| 词条 | Penny Mordaunt |
| 释义 |
| image = Official portrait of Penny Mordaunt crop 2.jpg | honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable | name = Penny Mordaunt | honorific-suffix = {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|MP}} | office = Secretary of State for International Development | primeminister = Theresa May | 1blankname = Deputy | 1namedata = Rory Stewart Harriett Baldwin | term_start = 9 November 2017 | term_end = | predecessor = Priti Patel | successor = | office1 = Minister for Women and Equalities | deputy1 = Susan Williams Victoria Atkins | primeminister1 = Theresa May | term_start1 = 30 April 2018 | predecessor1 = Amber Rudd | successor1 = | term_end1 = | office2 = Minister of State for Disabled People | 1blankname2 = Sec. of State | 1namedata2 = Damian Green David Gauke | primeminister2 = Theresa May | term_start2 = 15 July 2016 | term_end2 = 9 November 2017 | predecessor2 = Justin Tomlinson | successor2 = Sarah Newton | office3 = Minister of State for the Armed Forces | 1blankname3 = Sec. of State | 1namedata3 = Sir Michael Fallon | primeminister3 = David Cameron | term_start3 = 11 May 2015 | term_end3 = 15 July 2016 | predecessor3 = Mark Francois | successor3 = Mike Penning | office4 = Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Communities and Local Government | 1blankname4 = Sec. of State | 1namedata4 = Eric Pickles | primeminister4 = David Cameron | term_start4 = 14 July 2014 | term_end4 = 11 May 2015 | predecessor4 = Nick Boles | successor4 = James Wharton | office5 = Member of Parliament for Portsmouth North | parliament5 = | majority5 = 9,965 (21.1%) | predecessor5 = Sarah McCarthy-Fry | term_start5 = 6 May 2010 | birth_name = Penelope Mary Mordaunt | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1973|3|4|df=y}} | birth_place = Torquay, Devon, England | death_date = | death_place = | nationality = British | spouse = {{marriage|Paul Murray |31 July 1999|2000|end=div}} | party = Conservative | website = {{URL|www.pennymordaunt.com}} | allegiance = {{flagcountry|UK}} | branch = {{Navy|UK}} | serviceyears = 2013 – present | rank = Acting Sub Lieutenant | commands = | unit = | battles = | awards = | alma_mater = University of Reading }} Penelope Mary Mordaunt[1] ({{IPAc-en|'|m|ɔː|r|d|ə|n|t}};[2] born 4 March 1973)[3] is a British Conservative politician serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Portsmouth North since 2010. She has served as Secretary of State for International Development since 2017 and Minister for Women and Equalities since April 2018.[4] Before becoming an MP, Mordaunt worked in business and communications and is currently the only female MP who is a Royal Naval Reservist. Mordaunt served in the Cameron Government as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State at the Department for Communities and Local Government prior to[5][6] being appointed Minister of State for the Armed Forces at the Ministry of Defence in May 2015, the first woman to hold this post.[7] From 15 July 2016 to 9 November 2017, she served in the May Government as Minister of State at the Department for Work and Pensions, and on 9 November 2017 she was appointed International Development Secretary. Early life and careerMordaunt was born on the 4 March 1973 in Torquay, Devon. The daughter of a former paratrooper, one of twins, she was named after the Leander-class frigate HMS Penelope. Her father, who had been born in Hilsea Barracks, had left the Parachute Regiment and trained as a teacher. Mordaunt has two brothers: James, and a younger brother, Edward.[8] She is a relative of Philip Snowden, the first Labour Chancellor of the Exchequer. Angela Lansbury is her grandmother's cousin.[8][9] Mordaunt was educated at Oaklands Roman Catholic School Academy, Waterlooville, Hampshire, and studied drama at the Victoryland Theatre School.[10] When Mordaunt was 15, her mother died of breast cancer. Mordaunt's twin brother left school, so she became Edward's prime caregiver. The following year her father was diagnosed with cancer, from which he recovered. To pay her way through sixth-form college, Mordaunt became a magician's assistant to Portsmouth magician Will Ayling, once president of The Magic Circle.[11] She has attributed her interest in politics to her experiences working in hospitals and orphanages of post-revolutionary Romania in her gap year, after the 1989 revolution.[12] She graduated from the University of Reading with a BA in Philosophy in 1995, becoming the first member of her family to attend university.[13] After graduating, Mordaunt's employment was focused on public relations in various sectors. Under Prime Minister John Major she was Head of Youth for the Conservative Party, before working for two years as Head of Broadcasting for the party under party leader William Hague.[13] She then worked as a communications specialist for the Freight Transport Association before, in 2000, working briefly as Head of Foreign Press for George W. Bush's presidential campaign,[14][15] She was director of communications for Kensington and Chelsea London Borough Council between 2001–2003, before leaving to set up a new Anglo-American website called 'virtualconservatives'.[16][13] She worked for the Bush campaign again in 2004.[17] She was a director at the Community Fund, which merged administratively with the New Opportunities Fund to create the Big Lottery Fund and in 2006, Mordaunt became one of six Directors at the charity Diabetes UK.[18][19] Parliamentary careerIn November 2003, Mordaunt was selected as Conservative candidate to contest Portsmouth North in the 2005 general election. She attained a 5.5% swing towards the Conservatives,[13] but lost to Labour candidate Sarah McCarthy-Fry by 1,139 votes.[20] A critic of women-only shortlists,[21][22] after the 2005 election she worked as chief of staff for David Willetts's aborted leadership campaign.[23] Mordaunt was re-selected in January 2006 to contest Portsmouth North for the 2010 general election.[13] In September 2006, she proposed standing as the Conservative Party candidate for Mayor of London, under the innovative principle of being a commuter mayor, but faced some criticism for not being fully focused on the parliamentary seat in Portsmouth.{{cn|date=November 2018}} In the 2010 general election, Mordaunt won the seat with an 8.6% swing from Labour, giving her a 7,289 majority. She was re-elected at the 2015 general election and 2017 general election. After her election, she was a member of the Public Bill Committee for the Defence Reform Act 2014.[24] She is a supporter of homeopathy, having signed an early day motion in support of its continued funding on the National Health Service.[25] When receiving The Spectator magazine's Parliamentarian of the Year award in November 2014, Mordaunt said that she had delivered a speech in the House of Commons just before the Easter recess in 2013 on poultry welfare so as to use the word "cock", as a forfeit for a misdemeanour during Naval Reserve training.[26][27] Mordaunt used the word "cock" six times and "lay" or "laid" five times. Following her comments, she was accused by Labour MP Kate Hoey of trivialising parliament.[28] In 2014, Mordaunt became only the second woman in Elizabeth II's reign (the first having been Lady Tweedsmuir in 1957) to propose the loyal address in reply to the Queen's speech from the throne, and made reference to Tweedsmuir's comments about wanting more female involvement in Parliament.[29][30] In 2014, Mordaunt appeared on reality television programme Splash!. Although some{{who?|date=November 2018}} criticised the media appearance, in terms of questioning whether her focus should have been on her constituency work, Mordaunt stated that the response was overwhelmingly positive and defended her appearance,[31] stating that she was donating all of her £10,000 appearance fee plus any additional sponsorship to charity: £7,000 towards the renovation of her local lido, the rest to four Armed Services charities.{{cn|date=November 2018}} In 2015, it was reported that Mordaunt had the tenth highest expense claims for the 2014/2015 year out of all the UK's 650 MPs. It was noted that the majority of the top ten expenses claimants were from Scotland - and thus understandably had high travel expenses as they had the longest distances to go to get between their constituency and Westminster.[32] She defended herself from criticism that she had claimed 90p in expenses to visit a charity-run swimming pool, less than a mile from her constituency office, by pointing out the petrol cost related to one of her members of staff, who was trying to help them with recruiting lifeguards.{{cn|date=November 2018}} In a May 2016 BBC Television interview during the run-up to the EU membership referendum, Mordaunt denied that the UK had a veto on Turkey joining the EU, despite Article 49 of the EU constitution requiring a unanimous vote of all 28 members of the General Council to allowing accession of a candidate state, thus creating a power of veto by a dissenting member nation.[33] She supported the leave, or Brexit, option in the campaign.[34] Prime Minister David Cameron stated that her opinion was "completely wrong"[35] and Guy Verhofstadt called her statement "contemptible".[36] Secretary of State for International DevelopmentIn November 2017, Mordaunt was appointed Secretary of State for International Development, after Priti Patel resigned over a series of apparently secret and unauthorised meetings she had with Israeli politicians while on holiday.[37] In February 2018, an investigation by the Times newspaper revealed allegations of misconduct by Oxfam staff in operating in Haiti, in the aftermath of the 2010 earthquake. Mordaunt argued that Oxfam, which received £32m in Government funds in the previous financial year, had failed in its "moral leadership" over the "scandal". She also said that Oxfam did "absolutely the wrong thing" by not reporting the detail of the allegations to the government. Mordaunt felt it was important for aid organisations to report offences, because she believed that there were paedophiles "targeting" the charity sector in order to carry out predatory activities.[38] She became Minister for Women and Equalities in April 2018, replacing Amber Rudd, who had resigned following the Windrush scandal.[39] In the House of Commons she has previously sat on the Privacy and Injunctions (Joint Committee), the Defence Committee, the European Scrutiny Committee and the Committees on Arms Export Controls (formerly Quadripartite Committee).[40] Other activitiesMordaunt is a Royal Naval Reservist, serving as an acting sub-lieutenant, at HMS King Alfred on Whale Island.[41][42] She is a Fellow of the Royal Society for Arts, a member of the British Astronomical Association, and she is involved in many charities active in the Portsmouth area, including Southsea Greenhouse, Hilsea Lido, The Patey Centre, and Wymering Manor.[43] Mordaunt is a patron of the Victoria Cross Trust, as well as an ambassador for Portsmouth Scouts.{{cn|date=March 2019}} Personal lifeMordaunt lived with former partner Ian Lyon, a classical singer and director of an IT company, who was elected to Portsmouth City Council for Nelson Ward.[13] References1. ^{{London Gazette |issue=59418 |date=13 May 2010 |page=8744}} 2. ^{{cite AV media | last =Mordaunt | first = Penny | date =2009 | title =Penny welcome video blog | url =https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_bdZm62HYH0 | access-date =21 December 2018 | time =0:05 | website =YouTube}} 3. ^Profile, ukwhoswho.com; accessed 8 May 2015. 4. ^{{Cite news | last = Staff writer|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-41923007|title=Priti Patel quits over Israel meetings row|date=8 November 2017|work=BBC News|access-date=8 November 2017|language=en-GB}} 5. ^{{Cite news| last = Hope | first = Christopher|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/10969676/Pen-portraits-of-the-10-Conservative-women-ministers-who-were-promoted-in-the-reshuffle.html|title=Pen portraits of the 10 Conservative women ministers who were promoted in the reshuffle|work=Daily Telegraph|date=15 July 2014|accessdate=15 July 2014}} 6. ^{{cite news| last = Kelly | first = Liam |url=https://www.theguardian.com/housing-network/2014/jul/15/brandon-lewis-housing-planning-minister-reshuffle|title=Brandon Lewis promoted to housing and planning minister in reshuffle|work=The Guardian|date=15 July 2014|accessdate=15 July 2014}} 7. ^{{cite web | last = Cameron | first = David|title=Penny Mordaunt first woman to become Armed Forces Minister|url=https://twitter.com/David_Cameron/status/597790191621951488 | publisher = Twitter|date=11 May 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/10969676/Pen-portraits-of-the-10-Conservative-women-ministers-who-were-promoted-in-the-reshuffle.html|title=Pen portraits of the 10 Conservative women ministers who were promoted in the reshuffle|first=Christopher|last=Hope|date=15 July 2014|publisher=|via=www.telegraph.co.uk}} 9. ^{{cite news | last = Bell | first = Matthew | title = The Feral Beast: Cecilia pins her hopes on the Pope | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/diary/the-feral-beast-cecilia-pins-her-hopes-on-the-pope-8547065.html | work = The Independent | date = 18 March 2004 | archive-date = 24 March 2013 | access-date = 16 May 2009 }} 10. ^{{cite web | title = Penny Mordaunt: Member of Parliament for Portsmouth North | url = http://www.conservatives.com/OurTeam/Members_of_Parliament/Mordaunt_Penny.aspx | publisher = conservatives.com | access-date = 8 May 2015}} 11. ^{{cite news|accessdate=2018-12-15|title=Commons people: One year on, how are the new MPs coping with the highs and lows of power |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/commons-people-one-year-on-how-are-the-new-mps-coping-with-the-highs-and-lows-of-power-2267874.html| date=17 April 2011|newspaper=The Independent}} 12. ^{{cite news | last = Murphy | first = Joe | title = Howard's harem | archive-url = https://archive.is/20130505104507/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-9713092-details/Howard's+harem/article.do | archive-date = 5 May 2013 | url = http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-9713092-details/Howard's+harem/article.do | work = London Evening Standard | date = 18 March 2004 | access-date = 8 May 2015}} 13. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web | title = Penny Mordaunt profile | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100430133318/http://www.conservatives.com/People/Prospective_Parliamentary_Candidates/Mordaunt_Penny.aspx |archive-date=30 April 2010 | url = http://www.conservatives.com/People/Prospective_Parliamentary_Candidates/Mordaunt_Penny.aspx | publisher = conservatives.com | access-date = 8 May 2015}} 14. ^{{cite episode | last1 = Murray | first1 = Jenni (host) | author-link1 = Jenni Murray | last2 = Mordaunt | first2 = Penny (guest) | url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/womanshour/02/2008_36_mon.shtml | title = The role of women in McCain's presidential campaign |series=Woman's Hour |date=1 September 2008 | station = BBC Radio 4 }} 15. ^{{cite news | last = Brogan | first = Benedict | author-link = Benedict Brogan | title = Bush's black spin doctor backs Hague | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1317176/Bushs-black-spin-doctor-backs-Hague.html | work = Daily Telegraph | date = 14 June 2001 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 16. ^{{cite news|title=New Head of PR at Kensington and Chelsea|url=https://www.prweek.com/article/167945/public-sect0r-kensington-chelsea-pr-role-given-fitzpatrick|work=PR Week|accessdate=5 October 2018|date=10 January 2003}} 17. ^{{cite news | last = Hamilton-Miller | first = Tara | title = Tara's top Tories | url = http://www.newstatesman.com/uk-politics/2008/01/tara-ranger-faces-mordaunt | work = New Statesman | date = 3 January 2008 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 18. ^{{cite news | last = Black | first = Alex | title = Profile: Penny Mordaunt, Diabetes UK | url = https://www.prweek.com/article/557002/profile-penny-mordaunt-diabetes-uk | work = PR Week | date = 4 May 2006 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080523183630/http://www.diabetes.org.uk/About_us/How-we-are-governed/Executive-team/|title=About Diabetes UK|publisher=Charity website|accessdate=7 October 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.co.uk/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=2048&ArticleID=991228|title=Portsmouth News|work=thenews.co.uk}} 21. ^{{cite news | last = Appleton | first = Josie | title = How will women vote? | url = http://www.spiked-online.com/index.php?/site/article/1107/ | work = Spiked | date = 20 April 2005 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 22. ^{{cite news | last = Woolf | first = Marie | title = Tories face call for positive discrimination | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tories-face-call-for-positive-discrimination-748164.html | work = The Independent | date = 15 January 2005 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 23. ^{{cite news | title = Tory Leadership Watch: August | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/4652549.stm | work = BBC News | date = August 2005 | access-date = 16 May 2009}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://services.parliament.uk/bills/2013-14/defencereform/committees/houseofcommonspublicbillcommitteeonthedefencereformbill201314.html|title=House of Commons Public Bill Committee on the Defence Reform Bill 2013–14 |publisher=Parliament.uk |date= |accessdate=17 September 2013}} 25. ^{{cite web | last = Tredinnick | first = David |url=http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=41282&SESSION=905 |title=Early Day Motion No. 342 British Medical Association Motions on Homeopathy |date=29 June 2010}} 26. ^{{cite news | last = Mason | first = Chris | title = Penny Mordaunt speech: Fowl play or light-hearted fun? | url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-30280120 | work = BBC News | date = 1 December 2014 |access-date = 7 December 2014}} 27. ^{{cite news | title = Conservative MP Penny Mordaunt criticised for smutty Commons speech delivered 'for a dare' | url = https://www.standard.co.uk/news/politics/tory-mp-penny-mordaunt-smutty-cock-commons-speech-dare-9893411.html | work = London Evening Standard | date = 30 November 2014 |access-date = 7 December 2014}} 28. ^{{cite news | last = Eleftheriou-Smith | first = Loulla-Mae | title = Tory MP Penny Mordaunt said 'c**k' several times in Parliament speech as part of Navy dare | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/tory-mp-said-ck-several-times-in-parliament-speech-as-part-of-navy-dare-9893449.html | work = The Independent | date = 30 November 2014 |access-date = 7 December 2014}} 29. ^{{cite news | last = Mason | first = Rowena |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/jun/04/penny-mordaunt-queens-speech-loyal-address-testicles|title=Penny Mordaunt brings the House down after Queen's speech|work=The Guardian | date = 4 June 2014}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.conservativehome.com/highlights/2016/03/profile-penny-mordaunt-a-risque-but-not-revolting-contender-for-the-tory-leadership.html|title=Profile: Penny Mordaunt, a risqué but not revolting potential Tory leadership contender | publisher = Conservative Home|accessdate=19 September 2016}} 31. ^{{cite news | last = Booth | first = Jenny |url=http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/news/politics/article3974831.ece|title=Tory MP Penny Mordaunt defends appearing in swimsuit on TV reality show|work=The Times| date = 14 January 2014|access-date=18 January 2014}} 32. ^{{cite news|title=Portsmouth North MP Penny Mordaunt racks up tenth largest parliamentary expenses bill with claims of £186,977|url=https://www.portsmouth.co.uk/news/politics/portsmouth-north-mp-penny-mordaunt-racks-up-tenth-largest-parliamentary-expenses-bill-with-claims-of-186-977-1-6957465|work=Portsmouth News|accessdate=7 October 2018|author=|date=15 September 2015}} 33. ^{{cite news |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36353013|title=EU referendum: Row over Turkey's membership bid escalates|work=BBC News|date=24 May 2016|accessdate=2 November 2017}} 34. ^{{cite news|last=Withnail|first=Adam|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/penny-mordaunt-andrew-marr-uk-veto-tory-minister-accused-of-flat-out-lying-over-turkey-joining-the-a7041956.html|title=Tory minister Penny Mordaunt 'plain and simple lying' over Turkey joining EU|work=The Independent|date=22 May 2016|accessdate=2 November 2017}} 35. ^{{cite news|last=Asthana|first=Anushka | author-link = Anushka Asthana |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/may/22/david-cameron-defence-minister-penny-mordaunt-lying-turkey-joining-eu|title=David Cameron suggests defence minister is lying over Turkey joining EU|work=The Guardian|date=22 May 2016|accessdate=19 September 2016}} 36. ^{{cite news|last=Verhofstadt|first=Guy| author-link = Guy Verhofstadt |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/may/31/britain-remains-bail-out-eurozone-david-cameron-renegotiation-eu-membership|title=Relax, Britain – you can hate the eurozone and still vote remain|work=The Guardian|date=31 May 2016|access-date=31 May 2016}} 37. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-41931063|work=BBC News|title=Penny Mordaunt replaces Priti Patel in cabinet reshuffle|date=9 November 2017|access-date=9 November 2017}} 38. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-43020875|title=Oxfam 'failed in moral leadership'|date=11 February 2018|work=BBC News|access-date=11 February 2018|language=en-GB}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/10DowningStreet/status/990885341463764993|title=International Development Secretary Penny Mordaunt MP @PennyMordaunt additionally becomes Minister for Women and Equalities|website=Twitter|accessdate=30 April 2018}} 40. ^{{cite web|title=Penny Mordaunt|url=https://www.parliament.uk/biographies/commons/penny-mordaunt/4017|website=Parliament UK|accessdate=7 October 2018}} 41. ^{{Cite web|last = Mordaunt | first = Penny |url =http://www.totalpolitics.com/blog/28313/diary-of-the-week-penny-mordaunt.thtml|title =Diary of the week: Penny Mordaunt (blog) |publisher =totalpolitics.com|date =22 October 2010|accessdate =3 December 2013}} 42. ^{{cite web |title=Royal Naval Reservists mission on the Dart|url=http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2014/march/12/140313-rnr-on-the-dart|website=royalnavy.mod.uk|publisher=Ministry of Defence|accessdate=26 October 2016|date=12 March 2014}} 43. ^{{cite news | last = Stafford | first = Stephen | title = Volunteers' hopes for 'haunted' Wymering Manor |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-hampshire-21355760 | work = BBC News | date = 15 February 2013 |accessdate=15 July 2014}} External links
|-{{s-bef|before=Priti Patel}}{{s-ttl|title=Secretary of State for International Development|years=2017–present}}{{s-inc}} |-{{s-bef|before=Amber Rudd}}{{s-ttl|title=Minister for Women and Equalities|years=2018-present}}{{s-inc}}{{s-end}}{{Secretary of State for International Development}}{{Second May Cabinet}}{{South East Conservative Party MPs}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mordaunt, Penny}} 17 : 1973 births|21st-century women politicians|Alumni of the University of Reading|Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom|Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies|Female members of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom|English people of French descent|Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies|Living people|People educated at Oaklands Catholic School|People from Portsmouth|People from Torquay|Politics of Portsmouth|Royal Navy officers|UK MPs 2010–15|UK MPs 2015–17|UK MPs 2017– |
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