was an early contributor to the Open Compute Project (OCP).

High performance clusters

Penguin Computing operated as a Linux server company until it was acquired in 2003 by Scyld Software, a leader in Beowulf cluster management software.^[1] Penguin Computing is based in Fremont, California.^[2] The company's early software solutions were offered under its Scyld brand and included Scyld ClusterWare for cluster provisioning and management, as well as the Scyld Cloud Manager for cloud-enabled HPC environments.

In 2015, Penguin Computing was awarded a contract with the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) tri-laboratory Commodity Technology Systems program, or CTS-1.^[3] Under the $39 million contract, Penguin Computing provides over 7 petaFLOPS of computing power at Los Alamos National Laboratory, Sandia National Laboratories, and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Coincident with this contract win, Penguin Computing built up a division to focus specifically on the federal HPC market.^[4]

The CTS-1 contract was one of the first and largest deployments of Intel's Omni-Path high-performance communications architecture.^[5] This resulted in Penguin Computing being awarded with Intel's "Partner of the Year - HPC Technical Computing" award.^[6]

Open Compute Project (OCP)

Penguin Computing was an early contributor to the Open Compute Project (OCP), is a member of the project foundation, and one of a limited number of authorized OCP providers.^[7] In November 2015 Penguin Computing announced the developed of its Tundra Extreme Scale (Tundra ES) product line with the intention of applying the findings of the OCP to high performance computing.^[8] Penguin Computing also joined the OpenPOWER Foundation in 2015 with its Magna line of servers built around the POWER8 processor and featuring compliance with Open Compute Project Open Rack infrastructure, designed for virtualization workloads in the hyperscale data center.

HPC cloud computing

In 2016 Penguin Computing was among a handful of companies, alongside R-HPC, Amazon Web Services, Univa, Silicon Graphics International, Sabalcore, and Gomput, to offer high performance computing (HPC) cloud computing. The Penguin On Demand (POD) cloud was one of the first remote HPC services offered on a pay-as-you-go monthly basis. Like its high performance clusters, the POD cloud is a bare-metal compute model to execute code, but each user is given virtualized login node. Penguin Computing offers users more than 150 pre-installed commercial and open source applications. POD computing nodes are connected via nonvirtualized 10 Gbit/s Ethernet (GigE) Ethernet or QDR InfiniBand networks. The POD Cloud data centre has redundant Internet links and user connectivity ranging from 50Mbit/s to 1Gbit/s.^[9]

POD was launched in 2016 as competitor to the Amazon's EC2 Elastic Compute Cloud. Penguin Computing's CEO Charles Wuischpard contendet that because of the performance overhead from virtualization, Amazon's cloud is not suited to HPC and that the computing nodes allocated to customers may be far apart, causing latency that impairs performance for some HPC programmes.^[10]

SMART division

In 2018 Penguin Computing was bought by the publicly traded SMART Global Holdings for a $60 million purchase price, with a further $25 million due if Penguin Computing hits certain profit milestones. The $60 million included the assumption of Penguin Computing’s debts, the company has borrowed $33 million from Wells Fargo to fund a new manufacturing facility. In the first quarter of financial year 2018 Penguin Computing had a gross profits of $10.3 million on sales of $48.5 million. HPC computer clusters were the main source of revenue. Penguin owned 1.2 percent of the HPC server market and when the company was bought by SMART it had ten supercomputers in the TOP500.^[11]

See also

References

1. ^{{cite web|title=Linux Server Company Penguin Computing to Acquire Scyld Computing, the Leading Developer of Beowulf High-Performance Clustering Software|url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20030610005118/en/Linux-Server-Company-Penguin-Computing-Acquire-Scyld|website=Business Wire|accessdate=3 June 2016|date=10 June 2003}}
2. ^{{cite web|last1=Hemsoth|first1=Nicole|title=Penguin Charts Fresh Trajectory for Open Hardware|url=http://www.spv.com/penguin-charts-fresh-trajectory-for-open-hardware/|website=Signal Peak Ventures|accessdate=3 June 2016|date=1 December 2015}}
3. ^{{cite web|title=NNSA Announces Procurement of Penguin Computing Clusters to Support Stockpile Stewardship at National Labs|url=https://nnsa.energy.gov/mediaroom/pressreleases/nnsa-announces-procurement-penguin-computing-clusters-support-stockpile|website=NNSA Press Releases|publisher=National Nuclear Security Administration|accessdate=16 May 2016|date=20 October 2015}}
4. ^{{cite web|last1=Trader|first1=Tiffany|title=Penguin Computing Mines Commodity Gold|url=http://www.hpcwire.com/2016/01/06/penguin-computing-mines-commodity-gold/|website=HPC Wire|accessdate=6 June 2016|date=6 January 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=Intel® Omni Path Architecture Makes Serious Headway|url=http://www.top500.org/news/intel-omni-path-architecture-makes-serious-headway/|website=Top500 The List|accessdate=6 June 2016|date=29 March 2016}}
6. ^{{cite web|last1=Bergman|first1=Phillip|title=Penguin Computing Receives Partner of the Year - HPC Technical Computing Award at Intel Solutions Summit|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/2016/04/prweb13308512.htm|website=PRWEB|accessdate=3 June 2016|date=31 March 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web|last1=Brueckner|first1=Rich|title=Penguin Computing is now Platinum Member of Open Compute Project (OCP)|url=http://insidehpc.com/2016/01/penguin-computing-is-now-platinum-member-of-open-compute-project-ocp/|website=Inside HPC|accessdate=2 June 2016|date=2 January 2016}}
8. ^{{cite web|title=Penguin Computing’s Tundra Extreme Scale Series Implements Solution Targeted for OCP-Compliant High Performance Computing Emerson Network Power’s DC Power System|url=http://www.hpctoday.com/wire/penguin-computings-tundra-extreme-scale-series-implements-solution-targeted-for-ocp-compliant-high-performance-computing-emerson-network-powers-dc-power-system/|website=HPC Today|accessdate=2 June 2016|date=16 November 2015}}
9. ^{{cite web|last1=Eadline|first1=Douglas|title=Moving HPC to the Cloud|url=http://www.admin-magazine.com/HPC/Articles/Moving-HPC-to-the-Cloud|website=Admin Magazine|publisher=Admin Magazine|accessdate=30 March 2019}}
10. ^{{cite web|last1=Niccolai|first1=James|title=Penguin Puts High-performance Computing in the Cloud|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/170045/article.html|website=PCWorld|publisher=IDG Consumer & SMB|accessdate=6 June 2016|date=11 August 2009}}
11. ^{{cite web| author = Michael Feldman| title=Penguin Computing Acquired by SMART Global Holding |url= https://www.top500.org/news/penguin-computing-acquired-by-smart-global-holdings/|accessdate=30 March 2019|date=12 June 2018}}